Li Qingzhao Memorial Hall is located in the famous Baotu Spring Park in Jinan, on the north side of Liu Xuquan, one of the 72 springs, with a total area of about 360 square meters. In the Northern Song Dynasty, this courtyard was the courtyard of a wealthy family in Jinan. The Jin Dynasty was changed to "Lingquan Temple", and in the late Qing Dynasty it became the ancestral temple of Ding Baozhen, a scholar and governor of Shandong Province. Because of a poem by Tian Wen, a poet in the early Qing Dynasty, Liu Xuquan visited his hometown, people mistakenly thought that Li Qingzhao's former residence was near Liu Xuquan, so all the literati joined Lenovo, so there was a saying that Li Qingzhao's former residence was in Jinan. The current "Former Residence of Li Qingzhao" is located on the west side of the "Li Qingzhao Memorial Hall", but it is not the real former residence of Li Qingzhao.
She made more achievements in the field of literature. Her poetry, prose and ci creation are very high and outstanding, and the greatest achievement and influence in her life is the creation of ci. Her ci has reached a perfect artistic realm, and is unique in the field of ci, forming its own unique artistic style-"Yi 'an Style". Her outstanding artistic achievements won high praise from later scholars, who thought that her ci "looked down on women and wanted to overwhelm men." She is called "the greatest poetess in the Song Dynasty, the greatest poetess in the history of China literature" and has the reputation of "the first talented woman in history".
What kind of person is Li Qingzhao? What kind of charm does this woman have that makes people think so highly of her? Kang Zhen, a scholar studying Li Qingzhao, used "a sentimental, beautiful and elegant poetess" to interpret Li Qingzhao. However, Yu Yang, a professor at Central South University, completely subverted Li Qingzhao's "disjointed" image in people's minds. In the eyes of the professor, although Li Qingzhao is beautiful and talented, she also has many "bad behaviors", such as gambling, good wine and lewdness. Li Qingzhao's image of "not eating fireworks" was completely subverted in "Don't get carried away-the secret of Yu Yang".
First, she is a gambler.
The five poisons we often say: eating, drinking, whoring and gambling. These are all things that bring good results to men, but Li Qingzhao has fallen into one of them-gambling. And her love for gambling is extraordinary, and she has almost no regrets. We can see that people who are addicted to gambling have no good end, either jumping off a building or committing suicide, but getting stuck in it, and the final result is that their families are ruined. Li Qingzhao gambled all his life, but there was really no such situation and result. On the contrary, she became the winner of every gamble and the general who won forever.
Have you ever met anyone who has never lost a bet? Never seen it? As far as I know, there is really no such person except Li Qingzhao. She said in the preface of her book "preface to horse racing": so many people are gambling, why can't anyone be as proficient in gambling as I am? In fact, there is no trick to gambling. As long as we seize the opportunity and do it wholeheartedly, we will be invincible. As the saying goes, "bloggers don't have other skills, just a specialist." In her later works, Li Qingzhao probably listed more than 20 gambling methods, such as playing horses, quail and dice. But these gambling games can't find opponents at all.
Professor Yu Yang from Central South University introduced a very interesting example: To what extent did Li Qingzhao gamble? After the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty, Li Qingzhao fled and fled the nomadic people. In this era of war and chaos, she is still addicted to gambling. As long as the days have just settled down, her first thought is to find out the gambling tools and gamble! No wonder some people say that Li Qingzhao is a gambler, but she is not wronged.
Second, she is an alcoholic.
In addition to gambling, Li Qingzhao has the same hobbies, which makes her seem so "out of place" among the beautiful women in the Song Dynasty, and even becomes a thorn in the side of some moralists. That's drinking. Although Li Qingzhao didn't write an article about her good wine, there are clues between her lines. Li Qingzhao can now read more than 10 words about wine and drinking. Although she gambles, she never loses, but she gets drunk as soon as she drinks! In Professor Yu Yang's book, there are many examples to prove that Li Qingzhao is an alcoholic. For example, "Like a Dream" records: "I always remember the sunset in Xiting, and I don't know the way home when I am drunk. If you are happy, you will return to the boat late, which is mistaken for the depths of the lotus. Fight for the ferry, fight for the ferry, and open a beach of gulls and herons. " Li Qingzhao drinks not only good wine, but also white wine.
She wrote such a sentence, "Poetry has dangerous rhyme to make wine", in which "wine has a head" is not the name of wine, but refers to the kind of wine with high alcohol content and easy to make people drunk. Li Qingzhao is not good at drinking. She also likes to try to be brave and drink hard liquor, and often drinks herself unconscious. She also has a famous saying-"It rained suddenly last night, and the wind blew suddenly. A deep sleep didn't consume the residual wine." In addition, Professor Yu Yang also pointed out that Li Qingzhao also has a unique drinking characteristic: enjoying flowers and drinking. Li Qingzhao wrote many words about flowers, so "sanhua wine" is definitely indispensable: "It is better to get drunk than to stay away from it-when enjoying chrysanthemums; "Plum blossoms are often drunk in the snow every year"-when enjoying plum blossoms; "When the golden statue falls, all the candles are put together, regardless of dusk"-when enjoying camellia ...
Third, she is "lewd and romantic"
If you bet on the tip of the iceberg of Li Qingzhao's "disobedience to women's morality" in the history of good wine, then people will call him "shameless" and "dissolute", mainly referring to her "lust". Many people say that such a great poet is still lewd? Yes, we all ask such questions. But Professor Yu Yang saw a clue from two poems.
"A touch of crimson lips": "Stop shaking, get up and adjust your delicate hands. Beside her, the thin Germany hung with crystal dew, and the sweat on her chest permeated with the thin silk robe. Seeing someone coming, the socks and gold slipped away. And walked away with shame, leaning against the door and looking back, I heard of Qingmei. " This first sentence is about what happened before Li Qingzhao got married, and it is about the attitude of a family after swinging. On the surface, it seems to be about how shy a girl is when she sees a strange man. When I think about it carefully, I find that this is all the cover of Li Qingzhao. What she wants to say is not the shyness of girls, but the feeling of which girl doesn't want to talk about love. Usually, the image of a good family is for others to see, but the real heart is full of girls' natural desire for freedom and love.
The second song is "Ugly Slave" by Li Qingzhao: "A gust of wind and rain comes late and washes away all glory. I cut the spring clothes, but I put light makeup on Ling Hua. The crimson wisp is thin and clear, and the snow is greasy and crisp. Laughter Tan Lang: The tulle kitchen pillow is cold tonight. " It describes what happened after Li Qingzhao got married, which probably means that the wind and rain at night washed away the heat during the day and it was a rare cool night in summer. When the hostess appeared unhurriedly, she first courted her husband by playing the piano, but he was not attracted by this amorous feelings, so she had to put on light makeup in front of Ling Hua's mirror, carefully brush her eyebrows and gently sip her lips. The meaning is obvious. It is obvious that she is seducing her husband. I want to change other wives, but I gave up when I saw my husband's performance. I certainly won't take the initiative to stroke my eyebrows and wipe my lips for courtship, but I will maintain my lady image early.
But Li Qingzhao is not an ordinary woman. Otherwise, how could anyone call her "shameless and presumptuous"? "The crimson wisp of thin ice is fine and the snow is greasy and crisp." After taking a shower, I not only put on light makeup, but also wore a pink transparent pajamas. Snow-white skin is looming, emitting a fragrance. I whispered to my husband affectionately: "The gauze kitchen is cold tonight!"
Yes, since ancient times, Li Qingzhao is not the only one with outstanding literary talent, but she is the only one who is so bold and unrestrained! This is enough to Li See according to the "courage". As for Li Qingzhao's "gambler", "drunkard" and "lascivious and romantic", many people who have read Li Qingzhao's poems may have doubts about this conclusion, but if we only say Li Qingzhao from some words, we can only say that she is bold and unrestrained. As a woman, vicissitudes of life without losing strength; As a scholar, he is ambitious and not withdrawn; As a China native, she is worried but loyal, outstanding and true, which has given us eternal romantic feelings from generation to generation. Li Qingzhao was not only a great poetess and writer in ancient China, but also a very strong woman. A historical figure must be objectively evaluated in the historical era.
References:
Yu yang Interpretation of Lecture Room. Li Qingzhao Shaanxi Normal University Press, April 2008?