Original text:
The flowers of land and water plants are very fragrant. Tao Jinyuan clearly loves chrysanthemums. Since Li Tang came, people all over the world have loved peonies. Love lotus alone, dirt-free, clear but not demon. Straight outside, not crawling, fragrant and clear. It is slim and elegant, so you can look at it from a distance without looking ridiculous. Want to call chrysanthemum, the hermit of flowers; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers. Hey! The love of chrysanthemum flowers is rarely heard after Tao; Who gave the lotus love? Peony love is suitable for many people.
Translation:
There are many herbs and woody flowers on water and land that are worth loving. Tao Yuanming only loves chrysanthemums in Jin Dynasty. Since the Tang Dynasty, people all over the world have loved peony very much. I only like that the lotus grows from the sludge but is not polluted by the sludge, and it doesn't look seductive after being washed with clear water. Its stem is through in the middle, and its shape is straight, without branches and branches. The fragrance spreads farther and farther, the more beautiful it is. It is straight and clean, so people can see them from a distance, but they can't play with it nearby. In my opinion, chrysanthemum is a hermit in flowers; There are many peonies in the flowers; Furong is a noble gentleman. Alas! The exclamation point is used here as an auxiliary word to emphasize the tone. ) The love for chrysanthemums was rarely heard after Tao Yuanming. Who else likes lotus as much as I do? There should be many people who love peony.
2. China's ancient poems about memory and poems expressing feelings with poems.
Poetry refers to a kind of poetry in which the poet does not directly express his thoughts and feelings, but uses symbols, enthusiasm and other means to integrate his ideals and personality into something concrete. So, what kind of characteristics should a good poem have to express its ambition?
First of all, since it is an object-chanting poem, of course, it is necessary to be able to realistically write the characteristics of the object being sung, go deep into it, and capture the charm and character of the object, that is, to be "like an elf." For example, Minister Zheng Sixiao painted chrysanthemums at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty:
Flowers bloom without falling, and the interest of independent hedging is not bad.
It is better to hold incense in the branches and wait for death than to blow it into the north wind.
Chrysanthemum is independent, fragrant, lonely, vain, and disdains to associate with "flowers". It insists on moral integrity, and Ao Shuang is in full bloom, radiant and full of interest. The chrysanthemum here has a certain charm, and at the same time, the chrysanthemum is the poet's self-portrayal, and the corresponding "hundred flowers" is an allusion to those condescending and official Steven Song genera.
The 342nd poem is translated into Zhu's poem "I would rather hold my head and grow old than dance with the west wind and yellow leaves", which depicts in detail the tenacious spirit of chrysanthemum that would rather die with fragrance than give in to the north wind and fall to the ground, perfectly embodying its loyalty, honesty and shame, and the noble spirit of "I would rather be a broken jade than a full tile". The "north wind" here is a pun, literally referring to the whistling north wind in nature, but actually a metaphor for the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty from the north. Although they destroyed the Southern Song Dynasty by powerful force, they could not conquer the lonely ministers like poets. With the theme of chanting chrysanthemums, the poet used anthropomorphic techniques to chant chrysanthemums and write people, and expressed his feelings by praising chrysanthemum's indomitable character.
Secondly, when appreciating the poems describing the object, we should pay attention to the author's feelings for the things described.
For example, the following Lyrics of Lime was written by Yu Qian at the age of 17:
It can only be extracted from the deep mountains after being struck by thousands of hammers. It regards the burning of the burning fire as a very common thing.
I'm not afraid of broken bones and mud corpses. I want to stay in this world.
The first sentence of the poem is difficult to write lime, and the powerful words contain the profound meaning that it takes a lot of effort to train talents. The second sentence shows that Lyme is fearless in the face of difficulties and takes his time in the face of changes, and also reflects the character of Yu Qian, a teenager who is not afraid of difficulties and obstacles. In the third sentence, the poet once again fully demonstrated Lyme's lofty spirit of not being afraid of being crushed to pieces and his virtue of being willing to die through personification. Similarly, it also shows the poet's heroic feelings of not being afraid of sacrifice and dying. The last sentence of the poem, "I want to leave my youth on earth", is the end and destination of the first three sentences and the crowning touch of the whole poem. The key to Lyme's singing as always lies in his ambition of "keeping the world innocent", which is also the poet's ambition and ideal. We can say that the author writes lime in every sentence and writes his own sentences.
Furthermore, we should pay attention to analyzing the writing skills of chanting poems. Different techniques can often reflect the depth of integration between the content of singing and the poet's self-image.
Such as "Chrysanthemum" written by Huang Chao after his last visit:
Waiting for September 8 of the lunar autumn,
Blooming chrysanthemums are in full bloom, Chang 'an is fragrant, the city is bathed in the fragrance of chrysanthemums-Italy, and the land is like golden chrysanthemums.
The author affectionately called "Chrysanthemum" "My Flower", apparently as a symbol of the oppressed people. Then, the corresponding "letting a hundred flowers blossom" is naturally a metaphor for the reactionary and decadent feudal ruling group.
The third and fourth sentences in the poem describe the magnificent scene of chrysanthemum in full bloom, "Tianxiang permeates Chang 'an, and the whole city is covered with golden armor". The whole Chang 'an city is full of golden chrysanthemums, which exudes a thick fragrance and infiltrates the sky. This is the world of chrysanthemums, the kingdom of chrysanthemums and the grand festival of chrysanthemums. The profundity of thought, the strangeness of imagination, the novelty of metaphor, the splendor of rhetoric and the breadth of artistic conception are unprecedented. Because of this, the chrysanthemum in the author's works has changed the static beauty of quiet and elegant in the past, showing a kind of dynamic beauty that is rough and bold and full of fighting atmosphere. It is neither an "isolated symbol" nor just a bunch of "chrysanthemums", but the flowers in the city are in full bloom, occupying the whole of Qiu Guang and emitting a strong fighting fragrance, so it is described as "fragrant array". Therefore, this poem, regardless of artistic conception, image, language and technique, has the characteristics of "strangeness", which makes people read the tall image of lyric poets in the poem, which is refreshing and refreshing.
3. In China's classical poem "Ailian Shuo", the flowers of land, water and vegetation in Song, Zhou and Dunyi are very sweet.
Tao Jin Yuanming loves chrysanthemums alone; Since Li Tanglai, the world loves Mu Dan; Love lotus alone, dirt-free, clear but not demon. Straight outside, not crawling, fragrant and clear. It is graceful and quiet, but it doesn't look ridiculous from a distance. Want to call chrysanthemum, the hermit of flowers; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers.
Hey! The love of chrysanthemum flowers is rarely heard after Tao; Lotus love, who is the giver; Peony love is suitable for all ages. In Gu's Jing Wei, everything is unfair, so why bother? An inch long, holding the wood forever. I am willing to calm the East China Sea, but I will not change my mind.
There is no peace in the sea, and the heart is endless. Oh! Can't you see that there are many birds in the western hills, and magpies come to nest in Yan.
4. There is an urgent need to appreciate 20 ancient poems that express feelings or borrow scenery to express feelings (120 cicada in Shinan)
Drops of water become pearls and dew, and the sound of running water is like sparse tung.
Speak from a distance, don't take advantage of the autumn wind.
Xiangjiang River in Shen Yan
Lament over the past, the scene is still in the garden.
This spring, birds singing and flowers fragrant triggered my sadness in the frontier.
Lonely compassion, Beijingers fleeing south
Unlike Xiangjiang River, which flows north.
Teng's poem Wang Bo
Wang Teng Linjiang Zhu and Ming Luan went dancing.
The painted building faces Nanpu Cloud, and the bead curtain rolls up the rain in the western hills at dusk.
The shadow of the idle cloud pool is long, and things change for a few years.
Where is the emperor in the cabinet today? Outside the threshold, the Yangtze River flows by itself.
Meet Zhang Jiuling.
Delicate orchid leaves in spring and bright osmanthus fragrans in autumn.
Like life, they are self-contained, which makes them adapt to the seasons.
However, why do you think that a forest hermit, attracted by the sweet wind, is content with beauty?
Won't it be more demanding to be transplanted than any other natural flower?
If the spring boat doesn't dive on the cliff lake.
Deliberate joy has no end, no matter what happens, I will continue.
And my boat and I, before the evening breeze, skimmed the flowers and entered the lake.
At dusk, I turned to the valley to the west, where I could see the southern star on the other side of the mountain.
The mist rose and circled softly, and the low moon slanted through the Woods.
I choose to put aside all worldly things and just be an old man with a fishing rod. ..
A letter from my cabin in Wangchuan to Pei Di Wang Wei.
The mountain is cold and blue now, and the autumn water has flowed for a day.
At the door of my thatched cottage, leaning on my cane, I listened to the cicadas singing in the evening breeze.
Sunset sets at the ferry, and midnight snack smoke wafts out of the house.
Oh, when will I make a wish to the great hermit again and sing a wild poem under five willows? .
Xiangsi Wang Wei
When those red berries come in spring, they flush on your southern branches.
I suggest you collect more as a symbol of our love.
Li Bai, a scholar with difficulty in Shu Dao
Whoa, whoa, whoa! High risk! Such a trip is more difficult than climbing the blue sky.
Until the two rulers of this area forced their way through in the foggy age!
Forty-eight thousand years have passed. Don't talk to Qin Sai.
In Dabaishan, to the west, there is still only one bird path that can cross Emei.
Once it was broken by an earthquake, some brave people lost it, and then the ladder stone pile was hooked.
On the high flag, six dragons drive the sun, and far below, the river lashes its twisted channel.
Such a height is difficult for a yellow crane, poor monkey, they only have claws to use.
Green clay mountain is made up of many circles! A hundred paces and ninety twists wrap around rocks.
Panting, we passed Orion, passed Jingxing, and then fell to the ground with our arms folded and groaned.
We wonder if this road to the west will never end, and the terrible road ahead is getting darker and darker, even darker.
Nothing can be heard except the cries of birds surrounded by ancient forests. The male bird rotates smoothly and follows the female bird.
Jathyapple, what comes to us is the melancholy voice of Du Fu, a sad empty mountain.
This kind of trip is more difficult than climbing the blue sky, and even hearing it will make your cheeks pale.
The highest cliff is less than a foot from heaven, and the withered pine trees hang low on the cliff surface.
One thousand waterfalls rushed forward one after another, sending out the thunder of rotating stones in ten thousand valleys.
All these dangers follow. Why do people who live at a safe distance come here? !
Although the pass of the watchtower is strong and steep, one person guards it and ten thousand people can't beat it.
What if he is not loyal, but a wolf to his companions? .
There are scary hungry tigers during the day and poisonous reptiles at night. With their teeth and fangs, they kill like hemp.
Although the Silk City is beautiful, I'd rather go home soon.
Such a trip is more difficult than climbing the blue sky. Look at the west obliquely and ask for advice!
5. Write an original text in classical Chinese to express things. Ailian said. (Song) Zhou Dunyi
The flowers of land and water plants are very fragrant. Tao Jin Yuanming loves chrysanthemums alone; Since Li Tang came, people all over the world love peony. Love lotus alone, dirt-free, clear but not demon. Straight outside, not crawling, fragrant and clear. It is graceful and quiet, but it doesn't look ridiculous from a distance. Want to call chrysanthemum, the hermit of flowers; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers. Hey! The love of chrysanthemum flowers is rarely heard after Tao; Lotus love, who is the giver; Peony love is suitable for many people.
Translation:
Flowers of all kinds of vegetation on the water and on the ground are lovely. Tao Yuanming in Jin Dynasty only liked chrysanthemums. Since the Tang Dynasty, people all over the world like peony very much. I only like lotus flowers-lotus flowers grow out of mud, but they are not polluted by mud; Wash with clear water, but it doesn't look enchanting; (Its stem) is hollow inside and straight outside, without (winding) vines and (also) without (escape) branches; The fragrance spreads far, making it more fragrant; It stands upright and is clean in the water. You can see it from a distance, but you can't play at close range. I think chrysanthemum is a hermit in flowers, peony is a rich one in flowers, and lotus is a gentleman in flowers. Alas! Tao Yuanming seldom heard of this hobby of chrysanthemum after that. Who else is like me for the love of lotus? Of course, there are many people who love peony!
6. Seeking some ancient prose "Humble Room Inscription" with profound artistic conception, expressing ambition and metaphor, written by Liu Yuxi, a writer in the Tang Dynasty. The article shows the author's attitude towards life, which is not to go along with the common customs, to lead an honest and clean life, and not to seek fame and fortune. It expresses the author's noble and proud moral integrity and reveals the author's poverty and happiness. "Ming" is an ancient word engraved on an object, which is used to warn yourself or state achievements. It's called Ming.
The mountain is not high, and the fairy is famous.
The water is not deep, and the dragon is the spirit.
I am a humble room, but I am virtuous.
The moss on the stage is green, and the curtain grass is green.
There is no Ding Bai who laughs and has a university.
You can tune the pipa and read Jin Dian.
There is no confusion, and there is no complicated form.
Zhuge Lu in Nanyang and Ting Yun Pavilion in West Shu.
Kong Ziyun: What's wrong?
7. I need a meaningful ancient text. It's an ancient prose that Yang Hui can write. Liu Zi is going out. If a car passes by, he will say to me, "If you know, why are you walking in the world?" Attack with good material, the outer circle is inside. If the material is not good, it will be bad quickly; If you don't attack, you will lose quickly. If it's not square, it won't fit. If it's not round, it's stuffy and stagnant. The so-called square box is also the so-called round wheel. If the robber box is dead, the robber wheel will not be drawn. What about my son? "said," of course. "
He said: "It's a car story, not many cars. I will tell my son a lot about cars. Ze and Yao, Mountain and Yi, Up and Light, Down and Xuan and Tuo. Auspicious and broad-minded, leather and long hub with halberd, nest with hope, security with love for the elderly, covered with shackles, hanging and carrying 12 shackles, taking the temple as the suburb to Chen Yuting, also the same. But it is important to keep good materials and attack good materials, which is also outside the west. It is such a comfortable man's box, the wheel of a man who reaches out and walks, the shaft of a constant man, the flea of a man who is arrested. It is long and flexible, and it is not a crime to enter a horse, but it is not a crime to return a man's shaft. However, it is covered by the summer heat and rain, respected and subdued by Ma Ruoniu, served and restrained by Ma Ruoniu, and then it is a tool for many cars.
Today's Yang is also a forest of benevolence and righteousness, with good products. Teaching the ancient road is an ancient word, but it is the first, and it is also an offense to work. If the fruit can recover its volume, it will circulate once, keeping the large and medium ones moving from the outside without changing the inner axis. If it's a flea, it's appropriate to introduce it. If it's a shaft, it's far from pollution. If it's covered, it's safe, secure, relaxed and beneficial. It's all about cars. The word "Poetry" says: "Four women are full, and six women are like a harp." Confucius said, "The six officials are on the left and the law enforcement is on the right." This is to achieve great politics. The kindness of mortals cannot be constant. Good quality, poor use, not round. When Confucius worked hard in his hometown, he was as good as a tiger and would agree when he met a tiger. But when he was in Oracle bones, he didn't scare animals and dogs like Qi Hou. If those who learn from Confucius later do not aspire to it, then I have no hope. "
Teaching me is also good, and growing well is one of them. I really think it is a heavy responsibility, walking in the world, but I am afraid that the other party can't arrive, so I say give the car away.
8. Ailian Shuo, a classical Chinese writing aimed at expressing personal wishes, was written by Song Dunyi.
The flowers of land and water plants are very fragrant. Tao Jin Yuanming loves chrysanthemums alone; Since Li Tanglai, the world loves Mu Dan; Love lotus alone, dirt-free, clear but not demon. Straight outside, not crawling, fragrant and clear. It is graceful and quiet, but it doesn't look ridiculous from a distance. Want to call chrysanthemum, the hermit of flowers; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers. Hey! The love of chrysanthemum flowers is rarely heard after Tao; Lotus love, who is the giver; Peony love is suitable for many people.
Gu's jingwei
Everything is unfair, so why bother? An inch long, holding the wood forever. I am willing to calm the East China Sea, but I will not change my mind. There is no peace in the sea, and the heart is endless. Oh! Can't you see that there are many birds in the western hills, and magpies come to nest in Yan.