The form is scattered but the spirit is not scattered. The article is written casually, but every word is related to the theme center. Short and pithy, lively and interesting. Chinese traditional prose can be traced back to Oracle Bone Inscriptions. It is all essays except poetry, drama, novels and ci fu, including political essays, historical reviews, biographies, travel notes, letters, diaries, plays, essays, tables, prefaces and other essays. Because these articles are not only carriers of beautiful thoughts and emotions, but also models of language and art, which have high aesthetic value. In the long-term spreading process, they have watered the literary gardens of all ages and touched the literati of all ages, and still benefit people today.
The definition of modern prose refers to a literary genre that is juxtaposed with novels, poems and plays, and has broad and narrow understandings.
Prose in a broad sense refers to all literary prose except poetry, novels and dramas. In addition to discussing lyric prose, it also includes communication, reportage, essays, memoirs, biographies and other styles. With the development of writing discipline, many styles stand on their own feet, and the scope of prose is shrinking day by day.
Prose in a narrow sense refers to literary prose, which is a kind of literary style mainly based on narration or lyric, with extensive materials, flexible brushwork, short length and rich love for literature.
According to the content and nature of prose, it can be divided into the following categories:
(1) Narrative Prose
Prose is mainly about writing people's notes. This kind of prose gives a concrete and outstanding description and portrayal of people and things, expresses the author's understanding and feelings at the same time, and also has a strong lyrical component, with full feelings between the lines. Narrative prose focuses on reflecting the essence of things from the development and changes of narrative characters and events, with factors such as time, place, characters and events, selecting themes from one angle and expressing the author's thoughts and feelings. For example, Mr Fujino by Lu Xun, Remember a Spinning Wheel by Wu Boxiao, and Remember Mother by Zhu De. According to the different emphases of this kind of prose, it can be divided into note prose and writer prose.
Notes-based prose takes the development of events as a clue and emphasizes the narrative nature of events. It can be a story with a beginning and an end, such as "Peanut" by Xu Dishan, or it can be several fragments, such as "From Baicaoyuan to Santan Yinyue" by Lu Xun. The author's sincere feelings are poured into the narrative, which is the most remarkable difference from the novel narrative.
People-oriented prose, the whole article is people-centered. It often grasps the character characteristics of the characters, makes a rough outline, and emphasizes the basic temperament, personality and mental outlook of the characters, such as Mr. Fujino in Lu Xun's works. Whether the characters are real or not is the difference between them and novels.
(2) Lyric prose
Prose that focuses on expressing the author's thoughts and feelings. Zhao Xinjian's Moonlight over the Lotus Pond [1] is a kind of prose that narrates and describes concrete things, but it usually doesn't run through the whole story, and its outstanding feature is strong lyricism. It is either straightforward or touching, full of poetry and painting, even if it describes natural scenery, it also gives profound social content and thoughts and feelings. Excellent lyric prose has sincere feelings and vivid language, and often uses symbols and analogies to visualize ideas, which has strong artistic appeal. For example, Mao Dun's Praise of Poplar, Wei Wei's Farewell, Zhu Ziqing's Moonlight on the Lotus Pond and Bing Xin's Praise of Cherry Blossoms.
(3) Writing landscape prose
Prose mainly depicting scenery. Most of these articles express their feelings while describing the scenery, or express their feelings through the scenery, or indulge in the scenery, grasp the characteristics of the scenery, use the method of changing the scenery in the order of spatial transformation, and take the observed changes as the context of the full text. Vivid scenery description can not only explain the background and render the atmosphere, but also set off the thoughts and feelings of the characters and better express the theme. For example, Liu's Three Gorges of the Yangtze River.
(4) Philosophical prose
Philosophy is the understanding of feelings, the spark of thoughts, the condensation of thoughts and the crystallization of wisdom. It runs through ancient and modern times, across China and foreign countries, embraces the world, penetrates the society of life, stays in the parents of life and flashes in the field of thinking. Smart authors are good at grasping the flash of philosophy and writing rich and thought-provoking beautiful articles in the form of pen and ink. Reciting such beautiful prose often can naturally be enlightened, edified, baptized and sublimated in a subtle way. This internalization is undoubtedly great. Philosophical prose participates in the truth of life with various images, thus revealing the eternal similarity between all things. Because of its profundity and spiritual penetration, it gives us a shocking aesthetic effect of penetrating into the essence through phenomena and revealing the inside story and thoughts of things. Grasp the way of thinking embodied in philosophical prose and experience the profound cultural connotation and accumulation contained in philosophical prose. 1. Symbolic thinking in philosophical prose: Philosophical prose constitutes a symbolic expression of ontology, because it transcends the meaning of daily experience and its own natural physical attributes. It abandons shallowness, but reaches the state of empathy with people's thoughts and resonance with life and gas field. We get rational awakening and carefree spirit from symbols, from the peace of mind to the tremor of the soul, which goes beyond the general emotional response and stays at the top of the spirit. 2. Associative thinking of philosophical prose: Because philosophical prose is a three-dimensional and comprehensive thinking system, after association, the connotation of the article is richer, not thin, and nature, society and life are integrated. 3. Emotional thinking of philosophical prose: Philosophical prose is essentially a dependence of ideological expression on emotion. Because the author has emotional participation in the process of understanding life, and the result of understanding is the fusion of emotion and imagination, the thoughts in philosophical prose are not ordinary dry discussions, but thoughts containing life emotions and full of aesthetic emotional juice. Read the depth of the soul from between the lines of philosophical prose and understand the original meaning of life. This is the artistic beauty of philosophical prose.
[Edit this paragraph] Main features
1. The shape is scattered but the spirit is not scattered
"Form and dispersion" mainly means that prose is widely used and free, and is not limited by time and space; Expression techniques are not limited to one pattern: it can describe the development of events, describe characters, convey feelings with things, and make comments. The author can freely adjust and change according to the needs of the content. "Distraction" mainly comes from the intention of prose, that is, the theme to be expressed in prose must be clear and concentrated, no matter how extensive the content of prose is and how flexible the expression is, it serves to better express the theme.
In order to be scattered in shape but not in spirit, we should pay attention to the internal relationship between materials and central ideas in material selection, so that materials can run through an organic whole with certain clues in structure. Common clues in prose are: (1) taking things with profound or symbolic significance as clues; ⑵ Taking the "I" in the works as a clue and "I" as a clue, because I wrote what I saw, heard, thought and felt, and Kan Kan and Kan Kan talked freely, making readers feel more real, cordial and touching.
2. Deep artistic conception ....
Deep artistic conception, paying attention to expressing the author's life feelings, strong lyricism and sincere feelings.
With the help of imagination and association, the author writes from the superficial to the deep, from the real to the imaginary, in turn, which can integrate feelings into the scenery, send feelings to help each other, express the author's true feelings, realize the unity of things and me, show more profound thoughts and make readers understand more profound truths.
3. Beautiful and concise language, rich in literary talent
The so-called elegance means that the language of prose is fresh, bright and beautiful (also beautiful), lively and full of musical sense, and the writing style is like a trickle, tinkling, telling, sincere and sincere. The so-called conciseness means that the language of prose is concise, natural and fluent. A few words can describe vivid images, outline the scenes of characters and show far-reaching artistic conception. Prose tries to write the scenery as if it were in front of you and the feelings as refreshing.
Prose is known as "beautiful prose", which not only has spiritual views and beautiful artistic conception, but also has fresh, meaningful and unpretentious literary talent. Reading some good essays regularly can not only enrich knowledge, broaden horizons and cultivate noble thoughts and sentiments, but also learn the skills of selecting materials, planning layout, choosing words and making sentences, and improve your language expression ability.
narrate
Narrative Narrative is an article used to describe things. Time, people, place, cause, process and result are the six elements of narrative. The description of an object is about its motion state, shape or change.
Narrative is mainly narrative, but it is often described, lyrical and argumentative. It is a diverse and flexible style!
Narrative is to describe personal feelings and experiences to readers through vivid language.
Narrative includes a wide range, such as taking notes, diaries, travel notes, legends, news, newsletters, novels and so on. , all belong to the category of narrative.
Narrative is about what you see in your life, and you should express the author's true feelings about life.
Generally speaking, an article with narrative and description as its main form of expression is called narrative.
However, narrative writing is accompanied by appropriate comments and natural lyricism.
Narrative can be divided into broad sense and narrow sense.
Narrative in a broad sense includes narrative literary works, such as essays and novels.
In a narrow sense, narrative refers to a kind of articles that describe and describe the modal changes and development of people, events, scenes and things in social life, such as news, communications, feature stories, reportage, travel notes, diaries, interviews, memoirs and some letters.
Because the narrative is about what we see and hear in our life, we must express the author's true feelings about life.