(1) Knowledge teaching points
1. Experience the characteristics of poetic language.
2. Understand Tao Yuanming's interest in pursuing a quiet and free life.
3. Experience poetry.
(2) Ability training points
1. Read poetry aloud to spread by sound, read aloud with emotion, and read out the meaning in the poem.
2. Understand the appreciation of poetry.
(3) the penetration point of moral education
1. Learn the poet's elegant interest and noble moral integrity.
2. People's correct attitude towards nature-love.
(4) the penetration point of aesthetic education
1. Feel the beauty of poetic language and rhythm.
2. Feel the artistic beauty of poetry.
3. Feel the beauty of the poet's personality.
second, learning methods to guide
knowing-analyzing and appreciating-evaluating-doing
third, key points, difficulties, doubts and solutions
1. Focus on the thoughts and feelings expressed in poems.
2. Difficulties
1. Introduction of creative background. 2), the poet's overall evaluation.
3. Doubts
Understanding of key words.
4. Solution
1. Pay attention to the reading training, and read aloud to promote understanding.
2) Introduce the background by combining Tao Yuanming's poems.
3) Expand the appreciation of poetry with similar poems.
fourth, class arrangement
1 class
fifth, media design
recorder "Guzheng Mountain Flowing Water", projector "Taoshi, Poetry Appreciation"
sixth, teacher-student interaction design
1, reading poems aloud.
2. Ask questions, answer questions and lead questions.
3. Recite poems.
4. Interesting ancient poems-fill in plant names skillfully.
VII. Teaching Steps
I. Introduction
China's traditional literature is vast, extensive and profound, and poetry and prose are two clear springs, so we should constantly learn from them and let them stay in the blood forever and benefit for life. Last semester, the first day of junior high school, we studied Meng Haoran, an idyllic poet in the Tang Dynasty. Which student can recite: "preparing me chicken and rice, old friend, you entertain me at your farm. The green woods were around the village, and the green hills lay outside the city. Open the window and face the valley vegetable garden, hand over the glass to chat about the crops. Wait till the Mountain Holiday, I am coming again in chrysanthemum time. " We can see that the poet washed away the hustle and bustle of the city and the lead of the world, and painted a beautiful and quiet pastoral scenery and a circle of farm life for us. It shows the beautiful scenery, quiet life and friendship between old friends in the mountain village, revealing the poet's interest in indifferent fame and fortune and pursuing a leisurely and quiet pastoral life. You can also know which poets are also pastoral poets (Wang Wei <; Leaning alone in the close bamboos, I am playing my lute and humming a song. Too softly for anyone to hear, except my comrade, the bright moon. > Bamboo House. In Xie Lingyun's "Climbing the Pond and Going Upstairs", he wrote the words of God's help: spring grass grows in the pond, and the garden willows turn into songbirds. In Xie Tiao's "Going to the Three Mountains in the Evening and Returning to Wangjing Town", "Yu Xia is scattered into Qi, Chengjiang is quiet as practice, the noisy birds cover the spring garden, and the miscellaneous English is full of Fangdian." Please open your textbook p317. Today, we will discuss an idyllic poem "Drinking" by Tao Yuanming, a real hermit, the pioneer of the pastoral school and the great poet of Jin Dynasty, to appreciate the clean world he showed us.
second, the background
Tao Yuanming is bright, also known as Qian, whose nickname is Mr. Jingjie, and he is from Chaisang, Xunyang. In his autobiographical prose, he is called "Mr. Wuliu" (there are five willow trees near the house, so it is a symbol)
His life experience can be divided into three stages.
before the age of twenty-nine, at home, I had the ambition to "escape from all over the world" and "benefit the whole world greatly".
At the age of twenty-nine to forty-one, when he was an official or a recluse, he resigned at the age of forty-one. When Peng Zeling lived in seclusion and devoted himself to farming, Historical Records showed that when he was working as Peng Zeling, the county sent a Du You to the county, and the county officials asked him to come and greet him as a sign of respect. He said, "I don't want to bow down to the children in the village for five buckets of rice" and left his post and returned to his hometown on the same day, and wrote the famous "Going Back to Xi Ci". Wealth is not my wish, and the emperor's hometown cannot be expected. " In the book "Returning to the Garden" written the following year, Zeng Yunqi's ambition and views on the secular world are "less and less vulgar, and the nature loves Qiushan." Being an official is "falling into the dust net by mistake, staying in the cage for a long time" and returning to the countryside is "returning to nature" (here, nature not only refers to returning to the embrace of nature, but also contains the meaning of Taoist so-called pure nature, which will restore distorted human nature to its natural face)
Masterpieces: the poem "Returning to the Garden", "Drinking" The Peach Blossom Garden Poems and the preface "
Prose" Peach Blossom Garden "
The Biography of Mr. Wuliu (a figure admired by progressive intellectuals in the past) is endowed with "Going Back to Xi Ci", in which the excellent works are bored with officialdom and secular society, showing the interest of leading an honest and clean life and unwilling to bow down. Formally, it was contrary to the flashy style of writing at that time, and it was clear and fresh, which had a great influence on future writers. Wang Wei once wrote, "Multiple values and drunkenness, and sing a wild poem at Five Willows?." Self-comparison, open a pastoral school.
Third, knowing
Problem solving: This is the fifth poem in the group Drinking, and this group of words is twenty poems written by Tao Yuanming after drinking.
In ancient times, wine had a close relationship with people, which could relieve worries and increase prosperity.
Du Kang is the only one who can solve Cao Cao's worries.
Li Bai, till, raising my cup, I asked the bright moon, to bring me my shadow and make us three. Hundreds of Li Bai's poems about fighting wine.
Du Fu, and loud my song and deep my drink, accompanied by youth, is good for returning home.
Wang Wei advised you to drink one more glass of wine, and there is no reason to go to Yangguan in the west.
Tao Yi said: Sex is addicted to alcohol, and you will get drunk when you are exhausted.
As the saying goes, if you speak the truth after drinking, let's take a look at Tao Yuanming's truth.
2. Read
word by word. With the help of notes, you can read the pronunciation correctly, understand the meaning of words and understand the meaning of the text.
3. Read-analyze-appreciate step by step.
The teacher read the first four sentences: build house is in a human environment, and there are no horses and chariots. What can you do? The heart is far from self-centered.
make it clear and turn around-there are no cars and horses in the contradictory people's territory.
ask yourself and answer the truth-empty meaning is meaningful.
students read it all together (pay attention to the rising tone of the questions and the meaningful answers to the sentences)
Conclusion: He is in a human environment, but he can be "without cars and horses" and not dye worldly things. What are the reasons? The poet said meaningfully that "the heart is far away from itself", and since the heart is far away from the worldly customs, it naturally feels that the place to live is secluded.
writing on the blackboard is far-minded-with a quiet mind-with a quiet environment
not caring about poverty *, not seeking wealth, not seeking fame and profit
Even living in a busy city is like being on a mountain
This profound truth is expressed by the poet in a bland and touching way. The sixth ancestor of China Zen Buddhism can recite sutras in one day
The wind blows
.
students read together and feel poetic.
Then the poet wrote infinite interest with the trend.
teacher fan read the last six sentences: picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely, and the mountains are getting better and better, and the birds are returning. There is a real meaning in this, but I have forgotten what I want to say.
at the beginning, it is clear that the beauty lies in "leisure"-I have no intention to see the mountains.
"seeing" is not "looking" or "looking"-the scene has entered the heart.
touch the scene and feel the emotion, integrate with naturalization, and enter a higher realm.
To appreciate the closeness between man and nature, I
attend to you in "Far and Near",
look at me for a while,
look at the clouds for a while,
I think,
when you look at me, you are far away,
when you look at the clouds, you are very close.
This is a wonderful portrayal of the elegance and leisure of the pastoral life advocated by the poet, and it is also the elegant dream pursued by the author. In Wang Wei's poems, it is also said that he is carefree, "Leaning on a stick outside the purple door, I listen to cicadas in the evening wind".
As for the word "chrysanthemum", we can see from Su Dongpo's Winter Scenery that the word "proud" shows its meaning.
Ceng Yun's "Jin Tao Yuan Ming loves chrysanthemums alone" in Zhou Dunyi's "The Theory of Love Lotus" shows that he is noble in moral integrity and indifferent to fame and fortune.
the weather is getting better every day, and the birds are returning.
In "Returning to the Garden", "The captive birds love the old forest, and the fish in the pool miss the old source."
It is said in "Going Back and Coming to Xi Ci" that "a bird will return when it has no intention to go out.".
it can be seen that this sentence has two meanings: 1) in oneself, the bird knows the return, and I know the return, and I have returned.
2), when people and birds know, why don't you accept this beautiful home and join in the peaceful and beautiful embrace of nature? This is a call of true feelings. Inspired by nature, the poet's heart became calmer, and he realized the true meaning: birds come out at sunrise and return home in the day, completely entrusting nature, so I will jump into nature like a bird for a hundred years, and I will be happy. Just as the cloud in "Elegy" says, "What's the pity when you die?" This is close to the natural inaction of Laozi and Zhuangzi, returning to simplicity. But did the poet realize it? -lead to the last sentence.
Point out the truth —— Essence
In the Southern Song Dynasty poet Zhang Xiaoxiang's Nian Nu Jiao Crossing the Dongting Lake, it is difficult to talk about the carefree mind, and in Li Bai's Questions and Answers in the Mountain, he asked Yu what he meant to live in the blue mountains, laughing but not answering his heart. Peach blossoms and flowing water suddenly go away, and there is no heaven and earth. "
To sum up, the poet realized it but didn't want to analyze it in detail. This sentence shows an incomparably vast and free inner world, which is the world that Tao Yuanming pursues all his life, and the highest state of life accomplishment is beyond many people's understanding, which shows that his poem "How much sadness is contained in broadness, and how much weight is brought in elegance." )
at this time, the combination of scenery and emotion is the perfect realm of poetry.
taste, discuss and read together.
After listening to the teacher's model reading of "Mountain Flowing Water"
Students read it all at once
Comments:
1. Tao's self-evaluation is "natural in nature, not obtained by correction."
2. Song Chen Shidao commented that "Yuan Ming is not a poem, but a wonderful thing in his chest."
3. Jin Yuanhao asks, "A word is natural and lasts forever, but when luxury is exhausted, it is true."
Kai, Xing
1. Learn from the glaring side of King Kong. "Jingwei holds a micro-wood, which will fill the sea, and Xingtian will dance in Qi, and his fierce ambition will always be there."
2. Wash away its negativity: * * Mian: "It's a long way to go in Xiu Yuan, and I will go up and down for it."
"I will mount a long wind some day and break the heavy waves, and set my cloudy sail straight and bridge the deep, deep sea."
3. Love and enjoy nature.
a relaxing moment: picking up interest in ancient poems and filling in plant names skillfully.
1. Take () under the east fence and see Nanshan leisurely. 2, people are idle () flowers fall, the night is quiet and the mountains are empty.
3. In April, the beauty of the world is exhausted, and the mountain temple () begins to bloom. 4, is like a spring gale, come up in the night, thousands of trees () open.
5. The garden can't be closed in spring, and a branch () comes out of the wall. 6, people don't know where to go, () still laugh at the spring breeze.
7. There are three or two branches outside the bamboo, which are the duck prophets in the spring river. 8, wet clothes () rain, blowing cold willows.
9. The lotus leaves on the next day are infinitely blue, reflecting the sun () with a different color. 1, a smile riding the world of mortals, no one knows that it is ().
11. Excuse me, where is the restaurant? The shepherd boy points to () Village. 12. () () There is no talent, but it is snowing all over the sky.
13. was the plum, when you passed my silken window, () Is it blooming? 14. Stop and sit in love () at night, and () is red in February.
15. () There is no rain cover, and () there are still Ao Shuang branches.
blackboard writing design
drinking wine and being enlightened
starting and acting: pursuing and loving nature
comments: scenery, emotion, meaning and reason are integrated
leisure, self-satisfaction-pride
analysis and appreciation: but peace of mind <; ==> Self-quietness
Distant mind-pastoral bone <; ==> Worldly
carefree-elegant dream is love
true meaning-marrow nature
knowledge: background and meaning.