The so-called "bass zone" in Shu Ting's poems refers to those works that use hazy and symbolic images to express the poet's complex mentality and delicate emotions. Such as self-portrait, past 23, fairy tale poet, mast boat, Beidaihe shore and so on. This part of the works has rich aesthetic value because of its rich connotation and tortuous expression, which needs people to understand and appreciate through multi-level analysis and perspective. Therefore, it is often considered as an unknown "flower in the fog".
Mast Boat is a masterpiece in which the poet uses vague poems, symbols and images to express people's subjective feelings, thus developing human nature. The whole poem shows the poet's dual mentality and complex emotions. On the one hand, it is the "lamp" of ideal pursuit, on the other hand, it is the "shore" of love yearning. In the process of persistent pursuit of ideals, we sometimes meet with the other side, and sometimes we leave the other side, which is harmonious and contradictory. At the same time, in the process of pursuing ideals, poets sometimes feel the difficulty and heaviness of progress, and sometimes they feel a sense of urgency of the times without letting themselves stop. "The fog has wet my wings/but the wind won't make me hesitate." The emotion and mentality expressed in poetry are not only the poet's own and individual things, but also the things that young people in that particular era generally feel and cannot describe. The poet expressed it perfectly with her delicate heart and symbolic skills, making it a well-known masterpiece.
An important artistic feature of this poem is symbolism. In misty poetry, symbols mostly replace people's subjective feelings and social attitudes with concrete things and images that people can directly feel. In short, it is to express abstraction with concreteness. The poem entitled "Mast Ship" is a symbol. The purpose of the whole poem is not to describe an objective schooner, but to express the poet himself and his dual mentality and complex emotions through the concrete image of schooner. In other words, the poet thinks I'm like a schooner. The "double mast" in a brig has some profound meaning. The coexistence of two masts means that love and career in the poet's heart coexist but are different. In addition, "shore", "wind", "storm" and "lamp" in the poem all have obvious symbolic significance. "Shore" symbolizes the love destination of women, "wind" means that the urgency of the times gives the poet strength, "storm" implies the unusual times experienced by the poet and his contemporaries, and "lamp" carries bright faith.
The style of the brig;
The use of images is an important artistic feature of this poem. The so-called image is to express the poet's subjective mentality through external scenery. It is different from the "artistic conception" in traditional poetry. Artistic conception is generally touching the scene and expressing emotions through the scene, so as to achieve the artistic purpose of expressing emotions through the scene. In misty poetry, poets mostly take subjective feelings and people's various mentalities as the objects of expression, and imagine and construct some concrete pictures and scenery from subjective feelings, so as to visualize abstract emotions and achieve the effect of artistic expression. What the poet wants to express in "Double Mast Ship" is a state of mind, an emotion and an emotional process. On the other hand, it is the concrete images such as "ship", "shore", "storm" and "lamp" that fall on the language, and these concrete images are combined to form a complete picture of the dynamic process. Under the picture, the author's heart and true feelings are implied, beating. The poetic image is fresh and natural, which enables the poet to express his strong feelings freely.
In addition, the language of this poem is natural and fluent, and the feelings contained in the poem are dignified and delicate, with deep personal sighs and open feelings of the times. The last four poems: "Don't be afraid of the ends of the earth/seize the day/you are on my voyage/I am in your sight" are widely circulated and quoted as aphorisms.
The ideological connotation of Rain Lane;
Rain Lane creates a lyrical artistic conception with strong symbolic color. Here, the poet metaphorically described the dark and dreary social reality at that time as a narrow and lonely "rain lane". There is no sound, no joy, no sunshine here. The poet himself is such a lonely person wandering in the rain lane. He has good hopes in loneliness. I hope there is a beautiful ideal in front of me. The "lilac-like" girl described by the poet is a symbol of this beautiful ideal. However, the poet knows that this beautiful ideal is difficult to realize. She is as full of sadness and melancholy as herself, fleeting and drifting away like a dream. What is left is only the poet himself who is still wandering in the dark reality, and the hope that the dream that cannot be realized generally floats away!
Stylistic features of Rain Lane;
Lyric artistic conception
Rain Lane creates a lyrical artistic conception with strong symbolic color. Here, the poet metaphorically described the dark and dreary social reality at that time as a narrow and lonely "rain lane". There is no sound, no joy, no sunshine here. The poet himself is such a lonely person wandering in the rain lane. He has good hopes in loneliness. I hope there is a beautiful ideal in front of me. The "lilac-like" girl described by the poet is a symbol of this beautiful ideal. However, the poet knows that this beautiful ideal is difficult to realize. She is as full of sadness and melancholy as herself, fleeting and drifting away like a dream. What is left is only the poet himself who is still wandering in the dark reality, and the hope that the dream that cannot be realized generally floats away!
Some critics say that Rain Lane is the poet's self-liberation by covering up the ugly truth with beautiful imagination, and it is "deceiving himself and readers with some gorgeous fantasies like soap bubbles". Apart from the artistic beauty of harmonious melody, it "has no merit in content". (Fanny: On Dai Wangshu's Poems, Literature Review1980,4), these questions and conclusions are too simple and harsh for Yuxiang.
Reflect the wandering and confused mood of revolutionary youth
The summer of 1927 produced by Rain Lane was the darkest time in the history of China. The bloody slaughter of revolutionaries by reactionaries caused a white terror that enveloped the whole country. Young people who enthusiastically responded to the revolution suddenly fell from the climax of the fire into the abyss of the night. Some of them can't find the future of revolution. They are lost in pain, they long for new hope in disappointment, and they expect beautiful rainbows floating in the haze. Rain Lane reflects the mentality of some progressive young people. Dai Wangshu was only twenty-one or twenty-two years old when he wrote this poem. 1927 In March, he was arrested and detained by the reactionary authorities for propagating the revolution. After the "April 12th" coup, he lived in seclusion in Songjiang, Jiangsu Province, chewing "China people's distress in this era" in loneliness. (Preface to Wang Shucao) His poems such as Rain Lane at this time are naturally full of feelings of hesitation, disappointment, sadness and pain. This feeling of hesitation and sadness can't be said to be a pure personal lament, but a projection of the darkness of reality and the disillusionment of ideals in the poet's heart. Rain Lane reproduces the typical voices in the hearts of these young people with short lyrical singing. Here we really can't hear the description of real suffering, and we can't hear the cry against the darkness. This is a deep confession, a confession of disappointment. However, from this kind of reflection and introspection, can't we clearly see the pain and pursuit of some young people after their disillusionment? The pain of losing good hope flows in the poem. Even the young people at that time were not so easily deceived. People don't want to wander in the rain lane forever after watching Rain Lane. People will hate this rainy lane and long to get out of it and go to a wide and bright place without rain and sadness.
Symbolism method lyric
An important artistic feature of Rain Lane is the use of symbolism to express emotions. Symbolism is an art school that rose in French poetry at the end of19th century. They used the decadence of the end of the world to resist the capitalist order. In the way of expression, it emphasizes the use of implicit metaphor and other means to express the inner feelings. This school of art was introduced into China at the ebb of the May 4th Movement. Li Jinfa was the first person to write poems with a lot of symbolism. Dai Wangshu's early works were obviously influenced by French symbolism. An important feature of his creation is that he pays attention to the ability of excavating implied metaphors in poetry and expresses his feelings with symbolic images and artistic conception. Rain Lane embodies this artistic feature. The poet with an oil-paper umbrella in his poem, the lonely and long rain lane, and the girl with lilac-like sadness and dreams are not the concrete portrayal of real life itself, but the lyrical images full of symbolic significance. We may not be able to describe all the contents of these images in detail, but we can appreciate the vague poetry expressed by these images. The atmosphere of social reality, the lonely and wandering mood, the pursuit and the unattainable hope are both clear and hazy in the image described in Rain Lane, which is both certain and erratic. Imagination creates symbols, and symbols expand imagination. As the result of expressing emotions by symbolic means, the poet's emotional state of mind is more subtle, which also leaves readers with a broad imagination world and feels the fragrance and aftertaste of the poem. Mr. Zhu Ziqing said: "Dai Wangshu's family also adopted the symbolism of law. He translated the poems of this school. He also pays attention to the neatness of syllables, but it is not sonorous but light and clear; It is also a bit embarrassing, but it is understandable. " "He wants to grasp the delicate place." (Introduction to China's New Literature Series Poems) Rain Lane is hazy but not obscure, low but not decadent, affectionate but not frivolous, which really captures the subtlety of symbolism poetry art.
Dai Wangshu's poetry creation is also deeply influenced by the artistic nutrition of classical poetry. In Rain Lane, the poet created a symbolic lyrical image, a girl with a lilac-like sad heart. This is obviously inspired by some works in ancient poetry. Lilac knots and lilac buds are used to symbolize people's worries. Li Jing in the Southern Tang Dynasty even associated lilac knots with melancholy in the rain. His "Huanxisha":
Roll up pearls to make curtains and hang hooks. In the tall building, I look like before, and my depression is still locked. The fallen flower in the wind is so haggard, who is its owner? Think long term!
The messenger didn't bring news to the pedestrians far away. The lilacs in the rain reminded me of sadness. I looked back at the Three Gorges at dusk and saw the river falling from the sky.
In this poem, the lilac knot in the rain is used as a symbol of people's sadness. Obviously, Dai Wangshu absorbed the artistic conception and methods of describing sadness from these poems and applied them to form the artistic conception and imagination of Rain Lane. This kind of absorption and reference is obvious. However, can we say that the artistic conception and image of the rainy lane are the expansion and dilution of the famous Tang poem "Lilacs are sad in the rain" in the modern vernacular version? I thought I couldn't see it that way. When the poet conceived the artistic conception and image of Rain Lane, he not only absorbed the juice of his predecessors, but also created his own.
First, the ancients used the lilac knot itself as a symbol of sadness in poetry. Imagine a girl as sad as a lilac in a rainy lane. She has lilac-like sadness and lilac-like beauty and fragrance. In this way, from a simple metaphor of sadness to expressing a beautiful ideal with sadness. This new image contains the author's pursuit of beauty. It contains the pain of disillusionment of the author's beautiful ideal.
Secondly, the poet used vivid modern language in Rain Lane to describe the image of a Dingxi girl who died suddenly in the rain, which is full of old poetic meaning with the old classical poems and other works created by the poet in his early days, showing more new era breath. "Lilacs are sad in the rain", and nothing can arouse people's hope and disillusionment more than "girls as sad as lilacs". This image is a rare creation in expressing the sorrow of the times.
Thirdly, in ancient poems, the lilac knot in the rain entrusted the poet's feelings about real life scenes. The lilac-like girl image floating in the rain in Rain Lane brings more elements of the poet's imagination. It is not only a possible scene in life, but also the crystallization of the writer's artistic imagination, and an artistic real image produced by the combination of truth and imagination. Dai Wangshu said: "Poetry comes from reality through imagination, not only from reality, but also from imagination." We say that the artistic conception image of Rain Lane is a reference and transcendence of classical poetry, mainly because it was created by the poet according to his own life experience and imagination. It is the product of artistic imagination, more beautiful than life.
The grace of syllables
Rain Lane was first praised by people, and an important aspect is its beautiful syllables. Ye Shengtao praised this poem as "opening a new era for the syllables of new poetry". Although it is somewhat flattering, it is very insightful to see beautiful syllables first. Rain Lane consists of seven poems. The first section and the last section are exactly the same except that "meet" is changed to "float". In this way, the ending is repeated, and the same theme appears repeatedly in the poem, which strengthens the musical sense of the whole poem and also increases the expressive force of the poet's hesitation and disillusionment. There are six lines in each section of the whole poem, and the number of words in each line is different and uneven, and the rhyme is generally repeated in the lines not far apart. Bet two or three times per quarter, and there is no rhyme change from beginning to end. The whole poem is very short, and some short sentences also cut off the connection between words. However, some of the same words appear many times in rhyme, such as "Rain Lane", "Girl", "Fragrance", "Melancholy" and "Longing", which intentionally make a sound appear repeatedly in people's hearing. This creates a resounding melody and a smooth rhythm. It reads like a soft and thoughtful serenade. A lonely and painful recitation melody echoed repeatedly in the whole song, haunting people.
In order to strengthen the musicality of the whole poem, the poet also absorbed some skills from foreign poems and made the same words meet alternately in the same poem. The repetition and repetition of this language, like the repetition of intertwined lyric phrases, sounds pleasant and harmonious, adding more lyrical color to the poem. When romantic free poetry and "crescent school" tofu dry wind prevailed, Dai Wangshu published "Beautiful Rain Lane", which opened up a new world of musical expression of new poetry.
Dai Wangshu's pursuit of the musicality of new poetry reached its peak and end in Rain Lane. From then on, he began to "courageously resist what he called' the musical composition at the end of poetry'" and (Du) to pursue the inner emotional rhythm of poetry. His other famous poem My Memory is a new milestone in this pursuit. Dai Wangshu's transformation reflects his new aesthetic viewpoint and artistic pursuit, but it can't deny the significance of Rain Lane's attempt at the musical beauty of new poetry. Preference is the companion of art appreciation. This poem "Rain Lane" is a shining pearl in the new poem, and it is worth reading!
Dai Wangshu's poems have won the charm of graceful and restrained poetic style in China's classical poems, and influenced by the French symbolism poetry school, so his early poems generally show the characteristics of loneliness, melancholy and depression. Go alone.