Basic situation and historical evolution of Yongshun County
Yongshun County is located in the west of Hunan Province and in the north of Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. It borders Zhangjiajie City to the east, Longshan County and Baojing County to the west, Sangzhi County to the north, Guzhang County to the south, and Yuanling County in Huaihua Prefecture to the southeast. The county seat is 90 kilometers away from Zhangjiajie Hehua Airport and 165 kilometers away from Guizhou Tongren Daxing Airport. The county's total land area is 3,810 square kilometers.
?Yongshun County governs 30 towns and 327 village (neighborhood) committees. It is a county inhabited by ethnic minorities. There are 21 ethnic groups living in the territory, including Tujia, Han, Miao, Hui, Bai, Yao, and Uyghur, with the Tujia ethnic group being the largest population. The total population of the county is 495,000, of which 431,000 are ethnic minorities, mainly Tujia.
?Yongshun is an ancient and magical land and an important birthplace of the Tujia people. It has beautiful natural scenery, rich history and culture, and rich ethnic customs. There are 169 intangible cultural heritage protection projects in the county, among which the Tujia Maugus, Waving Hand Dance, Daliuzi, Tujia Brocade, and Tima Sacred Song are included in the national protection list.
?Yongshun was called Xizhou in ancient times and belonged to central Guizhou Province of Chu during the Warring States Period. In the Qin Dynasty, it belonged to Qianzhong County. In the first year of Emperor Gaozu of the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC), Youyang County was established. Youyangzhi is located in the southeast of Jinzhi (Lingxi Town). During the Three Kingdoms period, it initially belonged to Shu Han; in the 24th year of Jian'an (219 AD), it belonged to Wu. During the Jin Dynasty and the Northern and Southern Dynasties, it was the territory of Youyang County. Jin belongs to Wuling County. In the Song Dynasty, he was the prefect of Wuling. Qiliang returned to Wuling County. Chen belongs to Yuanling County. In the Sui Dynasty, Chenzhou was established, Youyang was abolished, and Ling was moved to Daxiang County, which belonged to Yuanling County. In the second year of Tianshou of the Tang Dynasty (691), Chenzhou was analyzed and Xizhou was established. Yongshun belonged to Daxiang County of Xizhou. In the first year of Tianbao (742), Xizhou was renamed Lingxi County, renamed Xizhou, and placed under the jurisdiction of Qianzhong Road. On October 19, 1949, the Chinese People's Liberation Army liberated Yongshun and placed it under the Yongshun Prefecture of Hunan Province. In September 1957, the Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture was established, with Yongshun under its jurisdiction.
?Introduction to Tujia people
?Tujia people are an ancient ethnic group in my country. It has a long history and splendid culture. The Tujia people call themselves "Bizka", "Biz (or Biki) Ka", which is the "Biz (or Biki) people". Tracing back to the historical origins of the Tujia people, there are several understandings: one is based on the local indigenous people, which believes that the Tujia people are the indigenous ancestors on the border of Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing and Guizhou, and were formed by the integration of the ancient Ba people. One is the theory based on the Ba people, which believes that the Tujia people are the Ba people who settled in the border areas of Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing and Guizhou in ancient times, and were formed by the integration of some other ethnic groups. One theory is based on the Wuman as the main body. It is believed that during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, a group of Wuman entered the area and merged with the indigenous people and the Ba people. Regardless of the Juche theory, they all have one thing in common, that is, the Tujia people are an ancient ethnic group, and like the other 55 ethnic groups in the country, the Tujia people have multiple origins.
?The Tujia people have Tujia language but no written language. There are still more than 40,000 people in the territory who can speak Tujia language; young men like to wear double-breasted clothes, embroidered belts around the waist, embroidered purses, short trousers, and Double nostril Tianguan toe shoes. Middle-aged and elderly men like to wear full-chested left-front clothes, long belts, wide trousers, and green silk and blue cloth handkerchiefs. Old people wear double-nostril shoes, and in winter they like to wear a pair of white cloth socks or a pair of blue cloth leg wraps. Women like to wear green silk headbands or blue cloth handkerchiefs, and wear full-breasted clothes inlaid with plum blossom strips. There are several types such as external shoulder support, no collar, silver hook, and short collar. Hi, there are aprons embroidered with various flowers and plants. On the 28th day of the year, people wear white cloth undershirts and blue cloth jackets, which is called "magpie in white". The trousers are mostly made of green blue cloth with a white waistband, and the trouser legs are blue with green edges or green bottom with blue edges. The shoe collar is inlaid with lace, and the upper is embroidered with grass, butterflies, bees, etc. Working women do not wear socks and like to wear a pair of white cloth leg wraps in winter. There is only a long braid on the girl's head, while the married woman's hair is rolled up and combed into a bun, with silver ornaments such as banana fans, jade treasures, and lotus in her hair. Generally, women like to wear earrings, jade hoops and rings. There is a toothpick button flower hanging on the chest, with silver drills, silver medals, silver toothpicks, silver bells, silver beads and other accessories tied to it. Elderly women wear hoop hats and large hoop earrings. The hats worn by children are changed according to the seasons. Wear purple gold crowns in spring and autumn, dong melon rings in summer, and dog head hats or fish tail hats in winter. The hats are embroidered with words such as "long life, wealth and honor", "easy to raise a person", "good luck, wealth, longevity and happiness". There are silver Bodhisattvas such as the Eight Immortals Wen, the Eight Immortals Wu, and the Eighteen Arhats nailed to the front of the hat. There are many silver ornaments on the top and back of the hat. Both boys and girls wear silver bracelets with hollow silver hammers or silver bells on their hands.
?Shuangfeng Village, Heping Township, Yongshun County, was the key investigation point for Mr. Pan Guangdan’s study of the Tujia people in China in March 1953. The village has preserved the complete Tujia language, customs and national psychological quality, which has attracted many experts. Scholars have provided detailed empirical information and the remains of the original cultural ecology provide evidence for the Tujia people to become a single ethnic minority. Over the years, it has been praised by all walks of life as China's "No. 1 Tujia Village", and Yongshun has therefore been established by the National Ethnic Affairs Commission as a sample county for Tujia people in China. At the same time, the "Eight Barbarians" theory spread in western Hunan proves that Yongshun is one of the birthplaces of the Tujia people. Yongshun is also the melting pot of ethnic groups on the border between Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing and Guizhou, from Youyang (Wangcun) - Laosicheng - Xizhou - Yongshun; from "barbarians" to "Tujia people". The old Sicheng chieftain capital that has existed for 800 years has proved that Yongshun was the ancestor and the core of the rule of the chieftains from Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing and Guizhou in modern times. The ancient and splendid Tujia folk art heritage is the "museum" and "gene bank" of China's Tujia people.
?Introduction to Maogus
?Maogus dance, known as "Gusi Bapa Dance", "Papa Geci" or "Doubu Ka" in Tujia dialect, In Chinese, it is often called "Mao Gusi" or "Mao Hunting Dance". The Maogus dance originated in the sacrificial rituals of the Tujia people. It is an ancient dance form of the Tujia people and is hailed by relevant experts as "a living fossil of human drama."
?Maogus dance is a primitive dramatic dance with characters, dialogues, simple storylines and certain performance procedures. It uses artistic techniques such as freehand brushwork, fictitiousness, and assumptions that are similar to opera to perform Tujia ancestors. Production contents such as fishing, hunting, and farming have both the characteristics of dance and the performance of drama. The two are mixed and intertwined, and they are integrated into one. The performances are mostly interspersed with hand-waving dances, and sometimes performed alone on certain occasions. The movements of Maugus dance are unique. The performer bends his knees, shakes his whole body, and makes a rustling sound. The five big braids on his head are constantly swinging from side to side. During the performance, he steps forward and backward, jumps left and right, shakes his head and shoulders. Contents such as "catching the dew", "sweeping in and sweeping out", "hunting", "hunting and celebrating victory" can be clearly distinguished based on the performance movements. The most outstanding feature of this dance is the style of costumes. The performers wear straw clothes and tree bark, which is simple and elegant, with a primitive style. Dialogue performances require changing voices and tones, making it difficult for viewers to identify the performers' true identities. The most important thing is that Maogus dance, as an ancient and unique art form, can provide more reliable clues for the study of the origin of Tujia dance.
?The Maogus dance is not only of great value for studying the original life style and lifestyle of the Tujia people, but its performance retains ancient belief symbols such as nature worship, totem worship, and ancestor god worship. Artistic elements such as freehand brushwork, virtuality, and imitation are precious cultural heritage.
?Rich tourism resources
?Furong Town, a famous historical and cultural town in Hunan Province. Furong Town is an ancient town with a history of 2,000 years, located on the shore of Youshui River, 51 kilometers away from the county seat. It was originally the seat of Youyang County in the Western Han Dynasty. Due to the convenience of the Youshui boat, it connected Sichuan and Guizhou and went down to Dongting. It has been a trading port of Yongshun since ancient times, and is known as "the connection between Chu and Shu". It enjoys the reputation of Youyang Xiongzhen, "Four Famous Towns" in Western Hunan, and Little Nanjing.
Furong Town is not only a thousand-year-old ancient town with a long history, but also a blend of natural scenery and simple ethnic customs. It is an integrated tourist attraction, the gateway to the Mengdong River Scenic Area, and the best scenic spot for exploring ancient times. It is surrounded by green mountains and green waters. The town is surrounded by winding and deep streets and alleys, and Tujia stilted wooden buildings are nestled near the water. As well as the five-mile long street paved with bluestones, the honest and simple Tujia folk customs are everywhere, making tourists full of praise and lingering. Mr. Hu Jiwei wrote a poem after visiting Mengdong River and Furong Town: "Wuling Mountain is beautiful. Quietly, the Three Gorges falls into Xizhou. The cliffs are steep and green, and the Chinese boats are leisurely sailing. Cooking fresh fish, playing with monkeys, visiting the immortals in the Dragon Cave, Furong Ancient Town Diaojiaolou, the Tujia people are full of affection. "In order to make Furong Town the leader of tourism and successfully promote Furong Town to the market, the Yongshun County Party Committee and County Government decided to use one year to organize the ancient town, two years to build the scenic spot, three years to accumulate the market, and four years to Focusing on the strategic goal of creating products and winning brands in 2017, Furong Town Tourism Industry Development Co., Ltd. has sorted out the Qin and Han culture, Tujia culture, architectural culture, religious culture, and film and television culture that have been accumulated and formed in the ancient town for more than 2,300 years. Through integration, 46 ancient residences in the ancient town have been listed for protection, and more than 100 ancient streets, ancient lanes, ancient trees, ancient walls, ancient tombs, etc. have been comprehensively protected, maintained and repaired in batches since July last year. Since March, Furong Town Tourism Industry Development Co., Ltd. has been following the basic principles of “combining scenic spot construction with the market, integrating scenic spot functions with ancient town construction, and integrating environmental creation with ancient town management” to develop a collection of “ancient streets, squares, waterfalls, streams , docks, residential buildings, parks, and religious landscapes and cultural ancient towns can be planned constructively, and are recognized by the government, experts, markets, and residents. It has established four tourism cultural highlights: the film culture as the platform of Furong Square, the Qin and Han culture as the backbone of Wangcun Ancient Street, the Tujia culture as the theme of Tongzhu Park, and the farming culture as the axis of pastoral landscape. The county party committee and government decided to invest 120 million yuan in three phases and three years to develop and construct Furong Town. The ancient town company follows the working model of "government-led, corporate entities, social participation, and market operation" and closely focuses on "strive to create six themed tourism products in three districts, three lines, and strive to build Furong Town into a market-oriented and humanistic place with historical and cultural characteristics." , ecological ancient town tourism new area" work requirements, through one year of efforts, the development of Furong Town Scenic Area has achieved certain results. According to the planning of the scenic spot, the first phase construction task of more than 20 million yuan has been completed around the construction of four major projects: "attraction construction system, tourist service system, sign identification system, and environmental protection system". The "three roads, three streets and three circles" ancient town tour road has been initially built; 6 parking lots and a battery car transfer station have been built, and a fleet of 20 battery cars will be officially put into operation on May 1; all lighting street lights in the scenic area have been installed, and the night view The lighting project has been initially completed; the first phase of the greening project on Furong Road and some tourist trails has been basically completed. The construction of signs and simple explanation systems for ancient streets and tourist trails has been completed.
There are three roads in the scenic area (Furong Road, Xizhou Road, Tongzhu Road), three streets (Wangcun Ancient Street, Yunpan Street, Chaofu Street), and three paths (Chu Shu Tong Jing, Waterfall Curtain You Jing, and Three Waterfalls). (Gold), five major theme attractions (movies, Qin and Han Dynasties, ethnic, religious, pastoral), the names have been determined and signboards have been erected; road signs have been set up for all three vehicle lanes and pedestrian zebra crossings in the scenic area. In addition, a performance team of more than 40 people was formed, and 12 performances were arranged, including Wu Nuo stunts, Mao Gusi, Sanbangu, crying wedding, and plot selections from the movie "Furong Town" criticism meeting, which were performed every day in Lotus Square. Two folk customs performances were held. These performances and explanations with unique Tujia folk customs greatly increased the attraction of tourism in the ancient town.
?National key cultural relics protection unit - Xizhou Bronze Pillar. The Xizhou bronze pillars are now in the Furong Town Folk Customs and Scenery Museum. In 940 AD, King Ma Xifan of Chu and Peng Shichou, the governor of Xizhou, had been at war for many years and made peace. They concluded an alliance, demarcated the territory and forged it, and cast 5,000 kilograms of copper pillars as evidence. According to historical records: "In the fourth year of Tianfu in the Later Jin Dynasty (939 AD), the Battle of Xizhou took place between Peng Shichou, the governor of Xizhou, and Ma Xifan, the king of Chu who occupied Hunan at that time. After Peng Shichou's defeat, he fought with Ma Xifan negotiated the peace and engraved the history of the war and the terms of the peace on the copper pillars. The copper pillars weighed five thousand kilograms, were two feet high, and were dug into the earth. They were eight-sided, hollow, and filled with huge coins. The ends of the pillars were covered with copper. On the top, an oath was inscribed on a copper pillar, standing in the Huixi River. When it was re-erected in the second year of Tianxi of the Song Dynasty (AD 1018), some local official titles were engraved on it. In the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the copper top on the pillar was stolen and sank in the middle of the river. In the 11th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (AD 1885), Zhang Zengyang, the prefect of Yongshun Prefecture, built a pavilion to protect it. "The copper of the pillars was pure and smooth. ; The faces engraved on the eight sides and the inscriptions on the willow body are still as clear as ever, even though they have been washed away by thousands of years of wind and rain, and worn away by frost and snow. The Xizhou Bronze Pillar is an important document for studying the ancient history of the Tujia people. The Tujia people regard copper pillars as sacred objects.
?National scenic spot - Mengdong River. The Mengdong River Rafting Scenic Area is located in Si River, a tributary of the Mengdong River, with a total length of 47 kilometers. The most exciting part is located in the section from Hanigong to Niulu, which is about 17 kilometers long. Both sides of the scenic area are mostly virgin secondary forests, lush and green, with rapid water flow and clear green. It has the reputation of ten-mile cliffs, ten-mile waterfalls, ten-mile scrolls, and ten-mile caves. Among them, there are 108 rapids and 20 large and small waterfalls. Rafting, crossing rapids, crossing dangerous shoals, breaking through narrow valleys, and catching huge waves, there are no dangers but endless aftertaste. In particular, the Hani Palace, Triangle Rock, Chicken Coop Gate, Yuxian Gorge (kneading soil), King of Hell Beach, Luoshuikeng, Mengsi Gorge, Carp Disembowelment, Three Cannons and other scenic spots are all amazing. Liu Yi, director of the National Tourism Administration, praised it: “It’s unique in the country.” Fei Xiaotong, Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, wrote an inscription after the ceremony: "The best in the world." Mr. Chen Fuli, a famous Hong Kong photography artist, praised after rafting: "The real rafting is not in the Philippines, but in the Mengdong River in Hunan, China." The Donghe River rafting tour is about to become famous all over the world." In February 2002, "The Best Beauty in the World" was awarded the famous trademark of Hunan Province, which is the only famous trademark in my country's tourism service industry.
?Laosicheng, a national key cultural relic protection unit. Laosicheng is located in Sicheng Village, Macha Township, more than 20 kilometers east of the county. This ancient city, whose real name is Fushi City, is also known as Sicheng and Laosicheng because it was the ancient capital of the Tusi Dynasty for 800 years. During the Tusi period, Fushi City was the political, economic and cultural center of Guxi Prefecture and was very prosperous. According to common people, Laosicheng is divided into inner and outer cities, with eight streets and ten alleys criss-crossing each other. It is densely populated and has prosperous markets and shops. Historical records say that "there are three thousand households in the city and eight hundred outside the city", and "the giant of the Five Streams". Town, a border town thousands of miles away." Peng Shiduo, a Gongsheng student of the Qing Dynasty, wrote "Bamboo Branch Poems" praising "the brocade nests in Fushi City, the water beside the Tuwang Palace generates waves, thousands of red lights and thousands of people, all lingering and waving their hands and singing."
?There are many remaining ruins in Laosicheng, which have become a precious cultural landscape for tourists, experts and scholars to understand and study the history and culture of the Tujia people. The main ones include the Patriarch's Hall, Peng's Ancestral Hall, Tusi Dezheng Monument, Yinan Archway, Tusi Underground Palace, Tusi Ancient Tombs, etc. The Tusi Patriarch Hall is located at the southern foot of Taiping in Laosicheng City. It was first built in the second year of Tianfu in the Later Jin Dynasty (937 AD) and rebuilt in the Ming Dynasty. The main hall is surrounded by a large number of pillars, and there are no traces of ax chiseling on the upper wooden beams. It is said that it was built by the spirit of Lu Ban. This hall covers an area of ??more than 580 square meters. The main hall is five rooms wide and four rooms deep. It is 17.5 meters long, 13 meters wide and 20 meters high. It is 17.5 meters long, 13 meters wide and 20 meters high. It has 34 large columns supporting the roof. The column foundations are in the double-round drum style, and the ridge and eaves are made of clay bricks and tiles with exquisite patterns. In front of the golden pillars in the hall, there is a shrine with an image of the "ancestor" on it. The palace's arches are majestic and simple, and the beam structure is quite special. It is a building with national characteristics in the Tujia area and is a national key cultural relic protection unit.
?Peng's Ancestral Hall is located in the center of Sicheng, behind the chieftain's "bedroom". It contains tablets for chieftains of past generations. There are exquisite wooden statues, each with their own expressions, and they are like life. It also has a collection of chieftains of past generations. The three cardinal guides and five constant laws were formulated. It was built in the 19th year of the Ming Dynasty (AD 1591) when Peng Yuanjin, the 24th chieftain, was appointed as the Xuanwei envoy. There is an official road more than 200 meters long from the gate of the ancestral hall to the main street. It has to pass through four platforms and five stone steps and more than 30 stone steps, gradually rising up to show a majestic style. There is a pair of stone drums at the entrance of the ancestral hall, each weighing at least five thousand kilograms. According to folklore, the ancient Tujia hero Hali Gaba brought one to Sicheng from Wuguanping, more than a hundred miles away.
?Yinan Archway is located in the Purple Mountain in the south of Sicheng and the elegant lawn of Ruoyun Academy. It was built during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty. It is engraved with the four words "descendants will enjoy it forever" in order to commend the twenty-sixth generation of chieftains. Peng Jinan led the native soldiers to fight against the Japanese and achieved success. In the 33rd year of the Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1954), Peng Jinan, the 26th generation chieftain who was only 18 years old, led 5,000 native soldiers to Jiangsu and Zhejiang to fight against the Japanese pirates. The local soldiers were good at using hooks and knives, with flexible formations and bravery. They wiped out more than 1,900 enemies in the battle of Wangjiangjing. The Ming Dynasty said that "since the advent of Japanese pirates, no troops in the southeast have surpassed this. This is their first achievement." An archway "Eternally Enjoyed by Descendants" was erected to mark the occasion.
?The Tusi ancient tombs are mostly concentrated in three places: Zijin Mountain, Yacaoping and Pakong Lake in Sicheng, among which Zijin Mountain has the largest number. According to surveys, there are 109 tombs of chieftain kings and their nobles in one area of ??Zijin Mountain. The chieftains, local officials and their families after Peng Fu Shichong were all buried here. The size of the ancient tomb depends on its official title. Judging from the more than 30 ancient tombs that have been excavated, the basic form is a semicircle arched with earthen bricks. There are stone people and horses in front of the tomb, surrounded by walls, and iron gates must be passed in and out. The walls of the tomb are carved with exquisite patterns of flowers, plants and dragons and phoenixes. The coffin is made of nanmu and catalpa wood, painted black with earthen paint, and hung in the stone chamber with iron hooks. The burial artifacts are also extremely rich, including gold flowers, gold statues, hair plugs, earrings, lotus pods and other gold and silver ornaments, as well as various jade articles. The tombs of some famous chieftains from the Ming Dynasty, including Peng Xianying and Peng Jinan, are still well preserved.
?National nature reserve——Xiaoxi. Hunan Xiaoxi Ecological Tourism Scenic Spot is located in the Xiaoxi National Nature Reserve, in the southeast of Yongshun County, adjacent to Zhangjiajie National Forest Park and Mengdong River Scenic Area, with a total area of ??24,800 hectares, of which 6,133 hectares are in the core area. A large area of ??subtropical low-altitude evergreen broad-leaved primary secondary forest grows in the nature reserve. There are many kinds of rare plants in the area, including 43 species of first- and second-level national key protected plants such as Davidia involucrata, yew, cypress tree, and silver magpie tree. There are also 68 species of nationally protected animals in the secondary forest, including golden leopards, clouded leopards, and white-necked pheasants. The Xiaoxi National Nature Reserve has high scientific research value and has been inspected and demonstrated by authoritative experts and scholars as the only natural resource treasure house of primary and secondary forests in the 13 provinces of Central and South China that has been protected from the invasion of Quaternary glaciers.
?Hunan Xiaoxi Ecological Tourism Scenic Area is an ecological tourism area characterized by primitive secondary forests, canyons, and peak forest landforms. The area has vast forests, lush trees, a forest coverage rate of 92.5%, and negative oxygen ions. The concentration is high, the air is fresh, and the environment is pleasant. In the gaps between the forest and sea, there are dangerous gorges and deep gorges, waterfalls and springs, strange peaks rising from the ground, birds chirping and apes chirping, and occasionally one or two Tujia wooden buildings, chickens crowing and dogs barking, and the folk customs are simple. The natural and cultural scenery of the Xiaoxi Ecological Tourism Scenic Spot is primitive and simple, making it an ideal leisure vacation and soft adventure tourist destination in Central and South China.
?National Forest Park-Fuermen. Fujian Gate is a famous scenic spot in Hunan Province and one of the Buddhist resorts in the province. Located on the banks of the Mengdong River 1.5 kilometers south of the county, with a total area of ??30 square kilometers, it is the north gate of the Mengdong River Scenic Area. It is characterized by strange rocks, hot springs, stone carvings and worship of Guanyin. The Fujishi Gate, Lotus Pond, and Eight Formations formed by dissolution of limestone are regarded as the miraculous workmanship of nature. The stone carvings with the four characters "山青海shore" in one stroke forming the character "shore" and the eight formations known as the town of ecstasy are amazing. It is green all year round and filled with the sound of Sanskrit. It is a good place for self-cultivation. "Wulong Mountain Suppression of Bandits" and "Xiangxi Suppression of Bandits" were both filmed here.
?National patriotism education base - the former site of Tawo Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan and Guizhou border revolutionary base. The former site of the Hunan-Hubei-Sichuan-Guizhou Border Revolutionary Base is located in the northeast of Yongshun County, Tawo Town. During the Second Civil Revolutionary War, the older generation of proletarian revolutionaries such as Ren Bishi, He Long, Guan Xiangying, Xiao Ke, and Wang Zhen led the Second and Sixth Corps of the Chinese Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army to establish the Hunan-Hubei-Sichuan-Guizhou Revolutionary Base here. It is one of the more than a dozen larger revolutionary base areas in the country established under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. It is also the last red base area of ??the Communist Party of China on the south bank of the Yangtze River after the failure of the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaign. On October 24, 1934, the Sixth Army of the Long March Advance Team led by Ren Bishi, Xiao Ke, and Wang Zhen met with the Third Red Army led by He Long and Guan Xiangying in Muhuang, Yinjiang, Guizhou. The Third Red Army immediately resumed its designation as the Second Red Army. In accordance with the strategic intention of the Party Central Committee to open up a new base area, the two armies moved eastward and launched an offensive in western Hunan. They captured Yongshun County on November 7 and achieved a victory of 100,000 square meters on November 6, laying the foundation for the establishment of the Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan and Guizhou Revolutionary Base. Base. Then they took advantage of the victory and occupied Sangzhi and Dayong. On November 26, the Provisional Provincial Committee of the Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan and Guizhou Border Provincial Committee, the Provincial Revolutionary Committee and the Provincial Military Region were established in Dayong (today's Zhangjiajie City). On December 10, Provincial-level agencies moved to Yongshun Tawo, and more than a dozen county (or regional) Party committees, nine county revolutionary committees (or Soviets), and nearly 70 district and more than 330 township Soviets were established. The regime's base areas include the junction areas of northwest Hunan, southwest Hubei Province, southeast Sichuan Province, and northeast Guizhou Province. Its base areas and guerrilla areas cover more than 30 counties, stretching thousands of miles, and the population of the base areas is about 2 million.
?After the establishment of the base area, the Second and Sixth Red Army Corps led the people of all ethnic groups in the base area to fight bravely, smashing the six-way siege of more than 80 regiments of the Kuomintang, annihilating more than 10,000 enemy troops, and seizing more than 10,000 guns. It strategically contained the enemy forces and effectively supported the Red Army's Long March and other revolutionary base area struggles.
Under the leadership of the Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan and Guizhou Provincial Committee and the Provincial Revolutionary Committee of the Communist Party of China, the people in the base area actively cooperated with the Second and Sixth Red Army Corps and made great contributions to the establishment and defense of the revolutionary base area. More than 80,000 people in the Yongshun Soviet Area (areas under the Soviet jurisdiction of Yongbao and Guoliang counties) participated in and supported the Red Army operations. More than 11,800 people died, and more than 10,000 people joined the Red Army. The number of the Second and Sixth Red Army Corps increased from more than 7,000 to the combined forces. More than 20,000 people formed the Second Red Front Army, one of the three main forces of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, and made great contributions to accumulating revolutionary power.
?Based on the thick red historical classics lying on the pagoda, relevant historians praised it as "Yan'an in the south of the Yangtze River".