Du Mu
Chang 'an looked back and embroidered.
There are thousands of doors open on the top of the mountain.
As soon as I ride the world of mortals and laugh,
No one knows it's litchi.
author
803-852, the word Mu Zhi, ranked 13th, was born in Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi, Shaanxi). The grandson of Prime Minister Du You lives in Fan Chuan, a southern suburb of Chang 'an, and is called Du Fanchuan. In the second year of Daiwa (828), he was a scholar and proofreader of Hong Wen Pavilion. Li Shen participated in the observation mission in Jiangxi, announced the observation mission in Yunnan, and made an appointment with Niu Senru in Huainan. Supervise the empire. Since Wu Zongshi, he has been the secretariat of Huangzhou, Chizhou and Zhou Mu. When Xuanzong proclaimed himself emperor, he was Si Xun's foreign minister and eventually became a Chinese book. The world is called Du Sixun. Gong Shi, Fu, ancient prose. Du Fu's poetic theory is unique, heroic and handsome, especially good at seven laws and seven laws, and he is a master of the late Tang Dynasty. Just like Li Shangyin, he is called "Little Du Li" in the world. Fan Chuan's collected works and the complete works of Tang poetry total eight volumes.
To annotate ...
(1) Huaqing Palace: Located in Lishan Mountain, Lintong County, Shaanxi Province, it is a playground for Tang and Yang Guifei.
judge
Du Mu wrote five lines of poems about Huaqing Palace, one poem about the thirty rhymes of Huaqing Palace, one poem about Huaqing Palace and three poems about crossing Huaqing Palace. This is the most popular. Many poets since Du Fu have fully reflected the extravagance of Tang and Yang Guifei and their wrong understanding of the country. This poem also shows this theme, but it has chosen a fresh angle and received a unique effect. Yang Guifei likes to eat fresh litchi, and Tang Ming presented it with Nanhai. Send it by post, fly thousands of miles on June 7, and send it to Chang 'an, with the same color and taste. This poem starts from here, and the whole poem revolves around the dramatic conflict between "riding the world of mortals" and "concubine laughing" The idea and layout are wonderful and impressive.
The first sentence "Looking back at Chang 'an" is extremely important. People who interpret this poem either avoid talking about it, or say that the author has "passed by" Huaqing, entered Chang 'an, and then turned back. In fact, this is conceived from the aspect of "riding the dust". At that time, Chang 'an was the capital, Ming Chengzu was busy in the capital, and his concubine was staying in the capital, so the people who flew litchi went straight to Chang 'an, while Ming Chengzu and the imperial concubine were having fun in Lishan! This is the scene of "Chang 'an looking back and embroidering in the pile".
During the reign of Emperor Ming of the Tang Dynasty, Mount Li was planted with cotton embroidery-like flowers and trees, so it was called Xiuling. Write the general appearance of Mount Li in the distance vividly with "embroidered piles". The second sentence is "pile embroidery" to write about the building of Huaqing Palace in Lishan Mountain. At this time, "one ride" is close to Mount Li, only to see "a thousand times at the top of the mountain"; People on the mountain have seen the "world of mortals" flying and "one ride" coming, so they opened the "thousands of doors on the peak" for the second time. As a result, there was a dramatic scene of "laughing at the world of mortals". On the one hand, it is a high-speed day and night gallop that rolls up the "world of mortals", bringing litchi "a journey", sweating like rain and suffering; On the other hand, the imperial concubine got fresh litchi. She smiled and was overjoyed. In contrast, it contains a silent condemnation of luxury life. The first three poems didn't mention litchi at all. If every sentence is about litchi as analyzed above, the search will be too dull. After reading the first three sentences, I don't know why I want to look back at Mount Li from Chang 'an, why I want to open "thousands of doors on the peak" one after another, why I want to ride the world of mortals, and why I want to "laugh", leaving readers with a series of suspense. The last sentence should explain the suspense, but I didn't expect to use a negative sentence: "No one knows it's litchi." Indeed, the wind blows the dust, and the door of Huaqing Palace is empty, from the foot of the mountain to the top of the mountain. People will think it's urgent news about the military. How can you imagine that it is litchi for the imperial concubine! The word "unknown" makes the finishing point and has profound implications, which raises the ideological realm of the whole poem to an amazing height.
The beacon tower in Zhou Youwang is also on the top of Mount Li. The author asked Yang Guifei to watch Riding the Red Dust at the top of Mount Li, and deliberately used the word "princess smiles" to remind readers of the historical lesson of "praising the princess and smiling at Zhou".