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Two Poems by Guo Moruo
Teaching assumption
Introduce association and imagination appropriately to guide students to understand the role of association and imagination in the art of poetry.
The poet writes the story of the beautiful market in the sky, transforms the cowherd and the weaver girl, and writes the legend of the shark weeping for pearls, with the purpose of expressing his yearning for the ideal realm in contrast to the life that is not free and dark in reality, so the writing background should be properly introduced.
These two poems have beautiful artistic conception and slow rhythm, and have the charm and interest of classical poems. They are suitable for reading, so we should strengthen reading guidance.
Teaching content and steps
Streets in the sky
First, guide people to take new courses.
The starry sky, with its unparalleled vastness and mystery, has aroused people's colorful reverie and created many beautiful and moving legends. Friend, facing the starry sky, what do you think of? We say that the poet's imagination is the most magnificent, so what does China's modern great poet Guo Moruo think? Please turn to Sky Market.
Second, the author's brief introduction.
Guo Moruo (1892— 1978), formerly known as Guo Kaizhen, was born in Leshan, Sichuan. Modern poets and scholars. His representative works include the collection of poems Goddess and Starry Sky.
Third, the writing background.
This poem was written in the early 1920s. At this time, the wave of the May 4th Movement has subsided, and the era of the Great Revolution has not yet arrived. China, a semi-colonial feudal country, is still being suffocated by imperialist powers and warlords of various factions. Faced with this reality, the poet felt disappointed and miserable. He hates the dark reality and yearns for a bright future. Inspired by the brilliant starry sky, I wrote this famous romantic poem Market in the Sky.
Fourth, be familiar with poetry and guide reading aloud.
1. Let the students read the whole poem by themselves and feel the emotional tone of the whole poem.
Clear: The emotional tone of this poem is beautiful, quiet, comfortable, fresh and slightly melancholy.
2。 How to read poetry in this emotional tone?
Clear: when reading aloud, the rhythm should not be strong, the sound should not be loud, the speed should not be fast, and it should be relaxed, soft and soothing.
3. Play the recording. After listening to the tape, please try to read aloud according to your impression of listening to the tape. The teacher will distinguish the rhythm and stress of this poem clearly.
Streets in the sky
Distant/street lamp/clear, you see, shallow Tianhe,
Like/twinkle/countless/stars. It must be/not very/extensive.
The stars in the sky have appeared, and the cowherd and the weaver girl across the river,
It seems to be/burning/countless/street lamps. I'm sure I can ride an ox/come and go.
I feel/ethereal/air, I feel/they/at the moment,
There must be a/good market. Of course/wandering in the street/around,
Some items in the market/array, don't believe it,/look/that meteor,
This must be/the world/not uncommon. It's them/carrying lanterns/walking.
Fifth, analyze and interpret the whole poem.
Explain the first verse.
1. Teacher demonstration reading section.
2. What does "The Street Lights in the Distance are Clear" tell us?
Clear: It means it's night and it's already dark.
3. What does the poet see in the face of the night?
Qing: Looking up from afar, I saw countless street lamps dotted in the dark sky, like countless stars in the night sky. Looking up at the starry sky, countless stars are also like countless street lamps on the ground. In this section, the poet compares "street lamp" to "star", and "star" to "street lamp", from near to far, and then from far to near, forming a cyclical poetic beauty.
Some students often miss the word "yes" when reading aloud. Please think about it: is the word "yes" redundant?
Clarity: add a word "yes" after "as if" to form syllables, which will make it more stretched and better express the author's appreciation.
Association is used in two places in this poem. Please find out and think about the characteristics of association.
Clear: two associations: street lamp = star
The so-called association is the psychological process of thinking of another thing from one thing.
(2) Explain the second section.
1. Please read the second section separately.
2. Association is a psychological process from one thing to another. There is a causal relationship or similar relationship between two things, such as "street lamp" and "star". So what is imagination? Did you use imagination in the second quarter?
Clarity: The so-called imagination is the process of creating a new image on the basis of the original perceptual image. It makes people creatively think that there should be "beautiful markets" and strange "objects" in the sky, which is imagination.
3. How does the poet describe his imagination?
Clarity: The poet uses "beauty" to describe the market, "rarity" to describe the goods, and the word "display" to explain the types of goods.
4. What is the tone when the author tries to describe these scenes?
Clear: Very sure. It can be seen from the word "affirmation".
5. What emotions did the author reveal in this writing?
Qing: The sky is so prosperous and rich that life in the sky is of course extremely beautiful and happy. Between the lines, the poet's longing for this beautiful and happy life is revealed.
(3) learning the third verse;
1, ask a classmate to blaspheme the third section.
2. If the second paragraph of the poem describes the static scenery in the poet's imagination, what does the poet describe with rich imagination in the third paragraph of the poem?
Clarity: The poet thinks from "beautiful market" and "strange objects" that there should be people and people's activities in the street. This "person" is the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, and then describes the dynamic scenery.
3. What is the fate of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl described by the poet? How is it different from the legendary story?
Clear: The legendary Cowherd and Weaver Girl are not free, and they are under the autocratic rule of the Queen Mother. The poet boldly transformed this folk story according to his own wishes and ideals. In this poem, the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl were liberated and they lived a free and happy life. They come and go on cattle. They live in a free world.
4。 Is the poet's imagination reasonable? Why did he make such a transformation?
Clear: The poet's imagination is reasonable. He imagined it according to the stars, because the faint milky way looks really shallow and not very wide. The author writes this way to express his ideals, his feelings, his resistance to the oppression of the dark forces and his yearning for a free and happy life.
(4) study the fourth quarter.
1. Ask a classmate to read the fourth section aloud.
2. What is this section about?
Qing:: Write Cowherd and Weaver Maid strolling through Tianjie with lanterns.
3. Can the word "wandering" in this section be interchanged with the word "walking back and forth" in the previous section?
Clear: No, "going back and forth" means that the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl ride an ox across the shallow Tianhe to meet the Weaver Girl. Wandering leisurely in Tianjie can only be said to be "wandering".
There is a quantifier in this poem that is very unique. Please find it.
Clear: "flowers"
5. Isn't it more popular to change it to "one"?
Qing: The word "flower" shows the beauty of a meteor like a flower, which complements the beautiful life of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl.
(5) Summarize and analyze the whole poem:
1. How did this poem gradually expand its association and imagination?
Clear: The unfolding process is: street lamp (star)-market-commodity-people-life.
This poem has both realism and imagination. Please find out and understand their respective roles in the poem?
Clear: the first section is reality, and the last three sections are imagination. Realism paves the way for imagination, which expresses yearning for a better ideal realm.
3. In imagination, the author used some extremely positive words, such as "there must be", "there must be", "don't believe" and "yes". What does this mean? Please think according to the background of the times and the characteristics of the poet's personality, temperament and poetic style.
Clarity: It shows that the author firmly believes that such an ideal world exists and is full of confidence in a bright future.
tranquil night
First, guide reading aloud.
1. The emotional tone of this poem is similar to that of the last one. Please read it first and try to distinguish the rhythm and stress.
2. When reading this poem, the rhythm should not be strong, the voice should not be loud, the speed should not be fast, and it should be gentle and soothing. The rhythm stress of the whole poem is divided as follows:
tranquil night
Moonlight/Pale Tianhe/Where?
Shrouded in the village/outside the village/in the pine forest. Distant/foggy/hazy.
White clouds/clouds, I'm afraid there will be/Jiao Ren holding it,
Missing/when/the stars. On the moon/beads?
Second, analyze and explain the whole poem.
1. This poem is divided into two sections. Let the students think-which part is realistic? Which section is about imagination?
Clarity: The first section is realistic, which describes the moonlight and night scenes on the earth. The second section is about imagination, imagining Jiao Ren on the bank of Tianhe River.
Please describe the artistic conception of the whole poem in beautiful prose language.
Qing: the faint moonlight is shrouded in the pine forest outside the village; A few stars loomed between the clouds in the sky. The poet stood alone by the sea, looking at the misty sea fog in the distance, and couldn't help thinking, wondering if there is a beautiful Jiao Ren beside the vast Tianhe River at this moment? Like me, in the face of such a quiet and beautiful but sad moonlit night, did you cry sadly?
3. Let the students understand what feelings the poet expressed in this poem.
Clarity: It reveals the poet's faint sadness, helplessness and melancholy due to his disappointment with the times and his yearning for his motherland, hometown and relatives.
4. These two poems are written from the ground to the sky, and they are associated with people and things in the legend in the sky from real scenes, so as to set off the poet's disappointment, dissatisfaction and uncertainty about the future and express his hazy ideals and pursuits. But there are still some differences between the two poems. Please feel carefully. Which of the two poems reveals the poet's thoughts and feelings more clearly?
Qing: The previous poem. This can be seen from the different myths and legends used in the two poems.