The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems in China. The Book of Songs was originally named "Poetry", and there were 305 * * * poems (in addition, there were 6 poems with titles and no content, which was called "Sheng Poetry"), so it was also called "Poetry 300". Confucianism has regarded it as a classic since the Han Dynasty, so it is called The Book of Songs. Mao Heng in Han Dynasty annotated The Book of Songs, so it was also called Mao Shi. Most of the authors of the poems in The Book of Songs cannot be verified.
Regarding the classification of poems in The Book of Songs, there is a saying of "four beginnings and six meanings". "Four Beginnings" refers to four top poems: Feng, Elegance, Ode. "Six meanings" refers to "wind, elegance, praise, fu, comparison and glory". "Style, elegance and praise" are the classification of the Book of Songs according to different music, and "Fu, Bi and Xing" are the expressions of the Book of Songs.
Wind, elegance, praise
"Wind", also known as "national wind", has 15 group, and "wind" is the general term of music. 15 group is not music from 15 countries, but music from more than ten regions. The national wind includes 160 music songs of,, Yi, Wei, Wang, Zheng, Qi, Wei, Tang, Qin, Qian, Chen and Cao. The national wind was a popular local song at that time, with local color. In terms of content, most of them are folk songs. The authors are mostly folk singers, but there are also some nobles.
Have different views on you. One view is that it refers to the music directly ruled by the Zhou Dynasty, and "elegance" means "righteousness". This kind of music is regarded as "positive tone", which is intended to show the difference from music in other places. It is also said that "Ya" and "Xia" are interlinked, and Xia is the name of the region directly ruled by the Zhou Dynasty. There is also a view that "elegance" refers to elegant music that everyone can understand. Ya *** 105, divided into Ya 3 1 and 74 articles. Elegant is mostly the works of court officials and doctors, and a few are folk songs. Its content is almost all about politics, some praise good people and good politics, and some satirize bad politics. There are only a few poems expressing personal feelings. But there are no love poems.
Ode is a musical work in which nobles worship ghosts and gods in temples and praise the merits of rulers. You should play with the dance. It is divided into Zhou Song, Truffles and Ode to Shang, with 40 articles in total. Among them, Song of Zhou (3 1 piece) is considered to be a work of the Western Zhou Dynasty, mostly written before King Zhao of Zhou. 4 pieces of Truffles, probably works by Lu Xigong; Shang Fu is considered to be the work of Song State before the Spring and Autumn Period.