1, grasp the background and introduce the situation.
Students should be encouraged to collect the background information of poetry creation before the appreciation class of ancient poetry. Only by understanding the relevant background can students enrich their understanding of the poet, social phenomena and historical background, truly understand the connotation of poetry, accumulate poetry knowledge and lay a good foundation for students to appreciate poetry themselves. Ye Shengtao said: "The author has a good heart. When in Rome, do as the Romans do, he begins with his relatives." What teachers should study is how to guide students into the situation of poetry and achieve the realm of "God and things swim, mind and reason blend". It should be said that every poem, if carefully studied, can find a breakthrough to interest students. For example, some poems can use the background knowledge and the charm of poets to stimulate students' interest in learning poetry. When I was studying Liu Yong's ci, I introduced Liu Yong in this way: there was a poet who was not only a romantic genius, but also a tried and tested mentor. He is a prodigal son who is often drunk, a prodigal son who frequents Chu Pavilion in Qin Dynasty, a small official with a bumpy official career, the first professional poet who was ordered to write lyrics in China, a vagabond, and an iron elder brother who calls himself "White Snake" and "Geisha". He is bohemian. These vivid introductions made the students' mood soar immediately. Sometimes touching stories related to poetry can be used to create situations, and of course, intuitive and visual audio-visual means can be properly used to stimulate students' interest in poetry. When students' appreciation enthusiasm is ignited, teachers need to guide them to deeply understand the works, so as to achieve good results in practical teaching.
2, reading experience, deepen understanding
Reading aloud is a key for students to enter the poetry hall, and it is also a process of deeply understanding the connotation of poetry. In Lang Lang's reading, students can experience Li Bai's boldness, Du Fu's depression, Su Shi's broadmindedness, Xin Qiji's boldness and Li Qingzhao's grace. Poetry is a highly emotional style, and we must feel the feelings expressed by the author with the delicate taste of readers. Therefore, teachers need to give students enough time to chew and taste poetry, and reading aloud is a good way to capture the subtle emotional changes expressed by poetry. "I am familiar with 300 Tang poems, and I can sing even if I can't write poems." Poetry has distinct rhythm and harmonious rhythm, and only when reading aloud can we fully feel the charm of poetry; Only in reading aloud can students appreciate and understand poetry effectively. Before poetry teaching, teachers can let students listen to the dubbing recitation of famous works as the starting point of the new class, and then let students imitate reading by themselves, thus stimulating students' interest in appreciating poetry in reading. Through reading aloud, students can understand the joy, anger, sadness and joy contained in poetry that transcend time and space, and emotionally produce a * * * sound with the poet. For example, Du Fu's "Loud my songs and deep my wine, start my home in green spring" expresses joy. And "there are tens of millions of spacious buildings, and the poor in the world are happy" is trouble; Li Bai's "Oh, how can I bow and scrape to those high-ranking officials whose sincere faces will never be seen?" Su Shi's "going to Dajiangdong to clean up the waves" is a kind of unrestrained feeling. Only by reading aloud, and reading aloud, can we appreciate the infinite meaning in poetry. On this basis, teachers can also design some questions according to the characteristics of poems by commenting on classic poems, so as to guide students to think more deeply and draw more nutrients from excellent poems. And constantly encourage students to read aloud repeatedly on the basis of understanding, which not only helps students strengthen their sense of language, but also helps students remember and benefit them for life.
3. Perceive the artistic conception and understand the image.
Feeling artistic conception refers to deeply understanding the unique artistic conception of poetry as a whole, understanding the thoughts and feelings of poetry, and then giving a correct evaluation and appreciation of the artistic characteristics and significance of poetry works. The beauty of poetry can be expressed through the rendering and creation of artistic conception, so teachers in the teaching of classical poetry appreciation in senior high schools should attach great importance to guiding students to appreciate the realm of scene blending brought by artistic conception. Take Du Fu's Ascending the Mountain as an example. The first four sentences of the poem describe who climbed the mountain in autumn scenery, which smells miserable. The first couplet borrows six kinds of scenery, such as wind, sky, ape, Zhu, sand and bird, and embellishes them with words such as urgency, height, sadness, clearness, whiteness and flying, indicating the holiday order and environment, and rendering the autumn wind bleak, the fallen leaves returning to their roots and the Yangtze River rolling. The last four sentences of the poem express the anxiety and loneliness brought by climbing. The first half of this poem depicts the scenery, while the second half is lyrical. The high integration of emotion and scenery presents a profound and sad artistic conception. In order to cultivate students' aesthetic ability, teachers must let students appreciate their artistic conception according to different poetry works.
For grasping the image of poetry, teachers can start with the artistic conception of poetry, guide students to deeply analyze and appreciate it carefully, and understand the image created by poetry and the "human feelings" contained in poetry through association and imagination. For example, Li Qingzhao's "Sound Slow" tells the poet's grief, sadness, bitterness and loneliness by capturing a series of scenery and objects such as yellow flowers, autumn wind, yan zhen, phoenix tree and drizzle. If teachers grasp these images in teaching and guide students to dig deeper, they can have a profound and accurate understanding of the word. Teachers in the usual teaching. Students should also be actively encouraged to collect and master the symbolic meaning of common images. For example, the bright moon, the waning moon and the new moon mostly express sadness and farewell, and render a sad atmosphere; Sunset, mostly in the dim twilight, is full of worries; If you look at the column, most of them are thinking of others or venting their worries. In this way, students will establish a broad view of poetry appreciation, thus laying a solid foundation for better reading poetry.
4. Optimize teaching by relying on carriers.
The unique meaning, artistic conception and aesthetic feeling of classical poetry is a process of subjective feeling. This feature has brought some difficulties to the teaching of poetry appreciation. How to effectively guide students to appreciate the beautiful meaning of poetry, transform the perception of written words into effective digestion and absorption, and really let students get close to the poet emotionally and experience poetry in perception is a difficult point in poetry teaching. Timely and appropriate use of multimedia-assisted teaching can fully combine words, images, animations and sounds, so that students can obtain the artistic conception of poetry in an all-round and multi-level way, effectively make up for the shortcomings of conventional teaching, mobilize all the sensory organs of students, and make them devote themselves to the specific atmosphere of poetry, thus achieving the teaching effect of conveying feelings with sound, conveying ideas with form and entertaining education. Therefore, the rational use of multimedia-assisted teaching can optimize the process of poetry teaching. Teachers can use the beauty of multimedia to introduce new lessons or play model essays to read aloud, so as to create a stronger atmosphere for learning poetry in class, help students grasp the emotional tone of poetry, fully stimulate students' association and imagination, and make poetry teaching full of fun.