language
This paper is ***8 pages, 150 points. The test duration is 150 minutes. Candidates must answer the answers on the answer sheet, and the answers on the test paper are invalid. After the exam, return this paper together with the answer sheet.
1. This big question has ***5 small questions, each with 3 points, *** 15 points.
1. In the following words, the pronunciation of glyphs and braille is correct.
A. A zebra crossing, a lake separated from night soil (pū), a column (jóng) days.
B. Eat hard, stick and drum harp (biān), violent and willful (zuι).
C. If you are silent, you will be embarrassed.
D. Documentary is backward, respectful, absurd (mi) and disastrous (héng).
2. Which of the following sentences is suitable for adding idioms?
A. Due to the poor overall strength, despite the superstar Marbury, the Beijing men's basketball team was swept by the dark horse Shandong men's basketball team this season, stopping in the semi-finals, failing to repeat the same mistakes and winning the finals again.
B. Weibo has become a new marketing method. Home appliance companies that like and dare to adopt early adopters have set foot in one after another, and consumers are full of interest in this way. At that time, the marketing momentum of home appliances in Weibo was great.
C. Facing the problem of drinking water difficulties for residents, relevant departments should consult with each other, use their brains, take active actions, and come up with practical solutions as soon as possible. The interests of the masses are no small matter, not to mention the difficulty of drinking water.
D. Journalists are sensitive to news, which shows that they have keen and agile observation, can capture shadows in complex social phenomena, and quickly and accurately reflect the mainstream and essence of real life.
3. In the following sentences, it is well chosen.
A. Building and developing an aircraft carrier requires not only strategic determination and confidence, but also a sound national defense industrial system. To put it bluntly, this is the embodiment of a country's comprehensive national strength and an indispensable national defense weapon for a big country.
B. Whether the government can separate government from enterprise requires not only the government to overcome the impulse of excessive intervention and control the "visible hand", but also the enterprises to change their business ideas, establish a modern enterprise system and form a benign market competition environment.
C. Green printing refers to the use of environmentally friendly materials and processes, resulting in less pollution in the printing process, saving resources and energy, easy recovery and recycling of waste printed matter, natural degradation and little impact on the ecological environment.
D traditional festivals in China are rich in historical and cultural connotations, and play an important role in improving people's cultural quality, maintaining social morality, enhancing national cohesion and carrying out patriotic education.
4. The words corresponding to the following couplets are all correct.
(1) When Qi is four hours, heaven, earth, moon and ghosts and gods are in their virtue; Teaching is eternal, the teacher after Tang.
(2) Thousands of hectares of lakes are sad to go to the country; A river that belongs to the people of Sri Lanka through the ages.
3 I don't know much about the article, but I understand this heart and wash away the glitz; If there is a clear sound in the mountains and rivers, there must be three ways to go back and forth.
(4) Worship Tang father and son, three gentlemen's articles compete with the Northern Song Dynasty, and the Central Plains public does not see his hand; Looking at the rolling river, a generation of people are surprisingly unique, and the scenery here is fascinating.
(5) The translation was unsuccessful, and I was shocked to hear the meteorite. Who led the crying in China? Mr. Wang has passed away, recalling the past rain, and the literary world has been at a loss since then.
A. Confucius, Qu Yuan, Tao Yuanming, "Three Sows" and Lu Xun
B Mencius, Qu Yuan, Tao Yuanming, "San Cao" and Guo Moruo
C. Confucius Bai Juyi Xie Lingyun "Three Sus" Lu Xun
D. Mencius Bai Juyi Xie Lingyun "Three Caos" Guo Moruo
5. Which of the following words and sentences has the most appropriate meaning and cohesion?
Once upon a time, on the Jinlianchuan grassland in Lan Qi, Inner Mongolia, Yuandang was the capital of the Yuan Dynasty. ②20 12 was officially listed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO on June 29th. Its historical and cultural value is gradually being explored, and its tourism resources are being further developed.
The remains of this grassland capital were famous in the world seven centuries ago.
B.① Stand up ② Dig the ruins of this grassland capital that was famous in the world seven centuries ago.
The ruins of this grassland capital were famous in the world seven centuries ago. ③ Digging.
D.① Stand erect ② This grassland capital site, which was famous in the world seven centuries ago ③ Excavate.
Second, this big topic ***4 small questions, each small question 3 points, *** 12 points. Read the following classical Chinese and complete questions 6-9.
In February, I will climb Huangshan Mountain and rest in Taoyuan Temple. It's almost evening, and it's raining in Mao Mao ○ 1. There are no people in the four mountains, and the water in Bailongtan is like hanging water. I enjoy it. Wu Shuo, who was traveling with him, said, "At this moment, I am getting along with one or two expensive people, peeling and pecking at the door of money. Is it the voice of the empty valley? " Suddenly the fence fell down, there was a rustling sound and the fangs were very special. Then Shao Youqing and his uncle Liang Qing made a fuss. He bowed down again and said, "The two of us stayed in Baiyue to eat, so we couldn't reach it. Now we have to chase the staff here. " They all write poems for righteousness. The next day, I climbed the mountain to rest in Wen Shu Hospital. When I arrived, I said, "Liang Qingpu is not convenient to board the plane. When I arrived in Himeji, I stopped there. Looking at the top of Tiandu Peak tomorrow, like an old man climbing Lotus Peak, with a wisp of white smoke as his letter, he shook his hand and smiled. "
The rest of the words were attributed to the dust: "Xin 'an City is like a sea of smoke, and it has won two Shao Jun. Just looking for makeup is not enough, and it will become a beautiful talk one day. When asked about Sauer's poems, Yu Yue said, "What's the point of an ancient poet writing other people's poems without writing other people's poems?" ? "? One man's poem is another man's poem. He looks for a few lines of ink, but he loves flowers and leaves, which still has nothing to do with poetry. Poetry is a person's love poems, shaping poems, clothes and laughter, all of which are poems. Between me and Ziyouxiang Village and Yaogu, there is no way for mountains and rivers to be suspicious, and there is another village, and green shoes and socks stand out in the dust. In the ground, I wear smoke and smoke, and I am chasing with crutches. There is a poem that says,' The clear snow is full of bamboo, and the fishing boat is separated from the stream. As jade, you can wander around looking for a secluded place. "My second meeting with Yu Shao is also a reflection of the sage cloud, which is obviously in my mind. It is called a poet. Visiting Zhishan, I didn't see peach blossoms like fans, bamboo leaves like hats, and pine flowers like flowers. I got two poets between Xiangcun and Yaogu. My husband studied poetry and my husband studied poets. The income from my visit is extravagant. " Qu Chen told me: "It is a comfort for young people to seek order and reason, marry a woman and rent a boat to cross Yushan." Yu Yue: "Promise." So this book is orderly.
Young skin looks very thin, such as feathers and humanity. His poems are less auspicious, and later he studied in Xiangshan. His spine is clear and stable, and it needs to be cut and peeled. Anyone who can write poetry in the sea knows that the rest is not listed.
(According to Qian's Preface to Shao Youqing's Poems)
Note: ○1○ ○: mà i mú the light rain continues. ○2 Hanging: Rainwater flows down from the eaves. Slip away, Lee.
6. In the following statements, the explanation of the added words is incorrect.
A. take care of yourself: look back
I will stay in the grain depot for two days: get ready.
C. Heel to heel: follow
D. Eating all food is the opposite: "going back" and going back.
7. In the following groups of statements, the groups with the same meaning and usage as the added words are
Everyone writes his poems for correctness, and then his love poems are also people.
A.B.
I often cover my body with wings, which is the grand view of Yueyang Tower.
There is no way to express the meaning of the holy land.
C.D.
What the Tao keeps, what the teacher keeps, nothing ventured, nothing gained.
8. The following sentences are filled with words in brackets. What does not conform to the meaning after filling is
A. (Yu) An
B.i'm going after the staff here today.
C. Ask Sauer about his poems.
D. fortunately, there is comfort (me)
9. The following understanding and analysis, does not conform to the meaning of a is
A. The author visited Huangshan Mountain and encountered rainy weather on the way. He lived in Yu Taohua Temple, where he met Shao Youqing.
B Shao Liangqing only went to Jigong Temple for physical reasons, and Shao Youqing was not going to climb again after he arrived at Wenshuyuan.
C. In the dialogue with Chen De, the author explained the theory of "poetizing people" and called Sauer a real poet.
D. Knowing Shao Youqing's sincerity and admiring his temperament and character, the author gladly prefaces his poems.
Three, this big topic ***5 small questions, ***24 points.
10. Translate the above sentences with wavy lines into modern Chinese. (4 points)
There is no poem in clothes and laughter.
(2) so this book thought order.
Read the words below and complete the questions 1 1 and 12.
Linjiang county xinzhouzuo
Chao Bu Zhi (1)
Jiangcheng has no house to buy, and the remnant monks and wild temples live together. Water is scarce everywhere, while Yun Qi is sitting ducks.
A secluded bird (2) does something, is drunk and cries bitterly, and the moon in the west courtyard is slanting, the more sad it is. Castle peak is infinitely good, and there is no return.
Note: ○ 1 Chao: poet of the Northern Song Dynasty. This word was written by the author when he was demoted to supervise Xinzhou liquor tax, and the word "Jiangcheng" was Xinzhou. ○2 Wandering bird: refers to cuckoo, also known as Zigui.
1 1. The following are incorrect in understanding and appreciation (3 points).
A. When the author of the first two sentences was in Xinzhou, the material conditions were difficult: he had no money to buy a house, so he had to live with a monk in a secluded wild temple.
B The phrase "pine house" depicts a picture of seclusion in the forest from a dynamic perspective: collecting broken medicine every day and drying clothes in a bamboo house.
C. The three sentences of "one" write one's own state of mind from the wandering birds, and the words "bitterness" and "sadness" directly express the state of mind of being banished from a foreign land.
D in the last two sentences, the author uses the cuckoo's cry to express his urgent homesickness, which is novel, ingenious, implicit and meaningful.
12. The phrase "water poverty" comes from the poem "Water stops me and watches Yun Qi" in Wang Wei's "I will rest in Zhongnanshan". Try to compare their different feelings. (4 points)
After middle age, I have a strong kind heart, and I didn't settle down at the edge of Mount Zhongnan until my later years. Interest concentration is often unique to play and have a happy thing to enjoy self-appreciation.
Sometimes go to the end of the water to seek the source, or sit and watch the ever-changing clouds rise. Occasionally I met a village elder in the Woods, and I chatted with him until I often forgot to go home.
-Wang Wei's "My retreat in Zhongnanshan"
13. Underline the following paragraph with a slash (/). (5 points)
I'm so glad that candle Zou is the main bird and death. Public anger, call the officials to kill them. Yan Zi said, "Candle Zou has three sins. It can be said that it is a sin to count it if called, and to say that Candle Zou is my monarch bird. And let my monarch kill people for birds. It is also a sin to let the princes know that I value birds and despise people. Killing candle Zou is also a crime. " The duke said, "Don't kill me, I have heard about my fate."
(According to "Yanzi Chunqiu")
14. Write the original sentence in the horizontal line. (4 questions only) (8 points)
(1) Your Majesty should also save himself. What more can a husband ask for? He should pursue the posthumous edict of the late emperor. ("Zhuge Liang's Model")
However, despite China's friendship. The child is holding a towel. (Wang Bo's "Farewell to Shu Guan")
Her first guitar note made me sigh. Neither of us is happy-until eternity passes! (Bai Juyi's Pipa Trip)
4 husband! Make the six countries love each other; Who let Qin love the six countries, who won the family destruction? (Du Mu's Epang Palace Fu)
When is the spring flower and autumn moon? . The small building blew eastward again last night. (Li Yu "Yu Meiren")
6. the ground is also! Oh, my God! (Guan Hanqing's Dou Eyuan)
Four, this big topic ***3 small questions, *** 12 points. Read the following article and complete the question 15- 17.
In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the widespread use of paper quickly replaced bamboo slips and silk books and became the first carrier of words. From then to now, for more than two thousand years, when people mention books, the first thing that comes to mind is usually paper books. However, the appearance of e-books in recent ten years has shaken people's ideas in a very short time, making some people worry that it will replace paper books and become the mainstream of text carriers. This kind of worry is actually unnecessary. E-books have their irreplaceable advantages, but it is not realistic to completely replace paper books. The future writing carrier should be the pattern of a hundred flowers blooming. Just as the emergence of online media has impacted the print media, the print media has not completely withdrawn from the market, and newspapers and magazines still exist in large numbers.
For most people, the main purpose of reading is to obtain relevant information or satisfy spiritual pursuit and pleasure. From this point of view, whether readers achieve their goals through paper books or e-books, there is no substantive difference. The main difference lies in the purchase price. For publishers, it is much cheaper to obtain the electronic copyright of a book than the paper copyright. Accordingly, e-books have a natural price advantage. In terms of communication speed, paper books are inferior to e-books. In general, the publication of a paper book usually takes at least a few months, while e-books can be published immediately after the manuscript is completed. The popularity of the Internet also allows e-books to reach the terminal immediately without the restriction of regional differences, unlike paper books, which are subject to traffic and other conditions, increasing time and logistics costs. Online reading is more extensive. When reading an article, readers can quickly find another article or even a series of articles related to it through keywords, instead of searching slowly in front of the bookshelf as before. When encountering an unknown problem, the search function of the network can also solve this problem quickly.
However, despite some advantages, e-books still have their own shortcomings. Since it is an e-book, it should be attached to electronic products for readers to read. However, whether it is a computer or a mobile phone, the reading function is only a part of its various functions. When people read through computers or mobile phones, they are easily distracted by other functions, such as watching movies, playing games and chatting on QQ. To eliminate these interferences, people must return to the traditional way of reading.
Just as the advantages of e-books are beyond the reach of paper books, so are the advantages of paper books. The unique advantage of paper books lies in their authority and credibility. Different from the instant and random information in the form of digital publishing, the topic selection of traditional publications must be repeatedly considered, demonstrated and screened in layers, aiming at screening valuable information worthy of recommendation to readers from the vast amount of materials, so it is quite authoritative. It is this authority that makes paper books have a wide audience and foundation. Moreover, the perfect system of examination, quality inspection and responsibility ensures the quality of paper books from topic selection, examination and processing. This is also what digital publishing lacks. In addition, paper books not only meet the needs of information acquisition, but also have the beauty of paper, printing and emotional charm that e-books can't present, which is also the development trend of paper books in the future-they gradually tend to be artistic and collectible, and completely combine the beauty of vision, paper and printing.
(Adapted from Wei Li's The Way Out of Paper Books, partially deleted)
15. One of the following statements is in line with the context (3 points)
A. Because paper was widely used in the Eastern Han Dynasty and became the first carrier of characters, the earliest paper books appeared at that time.
B whether reading e-books or paper books can meet people's needs for information and spiritual pleasure.
C e-books must be attached to electronic products to read, which leads readers to return to the traditional reading mode.
D. The future development goal of paper books is to pursue their own artistry and collection, not to facilitate readers' reading.
16. Summarize the advantages of e-books and paper books. (4 points)
17. In view of the shortcomings of paper books and e-books, this paper puts forward three suggestions for improvement. (5 points)
Five, this big topic ***4 small questions, ***27 points. Read the following works and complete the question 18-2 1.
Where time accumulates.
Zhu Yisa
I go to various museums several times a year, and the aesthetic value of the collections varies greatly, but one thing is the same, that is, these museums have accumulated too much time. A collection is long enough, and thousands of collections really make people feel immersed in a huge time stream and can't get away.
(2) Most of the lighting in museums is not conducive to visual betting. Many times, in dim light, I enjoyed several pottery figurines of the Han Dynasty, and I was surprised at how their colors were so dim. Some museums don't even turn on the lights. On rainy days, all kinds of antiquities smell of their dynasties in this humid air. The rusty smell of bronze is so cold. They stood there motionless and powerful. They used to be sacrificial vessels, and some big ding bells also represented the hope and prosperity of the country. Now, the traces left by time on their appearance look shallow, but the smell is pervasive. And those porcelains, such as dishes and vases, are always as complete as new, white and delicate, so that time's knife and axe hands can't leave traces, which always makes people feel that their owners will wash them off after using them, and maybe they will come back later. Of course, there are few collections that are always full of youthful atmosphere like porcelain, and most of them are antiques. They didn't come to the museum for long, but they stayed underground for too long, so they dyed the brand-new modern museum in another color.
Museums always write many instructions in polite black letters, but not many people stop to read the comparison for a long time. Most people prefer perceptual knowledge and witness the antiquities emerging from the ground. The more exotic the shape, the more attractive it is. If the shape is dull and its material value is not specified, then the aesthetic value may disappear in our hurried footsteps. Every time I come out of the museum, I always try to count how many things are left in my mind. It's a pity to say that there are so few. If you visit several museums in one day, at night, your mind will be even more confused, and Han, Jin and Tang and Song dynasties are neck and neck.
You don't have to have a panoramic view to come to the museum. Sometimes I don't want to walk around, just sit in the spare chair dedicated to tourists and feel the passage quietly. At this time, it will be more interesting. There are so many things in front of us, some of them are uglier than us, but they are so charming. This is God's preference for them. People are so smart, clever and talented, and have created so many treasures that they can live indefinitely, but it is more difficult for people to prolong their life even a little than to ascend to heaven. Helpless, people can only turn to ghosts and gods for help, and worship and praise the gods who can bless mankind. Although later people clearly realized that it was useless, they still clung to it. It's sad to think that my life is not as good as a fraction of that broken Qin brick Hanwa.
⑤ We usually regard the museum as an educational space, feel the vast territory, rich resources and various categories, and have a passionate love for this ancient country. Years have weathered the picture, but they can't stand the weathering of jinyu porcelain. The spirits of the ancients rose and fell on it, igniting our respect and hope for our ancestors. However, we seldom pay attention to the influence of these ancient objects occupying museum space on our concept of time. After such a long time, we didn't sweat, and we didn't look nervous when we walked out of the museum. This may be because there is too much time in the museum, which makes people feel that time is endless, with infinite past tense and infinite future tense, and the present tense of time is going on leisurely. People don't need to spend too much time in their lives. Life is just a thin layer of rust on the surface of bronze ware. When people walk around in front of these old things, how many people will hang their eyes shyly? People who occupy such a short time love to talk about time over and over again, but they don't know that while talking, a lot of time has passed in vain. No matter how heavy the argument is, it can't keep time. Those jars with wide mouths are never silent. Since we are silent, time seems to forget them and fly by. People can't talk about time, especially in museums. Talking makes us smaller and shorter.
⑥ Museums are constantly increasing and expanding, and they don't cherish treasures, but they are also constantly transported, so that they can pass through the damp on the road of the old century and emerge from the ground, which makes people overwhelmed. They have passed through our hearts for a long time, so that when our eyes touch them and our fingers touch them, we will feel that the past glory is as irresistible as the past, making every ordinary day particularly emotional and concrete.
(Adapted from the author's prose of the same name, partially deleted)
18. The following understanding of the article is incorrect in two places (4 points).
A. I like to enjoy the various collections in the museum under dim light, because this way I can appreciate another unique charm of cultural relics.
B Most visitors don't want to be bound by the written description of the museum, but prefer to judge the aesthetic value of cultural relics by their own intuition.
C. With rich associations and feelings, the author skillfully links the various meanings embodied in the museum with the life of modern people.
D. The writing of the article is exquisite and profound, and the seemingly rambling writing conveys the author's unique discovery and causes readers to think deeply.
E. By describing the process and feelings of the author's visit to the museum, the author's rich psychological activities and complicated life experiences are displayed.
19. How to understand the meaning of the sentence in paragraph (2) "Now, the traces left by time on their appearance look shallow, but the smell is diffuse"? (5 points)
20. Read through the full text and tell me what feelings the museum has brought to the author. (6 points)
2 1. Paragraph 5 of the article says that "no matter how heavy an argument is, it can't keep time". Combined with the text and real life, talk about the feelings this sentence brings to you. Not less than 200 words. (12)
Six, this big question 1 small question, ***60 points.
22. Read the following text and write as required. (60 points)
Student A drew a picture for his deskmate B, which was a monster: the head of a tiger, the body of a pig, the wings of an eagle, the tail of a fish and the legs of a deer. A said to B, "Look! The monster I created! " B said, "This is not creation, but patchwork." A said unconvinced: "Patching together is also a kind of creation!" B said: "Only outstanding people know how to create, and mediocre people can only piece together." ……
Requirements: Write an article of not less than 800 words according to the above materials, self-selected angle, self-selected topic and self-selected style (except poetry).