Du Fu's early poems are relatively optimistic and cheerful, showing an optimistic attitude toward politics and youthful ambition, while his later poems are more melancholy and full of sighs.
1. The period of reading and wandering (before the age of thirty-five).
During this period, he traveled to Wu, Yue (today's Jiangsu and Zhejiang) and Qi and Zhao (today's northern Shandong and southern Hebei). During this period, he went to Luoyang to apply for the examination, but failed. Later, he met Li Bai in Luoyang, and the two formed a profound friendship. Then they met Gao Shi, and the three of them traveled together in Liang and Song Dynasties (today's Kaifeng and Shangqiu). Later, Li Du went to Qizhou again, and after breaking up, he met Donglu again. They separated again, and there was no chance to meet again.
2. The period of being trapped in Chang'an (35 to 44 years old).
During this period, Du Fu first took the exam in Chang'an and failed. Later, he presented gifts to the emperor and gave gifts to the nobles, and lived a life of "taking care of the rich in the morning, following the fat horse in the evening, leaving cups and cold dishes, and hiding sorrow everywhere". Finally, he was led by the right guard to join the army. The petty official. During this period, he wrote poems such as "The Journey of Military Chariots" and "The Journey of Beauties" that criticized current affairs and satirized the powerful. The "Five Hundred Words of Empathy from Beijing to Fengxian County" is particularly famous.
3. The period of being trapped by thieves and serving as an official (forty-five to forty-eight years old).
The Anshi Rebellion broke out and Tongguan fell. Du Fu settled his family in _zhou and went to Suzong alone. On the way, he was captured by the Anshi rebels and taken to Chang'an. Facing the chaotic Chang'an and hearing the news of repeated defeats of the army, he wrote poems such as "Moonlight Night", "Spring View", "Aijiangtou", "Sadness of Chen Tao" and other poems. Later, he recorded his experiences in the form of poems, which became his immortal works, namely "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells".
4. The wandering period in the southwest (forty-eight to fifty-eight years old).
With the defeat of the army in Xiangzhou in the ninth quarter and the famine in Guanfu, Du Fu abandoned his official position and fled with his family and people. He passed through Qinzhou, Tonggu and other places, and arrived in Chengdu. After a period of stability, he life. When Yan Wu entered the dynasty, the warlords in Sichuan rebelled, and he drifted to Zizhou and Langzhou. Then return to Chengdu. After Yan Wu died, he wandered again, living in Kuizhou for two years, and then drifted to Hubei and Hunan, where he died of illness on the Xiangjiang River.
During this period, his works include "The Water Threshold Refreshes the Heart", "Spring Night Joyful Rain", "Song of Thatched Cottage Broken by the Autumn Wind", "Sick Orange", "Climbing the Tower", "The Prime Minister of Shu", "Wen" A large number of famous works such as "The Officials and Troops Conquer Henan and Hebei", "Another Present to Wu Lang", "Climbing High", "Autumn Rising", "Three Quatrains", "Sui Yan Xing" and so on.
Extended information:
1. Poetry achievement.
Du Fu’s poems were collected in sixty volumes, which were lost early. In the second year of Baoyuan of the Northern Song Dynasty (1039), Wang Zhu compiled 1,405 articles into 18 volumes, titled "Collection of Du Gongbu". Qian Qianyi compiled "Annotations to Du Gongbu Collection". Yang Lun said: "Since the Six Dynasties, many Yuefu titles have imitated plagiarism, and they are the most disgusting. Zimei came out and was alone because of what he felt at the time. He felt pity for the country at the top and the poverty of the people at the bottom. He set up the title at will and was totally free. Get rid of the stereotypes of our predecessors."
2. Calligraphy achievements.
His calligraphy is written in regular script and cursive, and the overall style is written with intention. He appreciates the ancient and majestic, and pays attention to the speed, rhythm, strokes, ink techniques, etc. in writing, which was also very popular in the Tang Dynasty. A profound calligrapher. At the same time, his praise of the official calligraphers of the Tang Dynasty and his evaluation of Cao Ba and Zhang Xu were enough to make him famous in the history of calligraphy, and his theory of "calligraphy is expensive, thin and hard" established Du Fu's reputation in the history of calligraphy theory. important position.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Du Fu