Although Li Qingzhao is a woman, there is no lack of "masculinity" in her works. The lyrics she wrote have the unique graceful and delicate characteristics of women, which are much more natural than the works of men who imitate women's psychology and make graceful words. With the blessing of masculinity, Li Qingzhao jumped out of the small circle of ancient women and reached a quite high pattern, thus leaving countless timeless classics.
Li Qingzhao: Family background, talent.
Li Qingzhao is a typical lady, born in a scholarly family. His father Li is a student of Su Shi, a scholar and an official of North Korea. He has a rich collection of books and well-written articles. Growing up in such a family environment, Li Qingzhao was very famous since childhood, and the famous writer Chao once praised her. At that time, her poems were fresh and natural, lively and lovely. "Like a Dream" (the rain suddenly dispersed last night) was written in this issue. When the word came out, it was a sensation.
Later, marrying Zhao Mingcheng was a perfect combination of talented people and beautiful women. For example, Qin Guan's "Queqiao Fairy" wrote: "When the golden wind meets the dew, it will win, but there are countless people in the world." The happiness of her newly married life deepened her love for life, and her feelings for her daughter in her works were even more touching. Although life is poor, it is elegant, harmonious and full of interest, which is reflected in some of her ci works.
Later, after going through troubled times, the style of Li Qingzhao's ci changed, and sadness became an inseparable idea in her ci, but her creative potential also fully erupted. There are seven pairs of overlapping words in Slow Sound, which is extremely sad and is a masterpiece of ci. During her separation, she paid more attention to current affairs and never forgot to satirize politics. Feelings of home and country are not only for men, but also for women. In addition to expressing concern about state affairs in her works, she also tries her best to protect cultural relics. She was in trouble when escorting books and cultural relics through Zhenjiang. She finally rescued these treasures and brought them to jiangning house, which shows her wisdom and courage.
Later, when Zhao Mingcheng died, Li Qingzhao had to remarry with Zhang Ruzhou. However, the person she married was not human. She sued Zhang Ruzhou for various crimes, but was deeply imprisoned for "wife suing husband". Fortunately, she was saved by others. Since then, she has many works to resist aggression and miss the motherland until her death.
Li Qingzhao, a talented woman, and the "Masculinity" in her Ci.
Li Qingzhao is not an ordinary woman. There were quite a few female writers in ancient China. Although they were less than 1 12 compared with male writers, there were also some famous writers, such as Zhu of Li Qingzhao in the Eastern Han Dynasty and Liu of the Ming Dynasty. , but not enough to compare with Li Qingzhao. As soon as the name Li Qingzhao came out, other female writers were eclipsed. Yang Shen, who wrote "Linjiang Fairy Rolling the Yangtze River to the East" in the Ming Dynasty, said: "Song people wrote lyrics, which is also called the first. Put it on your clothes. When you compete with Chyi Chin and Huang Jiu, you are not alone in the boudoir. Its name "Shuyuji" was not found. The word "slow voice" is the most beautiful. ..... In the valley, the so-called "taking the old as the new, taking the vulgar as the elegant", Yi An got it first. "
This is attributed to Li Qingzhao's combination of her life and literary works, and also to her free and easy personality without losing men in her works. Her works represent her life's mental journey, from being lively and cheerful as a girl, to the elegance and pride of making tea and wine, and then to worrying about the country and the people when she is old, lamenting the mental journey of life. We can get a glimpse of her life from her works.
First, the delicate history of literature evaluates Li Qingzhao with a generous personality, and generally highly praises her true colors, and often compares her with Li Yu, the queen of the Southern Tang Dynasty, saying that both of them are representative poets of the school of true colors of Ci. Shen Qian, a rhyming scientist in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, once said, "Li Houzhu among men and Li Yian among women are all very real colors."
Indeed, Li Qingzhao is good at describing women's forms, depicting women's delicacy and gentleness, and capturing women's subtle emotional and psychological changes under the changes of time and environment, which is very natural for male writers to imitate women's hearts with men. And look at her song "Little Red Lip":
Swing on the swing, too lazy to rub delicate hands. Beside her, the thin Germany hung with crystal dew, and the sweat on her chest permeated with the thin silk robe.
Suddenly, a guest came. She was desperate. She walked away without shoes, only wearing socks, and even the gold pin on her head fell off. She ran away shyly and leaned against the door, smelling the fragrance of plum flowers.
This poem pays attention to words, and words such as "carelessness", "slip" and "smell" reveal the modality of the little daughter. A young, lively and charming girl emerged from the paper. She was particularly shy when she saw the guests, but she was bold and curious when she looked back against the door. Finally, she inadvertently smelled the breath of childhood, and all the feelings that were difficult to express in words infiltrated into it. This is really great.
However, Li Qingzhao's personality is not only delicate, but also generous, which is her free and easy treatment of men. We are all familiar with her masterpiece Dream:
I often remember the pavilion by the stream next to the pavilion until the sunset, intoxicated by the beautiful scenery and lingering. Always had a good time, but lost to the swimming pool deep in Zhu Feng. How to row a boat out, accidentally, but scared a group of Oulu.
The vast realm of this word, if not known to be written by Li Qingzhao, also makes people think that it was written by a male writer. After a pleasant tour, the girl came home late and accidentally went the wrong way. Although it was an accident, the wrong road is also beautiful. Lotus seems to be an unexpected paradise and has remained in the author's memory ever since. Although they were "struggling" in the panic at that time, it was still very interesting and lovely to recall. Li Qingzhao's free and easy personality can be seen in this poem.
Second, self-confidence, affirmation of women's self-worth. Li Qingzhao is a very confident woman writer. Her fame as a young talent provided her with a foundation of self-confidence, and she was not complacent because of her self-confidence. Instead, he constantly absorbed learning in his life journey and finally made irreplaceable achievements in literature.
Li Qingzhao wrote a poem about osmanthus, and two famous sentences have been widely known: "Why is light blue, green and red the first among flowers?" This poem "Fragrant Osmanthus fragrans" can be regarded as a portrayal of the poet's character. She said that sweet-scented osmanthus is gentle and far away, and the Mid-Autumn Festival is the best, even the famous flowers such as Mei Ju are eclipsed. In fact, it symbolizes the poet's affirmation of himself. Li Qingzhao devoted a lot of effort to a style of ci. Her theory of Ci dared to criticize Su Shi's "Poetry as Ci". Although years have proved that Su Shi's practice is quite successful, Li Qingzhao's emphasis on the difference between words is also very valuable for the development of graceful and restrained ci. She has a steelyard in her heart, which is rare among women and women writers in China.
Many male poets were impressed by her ci, and even her husband Zhao Mingcheng had to admit that Li Qingzhao's ci was very spiritual and often won the championship. Long-term achievements made Li Qingzhao have a clear understanding of her talents, and also revealed the pain of being born as a woman and suffering from the world, especially after crossing the south, which revealed the helplessness of her talents. Look at this song "The Pride of Fisherman":
When the sky meets the clouds, the Milky Way wants to turn to Qian Fan dance. As if the dream soul belonged to the emperor. Smell the sky and ask me where I belong. I report the long night and study poetry. There are amazing sentences. 90,000 Li Fengpeng is a positive move. Let the wind calm down and the ship will blow away the three mountains!
After Du Nan, the poetess experienced all kinds of boredom, and her status as a woman made her even more difficult. Therefore, she lamented that "there are amazing sentences in learning poetry" and expressed her state of mind that she had nowhere to learn. It not only suffered from the war, but also voiced for women and accused them of their hardships in the world. No matter how much she has learned, it is difficult to use. Therefore, like the fairy-wandering tradition in literature since ancient times, she looks for spiritual sustenance and destination in heaven. This word not only inherits the romantic style of Zhuangzi's carefree wandering and the romantic spirit of Qu Yuan's Li Sao, but also blends into the tradition of wandering fairy poems, splashing ink boldly.
Third, the pattern is large: loving the family, patriotism and caring about current affairs are not limited to small families. Another value of Li Qingzhao's ci is that he wrote many times about his feelings about his family and touched on current affairs, not limited to a small family, but focused on the rise and fall of the country, leaving many patriotic works. Especially after crossing the south, she often jumped out of the sadness and joy of her family and wrote her own words lamenting the rise and fall of the country.
In his early years, there were two poems, Suixi Zhongxing Fu and Zhang Wenqian Fu. This paper analyzes the causes of the Anshi Rebellion and Tang Jun's failure in the Tang Dynasty, summarizes the lessons, draws lessons from the past, and insinuates and exhorts the current dynasty. There is a saying that "Bi Qin and South Korea are geniuses who made concubines fall from the sky." Its satire is sharp beyond the hands of women, and its political criticism is very sharp. Hui Zhou in the Southern Song Dynasty said in Qingbo magazine: "From the Tang Dynasty to the present, the title of Yuxi Zhongxing Monument Fu is complicated. Although Lingling has been published recently, only those who gather in the stones have no leisure to visit extensively. Zhao Mingcheng's fiancee, Ian, Li Furen and Zhang Wenqian. "A thoughtful person can't do everything with a woman in the toilet."
Later, she made another move, not criticizing Xiang Yu's indecision and stubbornness in history, but praising Xiang Yu's bravery to satirize his escape from the battlefield, with a powerful pen and extraordinary momentum. This is the familiar summer quatrains. "At this point, I miss Xiang Yu and refuse to cross Jiangdong. )
During the war, Li Qingzhao also completed the Preface to the Inscription, preserving cultural relics, talking about current events and caring about his home country. These are all things that make her an ordinary woman, even many men can't compare with her. During her stay in Jinhua, she wrote Eight Wing Buildings. The water flows three thousand miles south, and the air pressure makes the river fourteen States), and "the song dynasty is declining and sad, and the country is difficult to defend" are eternal songs.
In the literary world dominated by male writers, Li Qingzhao is disadvantageous to women, but she turns her disadvantages into advantages and forms her own unique style. She won with delicacy and sensitivity, and wrote her daughter's true feelings, which is her true colors. She also has the "masculinity" of not losing men, so that the combination of the two has created a unique Li Qingzhao. Speaking of women writers in the history of China, there is no doubt that she ranks first. When it comes to Song Ci, Li Qingzhao is also a figure that must be mentioned first. She is called "the Queen of Ci", and "Ci overwhelms the south of the Yangtze River and covers the north", which really lives up to its reputation.