First, North Korea allowed the transfer of "fugitives". The so-called "fleeing people" refers to a large number of Han Chinese who fled across the border to take refuge in North Korea because Liaodong could not bear the devastation in the late Jin Dynasty. Later, Kim called for severe punishment for these "fugitives" from North Korea. Later, Kim asked North Korea to "expel all Jianghan people and not accept them". North Korea did not do this, but sent these "fugitives into the Ming Dynasty". This caused Hou Jin's dissatisfaction.
Second, North Korea allowed the Ming army to be stationed. Mao Longwen, an officer of the Ming Dynasty, led the Ming army and was stationed in Pidao (present island) of Korea all the year round. "Liao people came to Japan, with hundreds of thousands of people before and after, divided into Tieshan and Sheliang." North Korea also provided economic assistance to Mao Longwen and donated 1 10,000 grains for free. Solved Mao's urgent need. Mao, based in Pidao, constantly attacked the hinterland of the post-Jin Dynasty and harassed the rear of the post-Jin Dynasty, leaving Nurhachi on pins and needles.
The relationship between Nurhachi and North Korea has deteriorated extremely, and solving the contradictions between the two sides by force has been put on the agenda.
Less than half a year after Tian Conghan ascended the throne, Huang Taiji was determined to send troops to attack North Korea and solve his worries.
In the first year of Tiancong (1627), on the eighth day of the first month, Huang Taiji ordered 30,000 troops including Baylor A Min, Baylor Giralang, Azig and Dudu to leave for North Korea. Huang taiji Yu Yue:
North Korea has been convicted repeatedly in China, and it is reasonable to condemn it. However, this trip is not exclusive to North Korea.
Mao Ming Longwen, near another island, leaned against the hut and the rebels, so the whole trip was levied.
If North Korea is desirable, then accept it.
The purpose of Huang taiji is to kill two birds with one stone, one is North Korea and the other is Mao Longwen, which means "kill two birds with one stone". The following is the marching schedule for Baylor A Min and other troops to conquer Korea.
On the 13th day of the first month, the army vanguard entered the border area, and the company commanders led 80 people to attack the Ming army post in the dark. The army entered Korea.
On the fourteenth day of the first month, by night, the army approached Yizhou City in North Korea, set up a ladder and stormed the castle. Batulu Aituan led the elite troops of the Eight Banners to attack the city first, and then there were 80 general company commanders who bravely marched forward and successively occupied Yizhou City. He killed the prefect and others, and the judge Cui committed suicide, wiped out the ranks in the city and captured the residents in the city. That night, an adventurous attack on Mao's Tieshan in North Korea killed countless Ming troops, and Mao fled to Pidao, which was "unsuccessful".
On the fifteenth day of the first month, eight ministers and a thousand soldiers were sent to defend Yizhou. The army attacked Dingzhou in North Korea, killed Qi Xie, the deputy envoy of Xuanchuan, and captured Jin Yong, a priest in Dingzhou "as much as possible".
On the 18th day of the first month, the army went to Guoshancheng to recruit officers and men. If the officers and men don't surrender, they will be conquered. Captured the county magistrate Park Youjian alive and destroyed his team. "No one in our army was injured." "One member was captured alive, one member was stationed and three members were guerrillas."
On the 19th of the first month, four ministers and 500 soldiers were sent to stay in Guo Shancheng. The army crossed the Jiashan River from Dingzhou and entered the camp, ready to March into Pyongyang, the former residence of korean king.
On the 20th day of the first month, the army arrived at the gates of Anzhou and refused to surrender. At this point, A Min felt a little short of troops, and quickly sent someone back to Shenyang to report the military situation, asking him to send troops to Yizhou to protect food and deploy troops to advance. Huang taiji was overjoyed when he heard the news, and immediately issued an imperial edict: "Since you are between the lines, you should look up to God to protect your reputation and accept everything according to the order. If there is a person who asks for life, the public will agree to send an envoy to play, and I will decide according to the performance. " Give them the decision to "do things cheaply". So, I decided to attack Anzhou tomorrow.
At dawn on the 21st day of the first month, Anzhou captured the city. Slaughter the viceroy Zhang Huan, deputy viceroy Quan Shangyi and viceroy An Tunan. "Anzhou shepherds make Jin Jun, soldiers make Nanxing, and they are willing to go through fire and water." The residents of the city and the soldiers stationed in the army settled down separately. The army rested for four days in Anzhou to prepare for the battle.
1 26, the army arrived in Pyongyang. "The military attache in China and the soldiers and civilians in the city are hiding."
Baylor, a sensitive army, swept all the way, swept away. The Ice Peak refers to Pyongyang, the former residence of korean king, and Seoul, the present capital of korean king.
The army crossed the Datong River and was stationed in Zhonghe. At this point, korean king Li sent a special envoy to Shutian Valley and questioned the latter:
Your country invaded China for no reason. There is no hostility between our two countries. Since ancient times, they have bullied the weak and feared the hard, which is unfair. Killing for no reason is fate. If you are guilty, you should send envoys to ask first, and then condemn them. I am anxious to go back to the army today to discuss peace.
Han Wang's words make sense. In response to this letter, A Min put forward seven reasons for attacking North Korea, namely the so-called seven counts. The point is that North Korea supported Ming Taizu Mao and sent a letter to Lea Coco, korean king, and threatened: "I will stay for five days. If I fail to break the contract, our soldiers will move forward! " Li Kao wrote back to explain the matter. On the second day of February, A Min wrote to Li Ke again, and put forward the terms of peace again, demanding that North Korea sever relations with the Ming Dynasty and "swear to heaven that it will always be a brotherly country" with the late Jin, and respect the latter Jin as a brother and North Korea as a brother. If North Korea does not agree, Houjin will continue to invade. In the face of strong military pressure, after many twists and turns, Lea Coco had to give in and finally agreed to formally negotiate peace.
On the third day of March, on the island of Jianghua, North Korea, the king of North Korea, Li Zhu, signed an agreement with Liu Xingzuo, the company commander of the post-Jin State. The war lasted for more than two months. The nature of the war is the post-Jin invasion of Korea, which caused great disaster to Korea. Huang Taiji forced North Korea to yield temporarily, forming a false "brotherhood".
This is the first time that Huang Taiji conquered Korea and achieved temporary peace.
However, North Korea did not really give in. Since then, Houjin has been oppressing North Korea to do things according to its own wishes, and North Korea has been pretending to be a snake and scorpion with Houjin. This is manifested in four aspects.
The first is to recover the "fugitive". Later, Jin claimed to be the Liaodong Han people who fled from North Korea to North Korea, and all these Han people got married in North Korea. Lea Coco could not bear to repatriate, and repeatedly shirked it.
The second is extortion of property. Huang taiji kept extorting money from North Korea, especially food, to pass on the latter's financial difficulties.
The third is forced tribute. According to the Covenant, every spring and autumn and New Year's Day, North Korea pays tribute to the late Kim. The demand for tribute is increasing year by year, and North Korea is tired of coping and perfunctory. Huang taiji was furious and forced North Korea to pay in full. However, North Korea remains the same. This caused great dissatisfaction of Huang Taiji.
Huang taiji's casual photo
The fourth is to break the Ming dynasty. Huang taiji is extremely concerned about the relationship between North Korea and the Ming Dynasty, which is the problem he wants to solve most. He oppressed North Korea to break off relations with the Ming Dynasty and made North Korea an ally. Korean king and Lea Coco adhere to the diplomatic principle that Ming is the king and the latter is the younger brother, putting Ming first and the latter second.
North Korea continued to adhere to friendly relations with the Ming Dynasty, which opened the door for the Ming Dynasty. He allowed the Ming Dynasty to continue to station troops in Pidao, and also allowed the Ming army to cultivate land in Tieshan area. At the same time, 50 ships were allocated to the Ming army to supply 26,000 bags of rice in spring and autumn every year. On the contrary, Hou Jin borrowed a boat and grain from North Korea and borrowed nothing.
The relationship between Hou Jin and North Korea became increasingly tense and almost broke down. At this time, Huang Taiji wanted to be emperor, forcing North Korea to join the ranks of advocating Huang Taiji to be emperor, and the contradiction intensified. In the tenth year of Tiancong (1636), in early February, in accordance with the imperial edict of Huang Taiji, Mongolian foreign princes Baylor and Baylor wrote to Lea Coco, king of Korea, demanding that "the children of cronies be sent here immediately, * * * as Chen Zou, * * * as" earth generation "and given the title of" emperor ". Huang Taiji sent a huge diplomatic mission to North Korea consisting of 170 people, led by Cheng Zheng Ingu Dell, Minister of Housing. In name, it tells North Korea that it claims to be the emperor, but in essence it oppresses North Korea to recognize Huang Taiji's legitimate emperor status.
The news came that there was resistance in the upper echelons of North Korea. Minister Yutang said angrily, "Jin Lu claims to be the emperor, and our country will become his vassal country. This is a state of courtesy, bowing to dogs and sheep. " He even advocated detaining envoys and not allowing them to enter the capital. Too many students wrote to the king of books, demanding "cutting and burning books to understand the meaning." The atmosphere suddenly became tense.
As soon as ingrid's delegation arrived in Beijing, it was monitored. The building where they live is also guarded by troops. This is called protection, but it is actually monitoring. Ingu Dale flew into a rage and felt trapped here. "Ingrid Dell, etc. , led the messenger to Korea city, took the horse holding, rushed out of the gate. On the way, Han Wang sent people to hunt down Ingudall with a newspaper. " . Because Gourdet handed this letter to Huang Taiji.
Huang taiji read the letter and knew that North Korea was determined to break off reconciliation. But Huang Taiji wanted to wait, so he sent envoys to send a letter to CoCo Lee, asking him to send his son and minister to Shenyang as hostages to show his sincerity, otherwise he would discuss the soldiers. After waiting for three months, it was April. Huang taiji accepted the title of emperor, and his ministers bowed three times and nine times, but the North Korean envoy, Luo Dexian, sentenced Li Kuo not to bow down to the gift. The minister of the late Jin Dynasty suggested killing the ambassador, but Huang Taiji refused, saying, "The rudeness of the North Korean ambassador is hard to enumerate, because his king deliberately complained and asked me to kill his ambassador first and add me in the name of breaking the oath." Qing Taizong did not kill his envoy, so he put it back and brought a personal letter from Huang Taiji.
Soon, korean king Lea Coco sent a letter to Huang Taiji, who refused to read it. Lea Coco didn't hand over his son or minister as hostages. As a result, the relationship between the two sides completely broke down. Huang taiji decided to crusade against North Korea.
In the first year of Chongde (1636), 1 1 29th, Emperor Taizong of Qing Dynasty issued an anti-Japanese decree, which severely restrained the army. On the first day of December, Baylor, the kings of Mongolia, led troops to the meeting. Huang taiji led an army to conquer Korea and ordered Daishan, Prince Li, Dourgen, Prince Jade, Tudor, Baylor, Haug, etc. The minister in charge of the flag is divided into left and right wings, and the soldiers fight in unison. On the fourth day of December, the garrison stationed in Anzhou. On the ninth day of December, we camped thirty miles away from Zhenjiang (now Dandong). On day 10, the army crossed the Yalu River, entered North Korea, and camped in the south of Yizhou. 12, stationed in guoshancheng. The soldiers and civilians in the city surrendered. Qing Taizong said, "Now that you are down, don't hide in the valley and protect your wives at home. Our army has never taken anything in vain to surrender to the people. " 13, Dingzhou also fell.
First, on the third day of December, don't send troops to attack Wang Jing, the capital of North Korea. 14, the attack reached the king's capital. The princess and her two sons fled to Jianghua Island. Korean king Li Kekai's eldest son had no time to escape into Jianghua Island, so he had to escape into the mountain city of South Korea. On the same day, another late Jin army arrived in Pyongyang, and the governor of Pyongyang abandoned the city and fled. 1February 30th, Wang Jing fell.
In the first month of the second year of Chongde (1637), Huang Taiji wrote to Lea Coco, king of Korea, urging him to surrender. CoCo Lee has too many hearts to surrender. In order to force CoCo Lee to surrender, Huang Taiji first sent troops to capture Jianghua Island, captured the Korean princess and her prince, and gave them preferential treatment. And ordered the army to surround the mountain city of Nanhan.
On the 28th day of the first month, Emperor Taizong of Qing Dynasty issued a letter ordering CoCo Lee, king of Korea, to surrender. Imperial edict says:
I've read and played, and I know I want to save the Zongshe. I have sent a letter, and I would rather break my word than bury the hatchet and make a rule that my children and grandchildren will keep their word in the world. If you repent and turn over a new leaf, and don't forget your kindness, you should be promoted to the title of Ming Dynasty and serve the new moon of Qing Dynasty, with the eldest son and another son as the quality, and ministers also regard their children as the quality. If you dare to speak, then I am the heir, and all etiquette does not violate the old rules of the Ming Dynasty. If I ask, I will adjust my steps and take a boat, so I won't be late. I will move to Pidao, and I can send shotguns, archers and fifty warships to help. You should marry all officials at home and abroad, consolidate and make up for it. Don't build old and new city walls. All South Koreans who trade with our country as usual should guide their envoys to North Valka. Those who fled the eastern Valka privately are not allowed to resume trade, but should be sent here. I am dead, so I can survive, save the clan society and restore my family. When I remember the grace of re-creation, my grandchildren will not violate their beliefs in the future, and the country will last forever.
Qing Taizong asked Li Ke to abolish the name of the Ming Dynasty in Korea. Sever relations with the Ming dynasty, with Qing as the patriarch; Send Li Ke's eldest son, another son and ministers' sons to Shenyang as hostages; After the Jin Dynasty, the North Korean army was recruited and had to obey the command. Li Kao and his ministers should marry Hou Jin; North Korea's castles must not be built without authorization, making North Korea an undefended country.
Under the threat of force, CoCo Lee had to give in and all agreed to these harsh conditions.
On the 30th day of the first month, Lea Coco, korean king, "abandoned the weapons, took the royal clothes and presented the Ming seal to appear before the courtiers in South Seoul". On the east bank of the Han River, an altar was built for three days, and the Qing Taizong held a surrender ceremony here. "Lea Coco's father and son ministers bowed three times and kowtowed nine times", held a big banquet and formally formed an alliance, which confirmed the relationship between the late Jin Dynasty and North Korea.
On the second day of February, Emperor Taizong of Qing Dynasty returned to Beijing with the eldest son and second son of Han Wang. "CoCo Lee led the ministers to kneel ten miles away".
The war lasted for two months and completely conquered Korea. As a result, Qing Taizong eliminated worries and went west with confidence. His main goal is the great country Ming Dynasty.