People living in modern society are always inseparable from order. From a small point of view, there is traffic order when going out and work order when going to work; Broadly speaking, trade has an economic order and participation in politics has a political order. So how do you maintain these orders? We believe that the maintenance of social order mainly depends on the law, that is, the state mainly relies on the law to regulate people's interests and maintain the harmonious operation of society. First, law and morality do their respective jobs, and the sun and the moon shine together. Morality is divided into good and evil, beauty and ugliness, and tells people what to do and what not to do. Laws make rules, draw boundaries and tell people what to do. We love and admire morality. Morality can improve folk customs, people's feelings and influence social fashion. But maintaining social order mainly depends on the law. It can be said that morality is closely related to social fashion and law is closely related to social order. Second, as the unity of heteronomy and self-discipline, law can treat both the symptoms and root causes in maintaining social order.
People consciously legislate to restrain their behavior, determine the content and rules of social order, and make life orderly, standardized and organized; Legal awareness is deeply rooted in people's hearts, and everyone consciously abides by and protects the law, thus ensuring the orderly social order. For a few black sheep, the law can quickly repair some damaged social order through external coercion and punishment, so that social ships can sail forward forever. Third, the law has the function of protecting, preventing and punishing Wang Da. The three pillars firmly safeguard social order. The law protects the gods and the legitimate rights of all people, such as sunshine, air and water, and cares for us all the time. Law is a preventive needle, which can prevent problems before they happen, and make some people with bad intentions stop at the brink and stop. Law is a ruthless sword. Where does evil stand in the shadow of the sword? How can we just hide the crime? There is a saying: "The embankment of a thousand miles is destroyed by the ant nest." A cancer cell may threaten people's lives, and the cancer of a society may ruin the future of the country. Tolstoy put it well, "Doing good requires hard work, and punishing evil requires more hard work." Therefore, the law of punishing evil and promoting good is the fundamental guarantee of social order. To sum up, when maintaining social order, the law can not only make up for it, but also punish evil and promote good. Therefore, the maintenance of social order mainly depends on the law! thank you
Counterparty 1: Thank you, Chairman! Judge, everyone present, hello! First of all, I must point out two mistakes made by the other side. First, national order and social order are two completely different concepts, and they are one of the main symbols of modern society. The second law is not the unity of self-discipline and heteronomy. Marx tells us that morality is man's self-discipline and law is man's heteronomy. Please don't be confused. We believe that the maintenance of social order mainly depends on morality. "Morality" is the sum of people's behavior norms and value judgments. "Law" is a social norm formulated by state power organs and enforced by the state. And "social order" is a relatively stable and coordinated state of interpersonal relationships and social activities. First, morality is the foundation of social order. Morality, as the sum of code of conduct and value judgment, dominates people's most basic concepts and positions-right and wrong, good and evil, righteousness and bias, honor and shame, thus dominating the most basic daily behavior of human beings. If any society wants to be in a stable, harmonious and dynamic state, it can not be separated from moral propaganda and norms in any aspect, otherwise the strictness of the legal system and the perfection of the code will only be a social disaster. At the same time, morality often faces everyone's heart, arouses people's conscience and internalizes people's thoughts more directly, thus providing the most essential motivation and rationality for maintaining social order and making people consciously abide by it. Second, morality is the connotation of law. From "code of hammurabi" to "Laws of the Qing Dynasty", from "Notes on the Law of the Tang Dynasty" to today's constitutions, the legal systems at all times and all over the world are closely related to their respective moral systems, and the most important spirit of law-justice and fairness-is the eternal theme of human society established by morality. We don't deny the role of law in maintaining social order, but if the moral system of a society can't affect the formulation and implementation of laws, how can it produce laws that represent justice? How can we ensure the justice of the law? If a society's legal system can't cooperate with the improvement and deepening of morality, even if there are various classic provisions, it will eventually be abandoned. Hitler in Germany also advocated the solemnity and sacredness of law, but lacked the minimum humanity and morality, which led Germany to become the darkest social order in human history in the 1930s. Third, morality is the main constraint of social order. From the "theory of virtue" and "theory of happiness" in western ethics to the "emotionalism" in contemporary ethics, both emphasize the dual moral means of personal self-discipline and social restriction. CCTV's "Oriental Sky" promotes beauty and goodness, whips evil, and promotes the rapid solution of the problem after broadcasting.
Pro 2: Thank you, Chairman! Hello everyone! First of all, point out two mistakes made by the opposing defense friend. First, the other debater said that the core of law is morality, but we know that both law and morality come from human reason. Kant once said: Law and morality are based on rational order. Don't confuse each other. Second, other debaters have repeatedly emphasized the role of moral education. If moral education is really so magical, let's take a look. Mr. Dong Guo also advised and forbeared wolves, but as a result, didn't he almost get eaten by wolves? Next, I will further elaborate our views from the relationship between social order and law and morality. First, the maintenance of social order requires authoritative rules of conduct. Law is a document formulated and promulgated by the state and has the highest authority. The law is not a scarecrow that scares birds. It uses "peaceful violence" to protect people to live and work in peace and contentment, thus truly "spreading great confidence to the world". With laws, social life can be orderly and organized. Morality, on the other hand, relies on public criticism and conscience condemnation to restrain deviants. But morality cannot protect morality. Without law, good people can only be silent lambs under the evil butcher's knife! Second, the maintenance of social order needs specific words and deeds, not implicit and abstract spiritual agreements. Through specific rules and procedures, the law defines racecourses for individual and team competitions, so that everyone can have a suitable position and fight hard.
A chance to win the championship. One way is in hand, the road is clear, and the goal is ahead. Morality does not set boundaries for behavior, but it can encourage people to be confident and self-reliant. Therefore, with law as the mainstay and virtue as the supplement, we will be invincible. Third, maintaining social order requires keeping pace. It is the law that makes people's behavior develop in the same direction. As the saying goes: "A person's trajectory is like a law." The unity of law is also reflected in the law.
Everyone is equal before us. There is no distinction between high and low, and there is no distinction between rich and poor. Rousseau, a thinker, put it well: "The law must be universal and applicable to all people within its order. Because its foundation is rationality. " However, there are differences in understanding of morality, which will affect the coordination of people's behavior. "There are a thousand Hamlets in a thousand audiences." If everyone has his own view of right and wrong, the big picture must be unclear; What happens in the world is not unknown. Where can we talk about social order? To sum up, we believe that law directly maintains social order, morality persuades people to be good, and indirectly promotes social harmony. Thank you!
Counterparty 2: Thank you, Chairman! Judge, everyone present, hello! The other debater quoted Kant as soon as he came up, but don't forget that Kant also said: In a society where human beings exist, "rationality is morality." "State-owned highways, although punished, have no punishment; The country has no way, although it is killed, it cannot be won. " Morality is the foundation of law. Look at the problem in essence. You can't just look at the surface! The other party said that maintaining social order depends on the law. What does the law rely on to maintain social order? That is morality. Only morality can guarantee the fairness of legislation and law enforcement; Only morality can guarantee the awareness of obeying the law. First of all, what is law-abiding? Is it law or morality? Do we obey the law because we are afraid of being punished or because we think it is a virtue? Do opponents think that most people obey the law and do not do bad things because they are afraid of being sentenced? In that case, it is really dangerous. Poof! According to the other side's point of view, in an orderly society, a few dangerous people are the main body of this society, while most of us obey the law, and the virtue of obeying the law is secondary. Is this your logic? Facts show that the stronger the concept of abiding by the law, the more the society emphasizes this concept of abiding by the law, the fewer dangerous people in our society dare to take risks, and the more stable the social order. From the perspective of law enforcement, what is the fairness of law enforcement? Depend on the conscience of law enforcers. Conscience is the standard that personal behavior conforms to social morality. Whether in troubled times, heavy code is used, or in prosperous times, heavy code is not chaotic, and Amnesty is not chaotic. Both severe punishment and Amnesty are attributed to the motivation of law enforcers to hope for a more peaceful world and a more stable society. This motivation is the consistency of personal conduct and social morality. Legislation is also morality, and the basis of legislation must first be the possibility of abiding by the law. As we said, obeying the law is a kind of public morality. Otherwise, if the law is enacted, no one will abide by it, and the law will not blame the public in the end. Law enforcement should be brave and legislation should be talented, but "talent without virtue is rape, and courage without virtue is violence"! In modern society, the role of law is much greater than before, and we never deny this. However, this in itself is the demand of morality, and it is bound by morality at all times. In a word, morality not only runs through legislation, law enforcement and law-abiding, but also ensures the true and effective operation of the whole legal system. The other debater said that maintaining social order depends on law, so it should be said that morality ensures the function of maintaining law. Thank you!
Pro 3: Thank you, Chairman! Hello everyone! The other party has repeatedly said that the law is invisible heteronomy. However, we know that young people in today's world will never forget to register first after being married for a hundred years. This is not self-discipline. What is it? Therefore, law is the unity of self-discipline and heteronomy. On the other hand, the law should rely on morality to maintain social order. We all want to make money for the country, but if there is no tax law, how can we know to whom? How much did you pay? How to pay? Therefore, the virtue of obeying the law mentioned by the other friend is actually that the legal consciousness is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people! Today another debater told us an example, but after all, he found the ancient society. Does this mean that he has admitted that in modern society, the other party has agreed with us? Well, let's see what's left.
In the next part, social order mainly depends on law or morality. First, the history of continuous progress of human society is the process of continuous improvement of the legal system. From the "Ding of Punishment" recorded in Zuo Zhuan to the twelve tables in Rome, from the Declaration of Human Rights to the Napoleonic Code, from the 300-year legal tradition in Britain to the "storm of clean government" in Hong Kong, please tell us which country and which era, the maintenance of social order mainly depends on morality? Zhenguan only executed 29 people in the Tang dynasty a year, which was the result of legal constraints; Singapore's 70,000 civil servants only find seven crimes a year, which is the result of perfect laws. Therefore, if the laws are regular and smooth, the country will prosper, the country will be peaceful and the people will have social order. Second, the law is an umbrella to protect us from the wind and rain. The education law gives children the right to read and write, the consumer protection law makes customers become real gods, and the marriage law "May all lovers get married". Legal consciousness "sneaked into the night with the wind, moistening things silently". Third, the law is a sword, which upholds justice and eliminates demons. Reward or not is a mockery and blasphemy of good, and punishment or not is a palliative and encouragement of evil. Of course, we should choose trustworthy, reliable and powerful means to maintain social order. Shin Kanemaru's silver file in Japanese politics was imprisoned, the Italian Ten Lane Clean Campaign was in full swing, and the sword of law was invincible. Morality can reveal disease, but it cannot continue to cure it; Morality can distinguish good from evil, but it cannot punish evil. In the contest between law and illegality, crime and non-crime, righteousness and non-righteousness, human society has realized that only by giving priority to law, supplemented by virtue, can evil be suppressed and good be promoted, and the evolution of civilization can be further improved! thank you
Counterparty 3: Thank you, Chairman! Judge, the other side argues. First, we must make another classmate's mistake. Mr. Dong Guo's story tells us that wolves can't be taught, but it doesn't say that people can't be taught! According to another classmate's theory, social order includes every corner of society, and law is to maintain order in every corner. If that's the case, we're going to legislate everything, so should we also make "respect for the chairman" and "respect for the judge" today, otherwise other students won't stand up and say "thank you, dear chairman". (Applause) Since the law is so powerful, why is the divorce rate rising gradually after the promulgation of the second marriage law in China? Well, let's continue to look at our point of view from both facts and theories. First, the effective maintenance of social order in ancient and modern China and foreign countries focuses on morality rather than law. From the rule of virtue in China to the promotion of the two civilizations, from the sage politics in ancient Greece to the religious spirit in the contemporary west, all of them reflect the leading role of morality. More than 2000 years ago, although Mr. Confucius was in troubled times, he was worried about the country and the people, and developed a set of moral and ethical system with "benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and trust" as the core, which was imitated by all previous dynasties. It is still the endless cultural source of our Chinese nation. This is because in any society, the scope of social relations adjusted by morality is much wider than that of law, and it goes deep into every corner of our lives. Second, maintaining an orderly society mainly depends on moral education. At all times and in all countries, an orderly society regards moral education as the primary method to maintain social stability, because moral education has a powerful social induction function, and it can form the ideological conduct advocated by society in future generations. China's all-round development and Hong Kong's all-round education are the best examples of different societies attaching importance to moral education in basic education. Don't forget the evaluation criteria of "three good students" for the four good students in Nanjing University! In the late 1980s, the movement of abolishing corporal punishment and replacing it with character education in western primary and secondary schools once again showed that different countries realized that the fundamental guarantee of social stability could only be people's heartfelt restraint. Only by fundamentally solving social unrest and temptation can we maintain social order. Therefore, law is only a side effect of maintaining social order, and morality plays a leading role. Thank you!