Lu You, a patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, was determined to serve the country as soon as possible in the face of the drastic changes in the motherland's division. He joined the Southwest Army in middle age, and his poetic realm was greatly broadened by the magnificent real world and warm battlefield life. As his "Xiuzi" recalls, "Middle-aged people began to realize less and gradually wanted to see the splendor"; "Reading Poems and Writing Songs One Night on September 1st" records that "before the poet suddenly saw Samadhi, the composer was vivid in his eyes; The secret brocade is used in me, and the beauty of cutting is not in the knife ruler. " People who play with the skill of carving insects are naturally beyond their reach. In his later years, he lived in seclusion in the mountains, but his ambition never waned. He falls asleep from time to time. "As soon as an old horse rides the dust, it aims at a thousand miles." His infinite indignation at the decline of the Central Plains, his infinite concern for the fate of the broad masses of the people, and his infinite hatred for the ruling clique that wronged the country in the Southern Song Dynasty are all revealed in this four-line poem.
"River" refers to the Yellow River, which nurtures the mother of the Chinese nation; Yue refers to Mount Tai in Dongyue, Songshan in Zhongyue and Huashan in Xiyue. Towering mountains, connected with green ghosts; Roaring the river and rushing to the sea. Two sentences, one horizontal and one vertical, show us the victory of half of China in the northern Central Plains, which is clear, abrupt and boundless. Magnificent mountains and rivers symbolize the loveliness of the motherland and the tenacity of the people, giving readers rich associations. But such mountains and rivers, such people, have long been ravaged by the nobles of the rulers. The next two sentences, with a change of pen, suddenly feel that the situation has changed suddenly and the poetic realm is developing in a more far-reaching direction. The word "fishing with exhausted resources" has been repeated for thousands of times, and the people of the Central Plains have suffered heavy oppression, endured long-term torture, and recovered their determination and urgency. They looked forward to the Northern Expedition in the Southern Song Dynasty year after year, but this wish failed year after year. Of course, they are still looking forward to it. The patriotic enthusiasm of the people is really like a jumping flame under the ground, which is getting hotter and hotter as time goes by; However, the ruling clique in the Southern Song Dynasty lived in a drunken dream and died by the West Lake, leaving behind great rivers and mountains, ethnic hatred and family feuds. It has been dead for a long time, what a pity! Although the latter meaning is not clearly expressed in the poem, the strong critical spirit can be clearly seen.