The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems, which collected poems from the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the mid-Spring and Autumn Period (pre-1century to the 6th century), including * * * 3 1 1 first, among which six poems are Sheng poems, that is, only the title, but no content, which is called Sheng Poetry Six. The author of The Book of Songs is anonymous, and most of them cannot be verified. They were collected by Yin Jifu and edited by Confucius.
In the pre-Qin period, the Book of Songs was called "The Book of Songs", or it was called "The Book of Songs 300" by integers. In the Western Han Dynasty, it was honored as a Confucian classic, formerly known as The Book of Songs, which has been in use ever since. The content is divided into three parts: wind, elegance and praise. Techniques are divided into Fu, Bi and Xing. "Wind" is a ballad of Zhou Dynasty. Elegant music is the official music of Zhou people, which is divided into harmony and elegance. Ode is a musical song used for sacrificial rites in Zhou and noble ancestral temples, which is divided into ode to, and ode to Shang.
Confucius once summarized the purpose of the Book of Songs as "innocence" and educated his disciples to read the Book of Songs as their standard of speech and action. Among the pre-Qin philosophers, many people quoted The Book of Songs, such as Mencius, Xunzi, Mozi, Zhuangzi and Han Feizi. Quote the sentences in the Book of Songs to enhance your persuasiveness. By the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, The Book of Songs was regarded as a classic by Confucianism and became one of the six classics and five classics.
The Book of Songs is rich in content, reflecting labor and love, war and corvee, oppression and resistance, customs and marriage, ancestor worship and feasting, and even astronomical phenomena, landforms, animals and plants. It is a mirror of the social life of the Zhou Dynasty.
Creative background:
Joo Won?, the birthplace of the Zhou Dynasty, was suitable for agriculture. Poems such as Gong Liu and Mianmian Guaju in The Scholars all show that Zhou prospered the country with agriculture, and the development of agriculture promoted social progress. After the conquest, the Zhou clan became the master of the world, and the patriarchal clan system, land, slave private ownership and the rule of aristocratic lords became the social and political characteristics of this historical period. Apart from the tyranny of Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the replacement of Shang and Zhou Dynasties by Western Zhou Dynasty was mainly related to its slavery economic system.
After the establishment of the Western Zhou Dynasty, in order to ease the sharp contradiction between production relations and productivity, and to ease the class struggle, slavery was turned into serfdom, as Wang Guowei said in On the Shang Dynasty System: "The political and cultural changes in China were not drastic during the Yin and Zhou Dynasties ... On the surface, the three major changes during the Yin and Zhou Dynasties were nothing more than the rise and fall of a family and the transfer of the capital. In its own words, it is to abolish the old system, advocate the new system, abolish the old culture and advocate the new culture.
Compared with Shang Dynasty, the Western Zhou Dynasty promoted the rapid development of social spiritual civilization due to the great changes in the economic system. As a representative of literature, the appearance of The Book of Songs is an inevitable product of the progress of the times, which in turn promotes the progress of social civilization.