The author believes that this is an old article, published in the Mustard Seed Garden supplement of "Lanjiang Herald" on January 30, 2015. Since then, the author has written articles such as "Tasting Tea in Ziyan Mountain" and "Several Chronicle Poems of Yu Shi". Xiangxian Yushi was the teacher of Wu Shidao, a famous poet and great scholar in the Southern Song Dynasty. However, people in his hometown knew very little about him, and few people studied him specifically. In fact, in the history of Lanxi, there were not many people who were famous for their poetry and had great reputation in the history of ancient Chinese poetry. Since then, there have only been a few people named Yu Shi and Fang Taigu. Therefore, the author uses the form here to publish it again, in order to attract attention, and may be helpful to promote the culture of Lanxi Poetry Road and understand the local history.
Yu Shi (1247-1320), whose courtesy name was Jieweng and whose nickname was Ziyan, was from Ziyan Township, Lanxi (now Meiwukou, Dongyuan Village, Lingdong Township). In his later years, he moved to the city and was also named Liangxi. Ancient in appearance, strong in spirit, and humorous. In his early years, he admired Wu Gao, a local native of Du family, and later learned poetry and poetry from Wang Ding'an. Wang Ding'an, named Han, was the father of Wang Bai, a famous Neo-Confucianist and one of the Four Beishan Masters. He was engaged in Confucianism and was good at poetry and poetry. Yu Shi was deeply influenced and received the unique biography of his poems. After becoming famous, Yu Shi thought highly of himself and remained in office all his life, focusing on poetry. His poetic style is both vigorous and bold, yet elegant and elegant, making him unique in the poetry world of the Southern Song Dynasty. He was also able to reward the underachievers. Wu Shidao, a great scholar in the early Yuan Dynasty, was his student. After his death, he was buried at the foothills of Guowang Mountain in the north of Dongyuan Village. Today, his descendants are scattered in Dongyuan, Pingyuan, Yanxi, Lingdong Township, Shencun, Shanghua Street, Majian Town, and Zhachuan adjacent to Yanxi. After Yu Shi's death, his disciple Wu Shidao, who was an official in the Ministry of Rites, Liangzhong, collected the posthumous chapters in the third year of Taiding (1326), refined them and eliminated them, and published three volumes of "Selected Poems of Ziyan" for him, with a preface by Mr. Renshan. , and was compiled into "Sikuquanshu". Ji Xiaolan, the chief compiler of "Sikuquanshu", said in the summary of his collection of poems: Yu You's poems were the phoenix among the birds when the Jianghu poets were in vogue. The "Complete Poems of the Song Dynasty" published by Peking University records 209 poems with 174 titles.
Yu Shi’s vigorous and bold poetic style is reflected in his works, such as "Ci Yun Mid-Autumn Festival to the Moon": "The curling stone crushes the autumn cycle, the cup sucks the long whale and the pen pulls the ox. The mountains and rivers of the earth are bright. In the world, the tower of Jiutian Palace is as bright as ever, and the music of the floating toads and osmanthus is still ancient. The clear light from all over the world shines, so there is no need to travel to the top of the sky pillar." Another example is "Answers to the Lords." The poem "Traveling to Beishan" describes the scenery and cultural allusions of Jinhua Beishan: "With a wave of my hand from the top of Jinhua Mountain, I look down at the dust ring and admire the stars." "It is said that sheep were turned to stone to sleep, and there were also plowing fields to drive away deer. Tuas bathtub is still there today. , Who can keep the filial piety ancestral hall? Why don’t you need to live with the red pine nuts? The mountain gate is wide with a smile, who can carry fish and wine with the guests! The beautiful and gentle side is reflected in his home poems, such as "My Family": "For sixty-seven miles of pine shade, there are two or three thatched huts. The slopes are warm with bamboo shoots all year round, and the streams are cold with May flowers. The sound of the spring carries the wind and rain, and the clouds Walking like a dragon and a snake. Who calls it a humble life? There are acres of melons in front of the door.
And the chapters that reflect the suffering of the people who were displaced during the war in the late Song Dynasty and the early Yuan Dynasty include "The Words of the Neighbor" and "The Girl on the Road". Among them, "The Words of a Neighbor" uses the words of a neighbor's old man to describe the hardships of the times: "I work hard in vain, and only eat one meal to fill my mouth. To the east are dozens of houses, and there are no fires. To the west are shabby thatched huts, and Xiao Ran has nothing. "Have you ever heard of ruthless officials demanding rent, robbing chickens, and dogs?" This criticizes the ruthlessness of the ruling class; "The Girl on the Road" writes about the experiences of a helpless woman in the midst of chaos. : "I have a baby at my breast, and I am learning to speak. There is war all over the world, and I know whether I will live or die. Looking back at the end of the world, where is my family?" It describes the sorrow of an orphan girl who has no way to stay with her child. There are many chronicle poems in the author's surviving poems, such as "Ding Chou New Year's Day", "Yimao Cold Food", "Ding Hai Winter Heavy Snow", "Ren Chen Spring Snow", etc., which not only reflect the folk customs and customs of Lanxi countryside at the beginning of the Song Dynasty. Natural landscapes, and records the disasters caused by the war to the people.
Yu Shi had a special liking for Guanxiu, a local sage and poet monk in the late Tang Dynasty. Three of his surviving poems are about him. For example, in "Doushu Temple", there is a special note under the title: "Poetry Monk Dao Na". The poem goes: "A sword in Qiantang leans against the cold frost, and the road to Shu is difficult with thousands of rivers and mountains. Where is the career of Pingbo? Pine nuts fall in the autumn wind in the poetry world." It has always been recited; there are two other poems, "Inscription on Shibi Temple" and "Revisiting Shibi Temple". A small preface is added to the first poem, which describes the scenery of Shibi Temple and the geographical environment of Youbu Town at that time, which was founded by Guanxiu in the Tang Dynasty and still existed more than 700 years ago. The latter poem describes the late Tang Dynasty poet Du Xunhe's visit to Shibi Temple and the former residence of Master Chanyue Guanxiu, as well as the author's admiration for the two poets, leaving precious structural reference and historical basis for later generations to rebuild Shibi Temple.
As for other famous couplets and aphorisms, they can be found everywhere, such as "When spring ends, flowers have no owners, and when the wind comes, leaves come from autumn", "The lonely lamp makes the house rain, the fallen leaves and stone bridges are frosted", and so on. , there are too many to mention, most of them are masterpieces handed down from ancient times that can be sung and sung.
In short, Yu Shi deserves to be the leader among the Jianghu poets of the Southern Song Dynasty. This sage from Lanxi 700 years ago is worthy of our careful study and development.
Remarks: A few years ago, a fellow Baishe guy working in Hangzhou invited me to visit his hometown because Yu Shi’s long poem "Little Rock Pond Source" describes the scenery of his hometown. Poetry Road Lanxi is indispensable for its Taoyuan scenery, but unfortunately due to various reasons, we did not make the trip.
2021.1.5 Shifushan Residence in Huanglong Cave