No matter in school or in society, everyone is familiar with those catchy ancient poems. In a broad sense, ancient poems refer to all the poems in China before the Opium War, corresponding to modern new poems from the west in modern times. So what types of ancient poems are there? The following is the original and appreciation of the ancient poem "Twelve Feeling Seven" compiled by me. Welcome to read it. I hope you will like it.
the poem though it might serve your honourable guests, you leave it here, far below mountain and river.. Circumstance governs destiny, cause and effect are an infinite cycle.
The source is Twelve Feelings Seven by Don Zhang Jiuling.
oranges, which mean red, are supposed to be the best products for distinguished guests, but the mountains overlap and the rivers are deep! Alas, people's fate just seems to let nature take its course, so let it be! The reason why everything in the world circulates may not be explored.
The whole poem
Twelve Feelings Seven
[Tang] Zhang Jiuling
here, south of the Yangzi, grows a red orangetree., all winter long its leaves are green.
not because of a warmer soil? But because its' nature is used to the cold.
though it might serve your honourable guests, you leave it here, far below mountain and river..
circumstance governs destiny, cause and effect are an infinite cycle.
you plant your peach-trees and your plums, you forget the shade from this other tree?
appreciation of the whole poem 1
the experience of writing Dan orange in the fifth and sixth sentences. Like this, it is still green after the cold, and the result is really to be dedicated to others, and it should be recommended to the guests. But for the mountains and deep waters, there is no way to do it! Here, "guest" refers to Emperor Xuanzong; "Obstruction is heavy and deep" implies a traitor around Emperor Xuanzong. It is the poet's self-metaphor that the cold of Dan orange remains unchanged and only knows the noble quality of dedication. Poetry means: a person who is dedicated to the country like me is blocked by traitors and cannot be used by the world. These two sentences not only write the experience of Dan orange, but also express the poet's feelings!
The poet's thoughts on the fate of Danju. Why did Dan orange have this experience? The poet replied, "It's only fate, cause and effect are an infinite cycle." It seems that fate is different because of different encounters, just like the natural law of "cycle" and cycle after cycle, which is unpredictable and unexplored. This kind of inexplicable answer has complicated feelings. There are both helpless self-reproach, unwilling to be silent, unspeakable and deep euphemism.
Appreciation of the whole poem 2
Zhang Jiuling was a famous "sage" in the late Kaiyuan period. He was proud of his integrity, dared to talk about the gains and losses of state affairs, and paid attention to promoting intelligent people. I was aware of An Lushan's ambitions, and suggested that Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty cut them off as soon as possible to avoid future troubles, but they were not adopted. Finally, he was slandered by Li Linfu and other traitors, and in the 25th year of Kaiyuan (737), he was demoted from the right prime minister to the long history of Jingzhou. Li Linfu, Niu Xianke and other autocratic powers, the integrity of courtiers suffered a blow, and the so-called "Kaiyuan Shengshi" will never return.
Twelve poems "Feeling Encounters" were written by the author when he lived in Jingzhou. They are implicit and profound, and have played an important role in reversing the floating poetic style since the Six Dynasties, and have always been valued by critics. For example, Gao Yun's Collection of Tang Poems (Volume 1) says: "Zhang Qujiang's works such as Feelings are elegant and diluted, and they are in line with Feng and Sao, and they are almost prosperous in the Tang Dynasty." Shen Deqian's Poems of Tang Dynasty (Volume 1) says: "Poems of Feeling", orthography (Chen Ziang) is ancient, Qujiang (Zhang Jiuling) is borrowed, and the original is the same as the heir (Ruan Ji), but the spiritual outlook is different, so it is eternal. " These comments are all to the point.
Here is the seventh poem in the group, just like Qu Yuan's Ode to Orange, which is a hymn of "Dan Orange".
Qu Yuan was born in the South China, and citrus reticulata was born in the South China. At the beginning of his Ode to Oranges, he said: "After the emperor, the trees are beautiful, and oranges come to suit you. I was ordered not to move, and I was born in the south. " The meaning of its support is obvious. Zhang Jiuling is also a southerner, and Jiangling (the capital of Chu State), the place where he lived in exile in Jingzhou, was originally a famous orange-producing area. At the beginning of this poem, he said "here, south of the Yangzi, grows a red orangetree., all winter long its leaves are green", and its metaphorical meaning was particularly obvious. Qu Yuan's famous sentence tells us: "There is an autumn wind, and the waves in the Dongting are under the leaves of trees." It can be seen that even in the "South China", in late autumn, the general trees will inevitably shake down, and how can they withstand the devastation of severe winter? And "Dan orange", but "all winter long its leaves are green". A word "Jude" is full of praise. "Dan orange" is still green after winter, is it because of its unique geographical position or out of nature? If it has nothing to do with nature because of its unique geographical location, it is not worthy of praise. The poet seized this crucial issue and ruled out the former with a rhetorical tone. The word "Yi" in "not because of a warmer soil" is used here as "There", which refers to the south of the Yangtze River. Is it because of the "warm atmosphere" in the south of the Yangtze River? This kind of rhetorical question can only be negative if it wants meaning, but as usual, it doesn't need to be answered, which is more vivid than negative sentences such as "not because of warm air" With the rhetorical question, and the affirmation "but because its' nature is used to the cold", it is full of ups and downs and full of waves. "Cold at the age of 2" was originally about pines and cypresses.
The Analects of Confucius Zi Han: "When you are cold, you will know that pine and cypress will wither." Then, why didn't Zhang Jiuling praise the cold-resistant moral integrity through pines and cypresses but through oranges? This is not only because there happens to be "Danju" in Jiangnan, where he lives in exile, which is naturally associated with Qu Yuan's Ode to Orange, but also because "Danju" is not only green after winter, but also "independent" and fruitful, which is beneficial to people. The author specially put the word "Dan" in front of "Orange" in order to make you see thousands of Dan in a "green forest" through imagination, and reserve the foreshadowing for "though it might serve your honourable guests" below.
There is an ancient poem in the Han Dynasty, which reads: "The orange pomelo hangs on the deep mountain side. Wen Jun is kind to me, and I am willing to carve it alone. Committed to the jade plate, I have seen food over the years. Fangfei is not congenial, green and yellow suddenly change color. If people want to know me, because you are a wing. " The author uses orange pomelo as a metaphor to express his resentment of not serving the world and his desire to serve the world in the end. Zhang Jiuling's "though it might serve your honourable guests", that is, "Ji Jian Shi" means. "all winter long its leaves are green" is worthy of praise because it does not defect because of the cold of the year; Fruitful results, only to contribute to others, but also to show the noble character. "Jiake" should "recommend" a good fruit, and "Danju" thinks that it is not a bad fruit, so it can "recommend Jiake". However, it is blocked by mountains and deep waters, and it can't be in front of "Jiake". What can we do? Reading the sentence "you leave it here, far below mountain and river." is like hearing the sound of exclamation. The phrase "destiny" cannot be regarded as promoting the "destiny view". "circumstance governs destiny" means that the fate is good or bad, but just because of the good or bad experience, it is said at the moment, isn't it because of the "heavy resistance" experience, so you can't make the good luck of "recommending guests"? The word "helpless" in "you leave it here, far below mountain and river." has revealed a feeling of searching for the truth. When we think about the harsh reality of "circumstance governs destiny", we are more eager to explore the reasons. However, "cause and effect are an infinite cycle", looking around, always turns around in a circle, still unable to figure out the reason and solve the mystery, so he closed the whole poem with a rhetorical tone: "you plant your peach-trees and your plums, you forget the shade from this other tree?" People are only busy cultivating peach trees and plum trees, but they just don't want citrus reticulata. Can't citrus reticulata be useless? In the front, "all winter long its leaves are green" has been written, which means that it has "yin" and says "though it might serve your honourable guests", which means that it is true. There are not only beautiful shadows, but also good things, and the "encounter" is like this. Why on earth?
There is a fable in "Han Feizi's Foreign Reserve's Talk on the Lower Left": "Yang Hu went to Zhao together, and Jane asked,' I heard that Zi is good at cultivating people.' Tiger said:' I live in Lu, and there are three trees, all of which are your Yin; And the tiger made amends for Lu, and all searched for the tiger. I am in the same place, and I recommend three people, one is close to the king, one is a county magistrate, and the other is a waiting official; And I offend, near the king, I don't see the minister, the county magistrate greets the minister and binds him, and the official chases him to the territory, but it's too late to stop. Tigers are not good at cultivating people. " The Lord leaned down and smiled:' Those who plant oranges and pomelo are sweet to eat and fragrant to smell; If a tree thorns, it will stab people, so a gentleman should be careful what he trees. " "Only trees are peaches and plums, but oranges and pomelo are excluded. Such a" gentleman "can't say" tree carefully "!
This poem reads "Danju", which constitutes a complete image, which is different from simple metaphors such as "My heart is like a pine and cypress". Its image itself not only embodies the characteristics of "Danju", but also has certain typical significance. Reading this poem, when we see that "Danju" is "green after winter", which has many advantages, such as sweetness for people to eat and beautiful shade for people to cool off, won't we think of all the "fine trees" with the same advantages? When we see that "Danju" is excluded and "Taoli" is carefully cultivated, won't we think of similar social phenomena? As far as the author's creative motivation is concerned, it is obvious that "Danju" is far away from the imperial court than himself, and "Taoli" is more favored than Li Linfu, Niu Xianke and other villains. However, due to the creation of typical images, its objective significance has gone far beyond the scope of simple metaphors. Du Fu praised Zhang Jiuling's poem "Eight Mournings, So the Right Servant Shoots at the Nine Years of the Country" for "the poem is more than enough, and the end of the article is clear." The latter sentence means that his poetic language is fresh and concise; The previous sentence means that his poetic image leaves readers room for imagination and association. It is thought-provoking for poets to comment on poems and explore for pearls.
Author Biography
Zhang Jiuling (678-74), Zi Shou, was born in Qujiang, Shaozhou (now Shaoguan, Guangdong). After entering the Jinshi, he went to Ilukodi, Daoyi, and was awarded the left supplement. He has served as a court official, such as Foreign Minister, Sheren of Zhongshu, Governor of Guizhou, Bachelor of Jixian Academy, Assistant Minister of Zhongshu, etc. In the 21st year of Kaiyuan (733), he worshipped Assistant Minister of Zhongshu and worked as an assistant minister of Zhongshu. The following year, he moved to the Chinese secretariat and studied the history of the country, which was called the sage. In twenty-four years, he was ostracized by Li Linfu and demoted to Jingzhou's long history. He died in twenty-eight years at the age of 63. Two Books of the Tang Dynasty have been circulated. His poems are light and elegant. The predecessors thought that Wang, Meng, Chu and Wei were really open. There are two clouds in Hu Yinglin's Poems: "Zhang Zishou initiated the school of lightness, which was followed by the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Meng Haoran, Wang Wei, Chu Guangxi, Chang Jian and Wei Yingwu were originally light in Qujiang, but those who benefited from the wind spirit also." Shi Buhua's "Poems on Servants" says: "The five sayings in the early Tang Dynasty are ancient, and they still follow the splendid habits of the Six Dynasties. Only Chen Ziang and Zhang Jiuling directly went to the Han and Wei Dynasties, and their bones were solemn and profound, and their thoughts were profound, which made great achievements in restoring ancient ways." There are twenty volumes of Collected Works of Mr. Zhang in Qujiang.