Two Poems of the Book of Songs is the first text in Unit 2 of the fourth compulsory Chinese lesson in senior high school. Chinese in senior high school arranges texts according to the development order of China's ancient poems. As the source of China's poetry, The Book of Songs is self-evident. After the new curriculum reform, the textbooks began to arrange the study of ancient poetry from the second phase of Grade One in Senior High School, with the aim of letting students know the origin of poetry and how the ancients expressed their thoughts with poetry, so as to understand the connection between ancient and modern cultures and cultivate and carry forward national culture and national spirit.
The Chinese Curriculum Standard points out that the basic feature of Chinese curriculum is the unity of instrumentality and humanity. The Chinese course in senior high school should further improve students' Chinese literacy, make students have strong Chinese application ability, certain aesthetic ability and inquiry ability, form good ideological and moral quality and scientific and cultural quality, and lay the foundation for lifelong learning and personalized development. According to this feature, the three-dimensional objectives of this course are as follows:
Knowledge and ability: 1) Understand the basic knowledge of The Book of Songs;
2) Distinguish the unique auxiliary words and modal particles in The Book of Songs, and understand rare words and words with special meanings;
3) By grasping the changes of the heroine's feelings, we can initially appreciate the characters with distinctive personalities in the text.
Process and method: By reading the text, we can master the usage of key real words and function words in the poem, and cultivate and improve students' ability to accurately grasp the thoughts and feelings of the work.
Emotions, attitudes and values;
1) Make students understand China's yearning for sincere love in ancient times and cultivate noble sentiments;
2) initially cultivate students' correct view of love;
3) Understand the process of the Book of Songs and its special literary value, and guide students to cherish China culture and love China language.
Teaching focus:
1) Implement the meaning and usage of function words in classical Chinese and recite the text.
2) Understand what poetry expresses? Resentment? Accurately grasp the emotional changes of the heroine in the poem.
Teaching difficulties:
Understand what poetry expresses. Resentment? Accurately grasp the emotional changes of the heroine in the poem.
Second, teaching methods:
According to the characteristics of this paper, in the teaching process of this course, the teaching method, reading method, inspiration method and discussion method are mainly adopted.
The purpose of teaching is to inspire students' thinking, enter the context, and let students have a clear understanding of the classical Chinese knowledge points involved in poetry. Through repeated reading, cultivate students' sense of language, be familiar with the content of the text and strengthen it. Questioning and discussion can make teachers and students interact, stimulate divergent thinking and improve students' interest in learning Chinese. Proper use of these teaching methods can improve students' overall Chinese literacy and achieve the teaching objectives of this course.
At the same time, through the use of multimedia courseware, play model essay reading with the music of the text, show relevant literary common sense, let students get an intuitive impression, help students understand the text, enrich classroom capacity, save time and improve efficiency.
Third, the methods of speaking and learning:
The new teaching theory not only requires students to learn, but more importantly, to learn. This lesson is an ancient poem with narrative as the main theme. Therefore, students studying this course mainly adopt reading and discussion methods.
Students read independently and listen to songs, and teachers guide students to read. Through repeated reading, we can cultivate a sense of language, master the reading rhythm of four-character poems, be familiar with the content of the text, and implement the important content words in the poems. Teachers' setting up situations, organizing students' discussion and mobilizing students' emotional experience can help students better understand the emotional changes of characters and initially cultivate students' correct view of love.
Fourth, talk about the teaching process:
The teaching of this lesson can be divided into the following parts:
1, review the relevant knowledge of the Book of Songs in combination with what you have learned in junior high school. The Book of Songs is the first collection of poems in China, which occupies an important position in the history of literature. Meng is one of the famous works, so it is necessary to talk about the literary knowledge of the Book of Songs in study. Including? What are the six meanings of the Book of Songs? Among them, the metaphor involved in Meng is the focus of relevant literary common sense. This part of the study is arranged in the introduction part. By reviewing the contents related to junior middle school Chinese in the Book of Songs, such as Jia Jian and Guan Ju, we can talk about relevant knowledge points. In this link, use multimedia courseware to show the knowledge points corresponding to literary common sense:
What are the six meanings of the first collection of poems in The Book of Songs? Feng Ya-song and Fu Bi started four-character poems.
2. Reading aloud is divided into two parts: listening to music and reading aloud by students themselves. First, listen to the students read aloud and guide them to grasp the rhythm of reading four-character poems (multimedia courseware shows two beats). In the process of reading aloud, according to the after-class notes, make clear the phonetic glyphs, master the usage and significance of key notional words (multimedia courseware shows the phonetic glyphs of uncommon words and the usage and significance of key notional words that should be mastered), and have an overall understanding of the story content of poetry narrative.
3. Under the guidance of the teacher, help students grasp the emotional changes of the heroine. Are you happy? Sad? Resentment, and clarify the main feelings expressed in this poem? Resentment? , and thus other problems, break through this teaching difficulty.
4. On the basis of grasping the overall content of the poem and understanding the emotional changes of the heroine, further appreciate the poem. This is the main part of this lesson. By designing four questions (? Why does the heroine complain? 、? What does she complain about? 、? Where will she go after complaining? 、? How is her emotional change reflected in her poems? ), guide students to further understand the content of the poem, grasp the ideological significance of the poem (not only an accusation of self-protection, but also a criticism of the humble position of women in the society at that time), understand the progress of the poem (showing the spirit of women's daring to resist and pursue happiness), and experience the artistic technique of expressing emotions while telling the poem, and expressing emotions through memory and comparison. In this link, through the teacher's question design, guidance and inspiration, student discussion, around? Resentment? Expand the problem and put in the teaching difficulties of this course, so that the teaching difficulties can be broken through.
5. Summarize the characters' personality characteristics and appreciate the vivid characters in poetry. Character analysis is based on solving the previous problems. We need to pay attention to guiding students to find the corresponding poems from the text, and finally the teacher will summarize and make clear the heroine's personality characteristics: diligence, gentleness, kindness and strength.
6. On the basis of repeated reading, ask students to try to recite. There are many uncommon words in The Book of Songs, which will bring some difficulties for students to recite. Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to strengthen the students' mastery of pronunciation and fonts. Teachers should sort out and summarize the stories in poems, guide students to recite on the basis of understanding, and clarify the key points and difficulties in recitation by specifying important words and expressions for students. So we can break through the teaching focus of this course.
7. Homework design allows students to adapt poems into modern poems or novels. 8. Class summary.
The Book of Songs was born in the simple era of literary creation. For thousands of years, in the Book of Songs, especially? National wind? One of the important reasons why some excellent articles are enduring is that the contents they reflect are close to the lives of ordinary people and express the simplest feelings of working people, which also brings inspiration to our writing. Therefore, arrange the course summary as follows:
Dream tells an ancient life event that is still repeated countless times. Today, however, we are reading the poems of more than 2,000 years ago, but we are never tired of the age and the common theme. This is precisely because it did not deliberately carve, but followed the changes and development of the heroine's feelings, which naturally generated the ups and downs of the poetry layout. In fact, this is the true meaning of literature? Describe the truest life and express the simplest feelings. From this, we can also get enlightenment. In our writing, we should also throw away those flashy appearances and express our real life and sincere feelings with the pen in our hands.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) The premise and solution of possible problems in the teaching of this course;
The teaching design of this lesson is to understand what poetry expresses. Resentment? Taking this as the center, this paper raises several questions to complete the teaching of poetry content perception, character image analysis, ideological significance grasp and artistic technique appreciation. In this process, the classroom capacity is large, and teachers need to do a good job of students' preview before class. In classroom teaching, we should use a large number of media courseware, on the one hand, to give students a complete knowledge system, on the other hand, it is easy to control the rhythm of classroom teaching. In addition, this class is a famous love poem, which will inevitably involve the discussion of love concept in classroom teaching. How to grasp the scale and avoid turning the appreciation of love poems into the discussion of pure love concept is a particularly noteworthy problem in classroom teaching.
Attachment: blackboard design:
The Book of Songs
Why complain about infatuation and abandon it for no reason?
Complain about her husband's fickleness and injustice in the world
After complaining, learn from the bitter experience and refuse to protect yourself.
The teaching purpose of "Meng" teaching design;
1. Learn the common sense of the Book of Songs.
2. The plot and theme of Meng's novels.
Key points and difficulties:
1, can read this poem accurately, and pay attention to its rhythm and rhyme.
2. Translate the text by reading notes.
3. Dream is a narrative poem, which is a key point to clarify the narrative plot of the poem.
Teaching process:
Clue:
Is love so beautiful? In this lesson, we will feel the heroine's love and marriage process from Meng.
First, check the preview
Second, students sort out the words
Read together and ask four students to tell the content of the poem separately.
What is the content of the whole poem? Emotional tone?
Love (Chapters 1 and 2)? Enthusiasm and happiness
Marriage (Chapters 3, 4 and 5)? Resentment, pain
Sleep (Chapter 6)? Sober and strong-willed
4. Ask questions and teach reading
1. In the first section, the narrative rhythm of the poem is quite similar to the montage technique of the film, and three scenes with strong visual effects are selected to express it. Please summarize these three scenarios in concise language.
Clear: first meeting? Engaged? Make an appointment with each other
2. What impression did Meng initially leave on the heroine? Hey? Loyalty and honesty
3. How did Meng propose? How does the heroine treat him? Did she promise him at once?
The hero:? Embroidered silk? Talk to me about marriage under the guise of barter.
Heroine: Affectionate and profound? Send a son to Qi, as for Dunqiu? , politely refused? When I was a bandit, there was no good media.
4. How does the hero reply to the heroine's words? Is the marriage negotiated?
The hero: (imagine) angry
Heroine:? Will children be angry? Will autumn last?
5. Q: What are their personalities in these scenes? The girl and her lover agreed on a wedding date. What kind of performance did the girl have in the long waiting process?
Clear: Young men are duplicitous, impatient and willful.
Girls are gentle, considerate, affectionate, traditional and considerate.
? Take it? Six sentences vividly describe the psychology and performance of a girl in love.
? Return? It may be where young people live. Girl, later? Crying? For a while? Talking and laughing? , showing the yearning and affection for young men. Girls in love are so naive, lively and warm.
6. What did Meng do before she got married? What was the result?
? Buer was shocked and innocent?
7. What personality traits did the hero and heroine show before marriage?
M: I am very serious about marriage.
Heroine: infatuation
8. Why did the heroine suddenly write? Mulberry? What are the changes before and after the leaves fall?
Seeing the mulberry tree and thinking of its ups and downs is like your own destiny.
9. What feelings does the heroine have for the woman? What do you think of her point of view? There is nothing to worry about.
10. What kind of life does the heroine live after marriage? What does she think is wrong with the tragedy of marriage?
At the age of three, I have been eating poor and can't sleep at night.
1 1. What do people around you think of the heroine?
Qi yi laughed.
12. What personality traits did the hero and heroine show after marriage?
M: inconsiderate, irritable and half-hearted.
Female: Hard-working, willing to bear hardships and work hard.
13. What's the heroine's attitude towards men in the last paragraph? Qi has a shore, Ji has a pan? What's the function here? What's the moral? What personality traits do the hero and heroine show?
Never part.
On the one hand, Bi Xing expressed his melancholy, on the other hand, he showed his attitude, and his patience with men was limited.
M: changeable.
Woman: Strong and resolute.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) deepens the discussion
Application of Fu Bixing's Manipulation in this article
The whole text uses fu. Embrace trade silk for self-protection. ?
Bi xing:? Mulberry has not fallen, leaves have fallen, yellow leaves have a shore, and there is a plate?
Take the turtle dove's gluttony for mulberries as an example to warn women not to be fascinated by love. (Confucius? Too much? )
The fresh and moist natural situation of mulberry leaves is used to describe the young and beautiful situation of women, and also to express strong affection when they are in love; The natural situation of mulberry leaves withering and falling is a metaphor for the situation of Huang Zhi, an old woman, and also refers to the inner change and emotional exhaustion of self-protection. At the same time, mulberry trees triggered a story about their aging and abandonment. What is this? Xing? . Generally speaking, mulberry leaves are light yellow to describe the love life from happiness to pain.