Liu Yong is the work of Liu Yong, a famous poet of graceful and restrained school in the Northern Song Dynasty. Qu is a common epigraph name. Liu Yong's Qu Guan Yu, whose full name is Qu Guan Yu Long Shou Yun Fei, is a farewell poem describing the lovesickness between the two places. The following is the relevant content of appreciation of Liu Yong's translation of Qu's works.
Original text:
Yun Fei Quyu Guan Longshou
Liu Yong
Yunfei is long, the river is getting late, and the smoke waves are long. Wangjiang noodles, in the swing, staring?
I am in Beijing, Yingying Fairy. Don't write an inscription. There is no evidence to break the wild goose. Ran Ran flies down to Tingzhou, thinking of dragons.
I thought to myself, at the beginning, how many people had a good time, but they didn't know it was hard to get together, and they turned into rain and hate clouds. Stop chasing you. Every time I climb a mountain near the water, I have a lifetime of worries. I am silent for a long time, but I go downstairs again.
Qu translation:
Above the mountains, clouds fly at dusk, and at night, the river is gloomy. At present a misty Wan Li. Looking at the fence for a long time, it is uncomfortable to see the mountains and rivers so cold and so depressed, and the clear autumn is bleak everywhere. In a deep well far away, there is a beautiful fairy. I haven't heard from her since we broke up, which makes me miss you very much. I watched the geese fly south, but I didn't wait for any evidence, which only made my sadness longer. Looking back on how many wonderful times we met at the beginning, who knows that we couldn't help meeting and leaving, and the joy at that time turned into infinite sadness today. Thousands of miles away, we can't meet each other, we can only miss each other. Every time I see the beautiful scenery of mountains and rivers again, it will bring back my memories, so I have to go downstairs silently alone.
The word interpretation of Qu:
(1) Qu: epigraph name.
⑵ Longshou: Also known as Tommy Tam and Ban Long, it is a dangerous place at the junction of Baoji and Gansu in Shaanxi.
(3) railing: that is, leaning against the railing of the balcony.
(4) Guanhe: Guansai River, generally referring to mountains and rivers.
5. endure: how to endure? Gaze: Gaze together.
[6] (y m: o): It's a long way. Shen Jing: Dijing, Kyoto, here refers to Bianjing (now Kaifeng).
Yingying: describes a woman's charming and lovely manner. Fairy: figuratively speaking, it refers to the singer that the poet loves.
⑻ Gold: Also called Weaving Mian Palindrome. See Su Shichuan, the wife of Tao, Su Shi, who is only one person. Name benefit, word. Well written. Tao and Fu Jian were the secretariat and were moved to quicksand. Su Shi thought that brocade was a palindrome, spinning a poem for Yuan and turning around to read it. The writing is very sad, with 840 words. Later used to refer to a letter from a wife to her husband. Difficult couple: It's hard to meet.
Pet-name ruby: Hongyan delivers books, which means that the geese have not undertaken the task of delivering books. Ran Ran: Describe the slow decline.
Ran Ran: Slowly, gradually. Pavilion: a flat ground in water or by the water.
⑾ Sichang: I miss you endlessly.
⑿ Rain hates cloud sorrow: it means that two people's love can't succeed, and their hearts are full of regret and sadness.
[13] Obstructing the pursuit of travel: being hindered by some force, unable to freely pursue one's love.
[14] Eliminating melancholy: ecstasy.
⒂ Yongri: Long day. Length also refers to time or space.
But downstairs: I had to slouch down the tall building.
Music background: None
Flexor appreciation:
This word expresses nostalgia and sadness during the journey. The first stack of words is written about what you see in front of your eyes, and the second stack is written about people who think, interweaving two parallel scenes into a double-headed one with internal relations.
The first sentence of this word is the first three sentences of Liang's famous sentence, which is the current situation and the current situation. Yun Fei, this night means a long time. Under the pavilion, under the leaves, autumn clouds begin to fly. Dragon head, still say this mountain. Clouds, the sun and smoke are all seen by the aperture, but they are far and near. Looking at the past at a glance, from the near to the far, from the real to the virtual, across the river, you can see it but not all of it, forcing you to keep your eyes closed, and writing about cherishing the scenery and looking forward to it for a long time. The five sentences in this paragraph are all about scenery, but the words "forbearance and gaze" are used to express the meaning of cherishing the scenery and being unbearable for a long time. The five sentences in this paragraph are all about scenery. With the words "stare at each other patiently", all inner activities are absorbed into the scenery written above, and the scene blends.
The second stack is the other way around, writing feelings first, then writing scenery. Three words, followed by a forbearing look. Wandering in the holy capital, writing about people who miss Bianjing: Yingying Fairy writes about the identity of people who miss Bianjing. In Tang poetry, it is customary to take fairy as a synonym for beauty, which is generally used to refer to prostitutes or female Taoist priests. This refers to the prostitutes in Bianjing. The word brocade is based on the codes of Tao Dou and Su Hui. Although the author and the fairy are informal couples, they finally left Beijing, which is similar to Tao Dou's belief. The meaning of this sentence is that although the fairy wants to send a letter to brocade, it is difficult to meet each other. Beauty could have read a book, but she said it was broken and unfounded, and she never took on its task again. It's nothing more than a legend or a metaphor that geese pass books on to people, but it's very practical that geese Ran Ran fly down to Tingzhou. From the virtual to the real, it reflects the melancholy mood of not believing and meeting each other. Think about the word "long", sum up the meaning of the second paragraph, look at it from a distance with forbearance, and then look deep.
The third stack is a leisurely narration. The melancholy of that day was really due to the joy of the old days, so I meditated on four sentences and summed up the past, writing about the sad and hateful mood of falling in love first, then leaving, leaving and never seeing again.
The phrase "Stop chasing you" inserted horizontally in the middle of four sentences and five sentences contains unspeakable bitterness. Back to now, I made another stroke, calmly described it, and made some twists and turns, pointing out that this situation of gazing at each other and meditating for a long time is not this time, but many times, and every time I climb a mountain and go into the water, I will be worried for life. It's the same this time. I feel gloomy and have nothing to say for a long time. Come downstairs. But the floor is low, and it is accessed remotely by the diaphragm for a long time, which makes the whole word from beginning to end and the blood circulation smooth.
Personal data:
Liu Yong (about 984 1053), formerly known as Sanbian, whose word is Jingzhuang, was later renamed Liu Yong, whose word is Yiqing, also known as Liu Qi, a native of Chong 'an, Fujian, a famous poet in the Northern Song Dynasty and a representative of graceful and restrained school.
Liu Yong was born in an official's family. He studied poetry when he was young and had the ambition to make a name for himself. In the fifth year of Xianping (1002), Liu Yong left his hometown and moved to Hangzhou and Suzhou, indulging in the romantic life of listening to songs and laughing. In the first year of Dazhong Xiangfu (1008), Liu Yong went to Beijing to take the imperial examination, and failed repeatedly, so he devoted himself to writing lyrics. In the first year of Jing You (1034), Liu Yong was already in his twilight years. He served as the promotion officer of Zhou Mu Yong ying, the magistrate of Yuhang County, the judge of Xiaofeng Salinity, and the official of Sizhou, so he was called Liu wasteland.
Liu Yong was the first poet who made a comprehensive innovation in Song Ci, and also created the most tunes in Song Ci. Liu Yong worked hard to create slow ci, transplanted his fu method into ci, and at the same time made full use of vulgar language, which had a far-reaching influence on the development of Song ci with its unique artistic personality such as appropriate image, incisive description and plain line drawing.
develop
Main influence
The content of Liu ci
1, describing the feelings between men and women in the civic class.
Liu Yong's ci describes the feelings between men and women in the civic class, and the heroines in the ci are mostly unfortunate women who have fallen into brothels. Liu Yong's words not only show the bold and provocative love consciousness of secular women, but also write the painful feelings of civilian women being abandoned or lovelorn. In the history of ci poetry, Liu Yong reached out to the inner world of ordinary women for the first time to tell their anguish and resentment. It is for this reason that Liu Yong's ci has become popular and popular, making it a new development trend.
2. Describe city life and street view.
Liu Yong's ci shows the prosperous urban life and colorful street customs in the Northern Song Dynasty from many aspects. Having lived in a city for a long time, liuyong has rich experience in urban life. He painted the bustling scenes of Bianjing, Luoyang, Yizhou, Yangzhou, Huiji, Jinling and Hangzhou and the amusement scenes of the citizens with colored pens. These urban customs paintings showed the peaceful atmosphere of the society at that time as never before.
3. Describe detention services
After Liu Yong failed many times in the imperial examination, he had to run around to make a living in order to get an official position. Liu Yonggong's poems about traveling are based on his personal feelings of ups and downs in official travel and wandering in rivers and lakes all his life. There are more than 60 words in the Collection of Movements, which comprehensively shows Liu Yong's complex mentality such as pursuit, frustration, contradiction, depression, bitterness and frustration in his life. In this kind of writing, Liu Yong wrote his own whereabouts and expressed his feelings of parting and lovesickness in his wandering life. The background is far broader than the homesickness words written by poets in the Five Dynasties and the early Song Dynasty, and the artistic conception is more desolate and particularly touching.
4. Others
Liu Yong also wrote a lot of words praising emperors and powerful people, and also wrote some words expressing himself and lamenting the suffering of life. For example, his poem "Qi Jia" is the longest word in the movement collection. In his words, he reviewed his life, with many feelings between the lines, and sang the sad voice that unfortunate people were reduced to the end of the world, which was known as the legacy of Li Sao.
achievements of art
1, enriching the tone of the text
During the Tang and Five Dynasties, the style of ci was mainly Xiao Ling, and there were only a dozen slow words. In the early Song Dynasty, it was a poem that poets were good at and used to. Zhang Xian, Yan Shu and Ouyang Xiu, who were a little later than Liu Yong, only tried to write 17, 3 and 13 slow words respectively, and the proportion of slow words in their total words was very small. Liu Yong wrote 87 slow words, 125 songs, and was the first person to write a large number of slow words. Liu Yong's efforts to create slow ci fundamentally changed the pattern of the world dominated by poetry since the Tang and Five Dynasties, and made the two styles of slow ci and slow poetry keep pace.
Liu Yong was also the poet who wrote and used the most tunes in Song Dynasty. According to statistics, among more than 880 songs in Song Dynasty, 100 was used by Liu Yong for the first time. From Ci to Liu Yong, the system began to prepare, and the long and short tones such as sequence, introduction, proximity, slowness, monotony, disyllabic, triple and quadruple are increasingly abundant. The perfection of the formal system provides a premise for the development of Song Ci and the development of its successors in content.
2. Elegant and popular.
Ci originally came from folk, and Dunhuang Quzi Ci was mostly folk. After reaching the hands of literati, it was gradually used to express the life and feelings of literati. Liu Yong lived in the middle and early period of the Northern Song Dynasty, where the citizen class had gradually grown. He hung out in brothels and knew the life of citizens quite well. Liu Yong's ci works, which express women's life and feelings, not only change and develop the tone style of ci, but also change the aesthetic connotation and taste of ci from the creative direction, that is, change "elegance" into "vulgarity" and make ci re-enter the market from the aristocratic literature salon.
However, Liu Yong's "Stay in the Tour" is quite elegant. The words "staying on the journey" are mostly related to the lack of talents and the decline of the world. These words express the feelings of a scholar and belong to the category of elegance. In terms of writing techniques, Liu Yong is also compatible with the expressive techniques of poetry. The creation of artistic conception, the rendering of atmosphere, the use of allusions and the choice of words and sentences all reflect the characteristics of elegance, which makes his ci show the characteristics of appealing to both refined and popular tastes.
3. Expression skills
(1) lyric self-realization.
Five pronouns in the late Tang Dynasty, except for Wei Zhuang and Li Yu's later works, mostly express the feelings of parting from sorrow and loving men and women, and mainly adopt the lyric mode of "endorsement"; Liu Yong's ci pays attention to expressing his unique life experience and mentality, adopts the lyric mode of "endorsement" and pays attention to emotional experience. The word "He Jinbang" is a typical example of this kind of works, which expresses his resentment after his fame fell to Sun Shan, and also shows his rebellious spirit and uninhibited personality.
② Popularization of language.
Liu Yong also made bold innovations in the language expression of ci. Different from literati ci since the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, he only practiced elegant and beautiful language from written vocabulary, and made full use of daily spoken language and slang in real life. For example, pronouns such as I, You, Yi, Zijia, Yi Jia and A Who, adverbs such as You, How and Zheng, and verbs such as Kancheng, Dulai, Dying and extermination. Using expressive spoken language to input words is not only lively, but also makes readers and listeners feel cordial and easy to understand and accept.