The ancients said, "Poetry expresses ambition." Zhou Enlai's early poems were neither about flowers and grass, nor about mountains and water, nor about scenery, nor about things and aspirations, nor about encouraging friends to express their feelings, nor about the country and the people. The following are some excerpts for readers' reference.
The Occasional Spring is the earliest poem written by Zhou Enlai so far. The poem says, "In the extremely green suburbs, the smog is thick, and the Central Plains competes for deer, and the waves follow the waves." This poem was published in the inaugural issue of Dedication magazine in June, 5438+09 14. Dedication is the diary of a "Dedication Club" formed by Zhou Enlai and a group of classmates when he was in Tianjin Nankai Middle School. At this time, after the Revolution of 1911, although the Qing government was overthrown, foreign enemies invaded, internal affairs were corrupt, and warlords were rampant. Zhou Enlai witnessed that difficult time, and he was patriotic and worried about his country and people. He and his classmates founded the "Respect for Industry and Music Club". When this poem was published, Yuan Shikai assassinated Song, the acting chairman of the Kuomintang, colluded with imperialism, and abolished provincial governors. The land of China is full of smog, and the Chinese nation is in deep disaster. This poem expresses the author's thoughts and feelings about the country and the people.
Zhou Enlai's poems were published in the fourth issue of Dedication published in April, 19 16.
The feeling of seeing Brother Peng Xian go back to his hometown.
( 1)
Meeting by chance is also a leading edge, and it is no accident to be negative.
I'm shocked to say it.
You should taste the courage in times of crisis and dare to rest your shoulders in moral struggle.
When he returns to agriculture for a whole day, he will borrow money from his neighbors in advance.
(2)
The east wind urges strangers, and Nanpu sings praises.
In an instant, people are thousands of miles away.
Stars and leaves become hate, clouds are sad.
There are many reasons for rejoicing in the past.
(3)
Peers fight for speed and take the lead by themselves.
Marry the poor and sympathize with them. The rapids make you noble.
The crow loves the evening tree, and the lonely goose enters the sky.
I feel disappointed only when I make friends with old people.
Zhang Peng was Zhou Enlai's classmate and friend when he was in Nankai. 19151kloc-0/Zhang Pengxian dropped out of school and returned to Jilin. When he left, Zhou Enlai presented three poems. The whole poem seems to write about the feelings of separation of younger brothers and sisters, but it profoundly embodies Zhou Enlai's lofty aspirations of serving the country and serving the people, and his patriotic enthusiasm is beyond words.
19 17 Summer, Zhou Enlai graduated from Nankai Middle School and went to Japan to study. Dongdu, Zhou Enlai wrote a swan song:
The great river song turned to the east, and the dense group helped the poor.
Ten years of broken walls, it is difficult to reward the sea and be a hero.
He sang "Song of the Great River", went abroad to explore the truth of saving the country and the people, and expressed Zhou Enlai's great ambition to study for the rejuvenation of China.
When studying in Japan, Zhou Enlai wrote in his diary: "Nowadays, people always have an ambition. Ordinary people feel it's over when they have enough to eat and wear warm clothes. People with lofty aspirations want to save the country and try their best to society. " This is in line with Zhou Enlai's great ambition of "studying for the rise of China" when he was a teenager. During his stay in Japan, Zhou Enlai read many books introducing Marxism and socialism, and saw the hope of China in his hesitation and depression. In April 2009, Zhou Enlai wrote several vernacular poems in Lanshan, where cherry blossoms were in full bloom. Now extract one of the paragraphs:
Lanshan after the rain
The rain in the mountains is getting darker and darker.
Near dusk
There is a cluster of cherry blossoms in the green.
Pale red and delicate, which makes people feel excited.
Natural beauty, not artificial.
Not bound by others.
Think about religion, etiquette, ancient literature and art ...
Something whitewashed
What beliefs and feelings are you still talking about there?
"The doctrine of beauty ..."
From a distance, the green hills are boundless.
Covered with white clouds like a belt.
A dozen electric lights
Shoot distant and dark cities.
At the moment, the islanders' psychology seems to be exhaled from the scene.
Senators, warlords, party leaders, capitalists ...
From then on, "what do you rely on?"
This poem expresses Zhou Enlai's joy and excitement after contacting Marxism, and is full of hope for saving the country and the people. Therefore, he resolutely "returned to China to pursue other interests" and returned to the motherland in April 19 19.
Soon, the May 4th patriotic movement broke out, and Tianjin students responded enthusiastically. The Tianjin Students' Union was established, and the Tianjin Students' Union Newspaper was hosted by Zhou Enlai. Based on this newspaper, Zhou Enlai discussed current events to arouse the public, and established the patriotic progressive group "Enlightenment Society" on 19 19 September/6. The May 4th Movement won, but the patriotic movement did not stop, and the collusion between imperialism and warlord government to oppress the people of China continued. 1920 65438+ 10/9, five or six thousand Tianjin college students, with Zhou Enlai as the commander in chief, petitioned the Zhili Provincial Office, and the arrogant military police arrested all the student representatives. In prison, Zhou Enlai had a tenacious struggle with the arrested representatives and preached Marxism many times in prison. In the daily records of the procuratorate that year, it was recorded that Zhou Enlai introduced Marx's theory. He preached Marx's historical materialism, the history of class competition, the theory of surplus labor and surplus value in economic theory, and the theory of capital and asset concentration in economic theory six times. 1920, he preached Marxism so systematically, which is very important in China.
While in prison, Zhou Enlai once considered going to the hometown of Marxism to explore the road of saving the country. When Li Yuru, a member of the Enlightenment, wanted to go to France to work and study, Zhou Enlai wrote him a long poem in prison. Here are three paragraphs:
I haven't seen you for three months/made such rapid progress.
I said strongly the other day that you were going to England.
I thought it was just talk.
In a few days, Shan Wen will come again and say/you want to go to France.
I think so too, but tell me
I don't know. A few days.
Come and see me/tell me to my face.
You can go/you really went.
To get there/pick up tools
Sweat your hard work/achieve brilliant achievements
Use your talents/keep your innocence.
Will come back one day/unfurl the banner of freedom.
Sing indie songs/fight for women's rights/equality
To take part in social experiments/overthrow old moral norms
Let you think about it.
After March/Marseille Coast/Paris Suburb
Maybe I can take care of you.
You went/you can go.
I haven't seen you for three months/made such rapid progress.
Farewell words are written in the poem, encouraging students to "open the banner of freedom and sing independent songs". The letter also said that "after March, I may be able to see you on the Marseille coast outside Paris", which indicates that Zhou Enlai has considered going to Europe at this time.
On July 20th, the reactionary government had to release Zhou Enlai and other arrested representatives. Originally, Zhou Enlai had been admitted to Nankai University for liberal arts, but he could not go to school because of his arrest. In order to further study "ism" and explore ways to save the country and the people, Zhou Enlai came to France.
In France, Zhou Enlai, introduced by Zhang Shenfu and Liu Qingyang, joined the China * * * Production Party in March of192 and established the Paris * * * Production Group, which is one of the eight founding groups of China * * * Production Party, and Zhou Enlai is of course one of the founders of China * * * Production Party.
During his stay in Europe, Zhou Enlai kept in touch with the "Enlightenment" in China. When he learned that Huang Yi, a member of the Enlightenment Society, was arrested by Zhao Hengti, a Hunan warlord, in 1922, he was extremely indignant and wrote a magnificent new poem that was told through the ages:
A heroic death/tragic life
Fear of death/What is more important than death?
Parting/parting is the most embarrassing thing.
Farewell, worry.
Death is insignificant.
He Ru made a touching farewell.
No cultivation/harvest
Did not sow the seeds of revolution.
But expect * * * flowers.
Dream of red flags flying.
But you won't let him get blood.
There is nothing so cheap in the world.
Sit and talk, why not get up and do it?
A glutton/sad to leave.
With death and life.
It's just that they don't know the touching farewell.
Always touching
Don't put your hopes on others.
The road to life and death/has been placed in front of everyone.
Fly to the light/whatever you want.
Lift that black iron hoe.
Reclaim uncultivated land
Seeds/blood spilled on the ground
This is parting/it will be parting in the future.
Have a thorough understanding of life and death/work hard to make a living
Still have to work hard to death
What is saying goodbye forever?
This poem not only eulogizes the martyr's spirit of dying, but also expresses Zhou Enlai's world outlook and outlook on life and death as a thorough materialist. This fearless revolutionary spirit is not only embodied in Zhou Enlai's life, but also inspired countless revolutionaries and future generations. In his later decades of revolutionary course, he devoted himself to the liberation of the nation and the establishment of the country, with no regrets, and was disgusted with socialist construction and people's happiness.
He sent this poem to the members of the Enlightenment Society in China, and wrote in the letter: "I believe that the doctrine must remain unchanged, and I am determined to promote it for him."
1July, 924, Zhou Enlai returned to work according to the instructions of the central authorities. From then on, he fought in the south and the north for the liberation of the Chinese nation and the happiness of the people. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he served as Prime Minister for 26 years until the last moment of his life. During the revolutionary war years, he dismounted despite my busy schedule and waged a long and arduous struggle with the Kuomintang reactionaries. After serving as the Prime Minister of the Republic of China, he was busy with his work and state affairs. How can he have time to write poems again? But when we read some poems of Zhou Enlai when he was young, we can imagine that Zhou Enlai already has the qualities of an excellent poet. Although his poems are few, his works will remain immortal under his name, and Zhou Enlai is worthy of the title of poet.