1, beat Hu Hai.
As the first usurper in the history of China's feudal imperial power, Won Hu Hai didn't leave the impression of wily, except for his great ambition, he seemed to be useless. Perhaps this is the only thing like his father's emperor, which made him win the favor of the first emperor, be around him, and get a golden opportunity to usurp the throne. This is the great fortune of Hu Hai himself, the great misfortune of his brother winning Fu Su, and the great tragedy of the 20 million people in Qin. As a typical black sheep, he and his father, an emperor through the ages, hand in hand to explain what is meant by "its prosperity is also rich, and its death is also sudden." The only way to win Hu Hai is that he maintained the construction of three world architectural wonders at the expense of the destruction of his home country, and cast an indelible stone tablet for himself and the Daqin Empire-engraved with Qin Song and epitaph.
2. Wang Mang
As a consort of the royal family in the Western Han Dynasty, he inherited the tradition that consorts were in power in the Han Dynasty, and gradually embarked on the road of being a powerful minister from consorts. Wang Mang is humble and polite, virtuous and virtuous, and has the moral character of putting righteousness above family. Therefore, he gradually rose from an ordinary Yoko to the head of the powerful, and finally became the second usurper in China's feudal imperial power era with his high prestige and bloodless court coup. Wang Mang is a famous reformer in the history of China. His new regime only existed for 14 years. The reason why he is so short-lived is mainly due to his bold and failed reforms. According to the theory of success or failure, Wang Mang became a notorious figure in history and the image spokesperson of the "hypocrite" brand. If Wang Mang dies before usurping the throne, I'm afraid he will become a model of a good man and a good minister. Eight hundred years later, a poet named Bai Juyi lamented: "The ambassador died at the beginning, but who knows the truth of his life."
3.cao pi
As a consort of the royal family in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Pi inherited the family business of his father Cao Cao and became the last powerful minister in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Due to heredity, Cao Zihuan is slightly famous in literature, but he is most famous for being jealous of his younger brother Cao Zhi, leaving a tidbit that forced him to become a seven-step poem. Cao Pi lacks the reputation of Wang Mang, but as the actual supreme leader of the Eastern Han regime, it is logical for him to succeed Emperor Xiandi as a lifelong puppet. As the third usurper, Cao Pi inherited and promoted Wang Mang's bloodless coup, but it seems that Cao Pi is more to blame than Wang Mang, because his victim, the late emperor, is an adult, and his psychological damage is definitely far greater than that of an ignorant two-year-old child. Fortunately, his father, Cao Cao, shared most of his notoriety, so that Cao Pi was accused of being morally inferior to "hypocrite" Wang Mang, and at best he could only win the reputation of a "real villain".
4. Sima Yan
Young Sima Yan lacked originality in usurping the throne. As the third generation head of Sima family in Cao Wei, he confidently replayed the old play of Cao Pi, the former monarch. However, this achievement is mainly attributed to his grandfather Sima Yi, uncle Sima Shi and father Si Mazhao. His achievement is to return the Three Kingdoms to Kim. The reputation of the third unifier in the feudal imperial power era in China was far better than that of the fourth usurper. Unfortunately, however, the ancient Han nationality has evolved into a decadent period in Sima Yan's time, and he himself has become a typical corrupt person without exception. After he entrusted the country and the people to the mentally retarded Prince Sima Zhong, the doomsday trial of the ancient Han nationality was irrevocably accelerated.
5. Emperor Wu of Song
Among several usurpers in the decline of the ancient Han nationality, Emperor Wu of the Eastern Jin Dynasty was chosen for a reason. Unlike Wang Mang, Cao Pi and Sima Yan, Emperor Wu of Song was not born in a rich family. On the contrary, he was born in a humble family, and his power and status were completely established by himself, with little money to eat. Emperor Wu of Song was also the first emperor born among civilians since Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang. The appearance of Emperor Wu of Song is of great historical significance. His family history, from the military to the political arena to the peak of power, has an inestimable role model and demonstration for people with lofty ideals who have mastered military power in the future. One of the most obvious examples is that just 59 years later, the Song Dynasty established by Emperor Wu of Song was usurped by a military commander named Xiao Daocheng. After 100 years or even longer, the regime change in China mostly evolved according to the rules formulated by Emperor Wu of Song. What needs to be severely condemned for Emperor Wu of Song is that this warrior-born emperor launched a bloody coup. After him, the usurper deprived the victim of the right to exist while depriving him of the throne, which became an indispensable annex to the law of Emperor Wu of Song.
6. Emperor Wendi Sui
After 272 years of dark days from the Sixteen Countries in the Eastern Jin Dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the legacy of the aging ancient Han nationality in the southeast was declared dead after being run over by a unified wheel. At the same time, the newly born mixed-race Han nationality has grown rapidly with the emergence of a new unified country. When 40-year-old Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty took over the throne from his 8-year-old grandson, he probably didn't realize that he would become a key figure in the history of China and Han nationality. In the year of knowing the destiny, Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty completed the unification of China, which was second only to the Qin Dynasty. This reunification declared that there is no longer the possibility of China falling into permanent division. As the first generation leader of the new Han nationality, Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty took the country and the nation to the aboveboard road through a bloodless coup. The career he started reached a brilliant peak in the hands of Li Shimin, the second generation leader of the new Han nationality.
7. Huang Zhu
In the long Tang Dynasty, the rule of usurpation formulated by Emperor Wu of Song once became a dead letter, until Huang Zhu picked it up again and carried it forward. Under the guidance of Huang Zhu, the wind of military commanders usurping the throne in the Northern and Southern Dynasties prevailed again in the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. From Zhu Wen, the fierce general of Huang Chao peasant army, to Zhu Quanzhong, the king of Liang in Tang Dynasty, and then to Huang Zhu, the usurper's experience is strikingly similar to that of Liu Bang, the ancestor of Han Dynasty, and Zhu Yuanzhang, the ancestor of Ming Dynasty. But there is no doubt that Huang Zhu's hooliganism is much higher than that of Liu Bang and Zhu Yuanzhang. With this extraordinary rogue means, he founded a generation of Central Plains Dynasty in the capital of song dynasty in the land of the Fourth World War without the assistance of Sean, Han Xin or Xu Da Liu Ji. It's a pity that Huang Zhu is not only a rogue, but also a little too much. Cao Cao appreciated Sun Quan and only let Liu Jingsheng's son associate with pigs and dogs. He appreciates Li's direct comparison of his son to an animal, but he doesn't know that his son is an animal. What is this, Lao Tzu? As a result, the old rascal himself ended badly-he was literally executed by his third beast Zhu.
8. Zhao Kuangyin
Surprisingly, the greatest politician among Chinese emperors turned out to be a usurper who was born as a samurai. Zhao Kuangyin has restored the fine tradition of bloodless coup since Wang Mang, and completely abolished the "Liu Yufa" after implementing it with reservations. In kicking down the ladder, Zhao Kuangyin is also much gentler and wiser than Emperor Gaozu and Ming Taizu. What those two people need to do with knives, your majesty can solve it with a glass of wine. What is even more amazing is that this warrior-born emperor successfully transformed the powerful scholar-bureaucrat class, and he voluntarily gave up part of his ruling power, thus winning the ideological loyalty of the scholar-bureaucrat class. This high degree of ideological unity of the ruling class can only be compared with the rejection of Confucianism by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. The emperor's transformation from a lonely political idol to a spiritual symbol of literati is of epoch-making significance, which means that the imperial power has won the eternal support of literati, and the era of Wang Mang Cao Pi and Liu Yu is gone forever.
9. Judy
Among many usurpers, Judy, Emperor Taizong of Ming Dynasty, was among the best, if not among the best. He reopened the canal, built Beijing, conquered Annan, made five trips to Mobei, seven trips to the West, ten rounds of hard labor, and edited the Yongle Grand Ceremony ... Even if he only did one of them, it was enough to make a name for himself. No wonder Emperor Jiajing changed the name of his first emperor's temple from Zong to Zu. Judy inherited her father's pro-democracy and anti-corruption side, but also inherited his father's cruel killing side, except that his killing was not aimed at his own hero, but at political opponents who supported orthodoxy. After Zhao Kuangyin's political reform, the loyalty of the literati class to the orthodox imperial power exceeded Judy's imagination. His criticism of the ten families and Guateng can only deal with individuals, but can't deal with the orthodox consciousness that has risen to social morality. Perhaps everything Chu Di did was to prove that he was better than his unfortunate nephew Jian Wendi. When realizing that the change of Jingnan has become a stain that can't be washed away for life, the bigoted have to work hard to get historical understanding.
10, Yong Zhengdi
Whether Yin Zhen usurped the throne is still inconclusive, but in the traditional concept, the evaluation of this suspicious heir to the throne has indeed been greatly influenced. The examples of Judy and Yin Zhen tell us that we must never offend the literati. Even if the emperor can get the upper hand with a butcher's knife, the pen of a scholar-bureaucrat can make them bear eternal infamy. The political persecution after winning the throne is the failure of Yin Zhen and Judy, and Yin Zhen seems to be more stupid than Judy. He didn't win the world by force, and there was no legal heir to the throne for him to overthrow. The bloodshed after the coup meant nothing to him. If he had been gentle, he wouldn't have been so diligent that he died in the line of duty to clear his name.