1. How to answer the artistic conception questions in ancient poetry appreciation
You should memorize the words that describe the artistic conception, such as distant, poignant, etc. This is in your information book.
You can also be commented by some sentences such as words sonorous, love like a flood, etc.
Then match the number with the poem. When describing the picture of the poem, of course it must be concise and beautiful.
There is also the need to master the main characteristics of poems by different poets at different times, such as the sharpness of Jian'an and the luxury of Tang Dynasty. In fact, the most difficult thing is the poetry of the Qing Dynasty. If it's difficult to find a question, almost all of them date from the Ming, Qing and Republic of China.
Finally, just write as much as you can, and points will be awarded. Of course, you can't write something that's wrong!
I hope it can help you 2. Common ancient poetic images and examples and solutions
1. Moon homesickness Li Bai's "Quiet Night Thoughts": "The moonlight is bright in front of the bed, I doubt it is There is frost on the ground. I look up at the bright moon and look down at my hometown. "
The moon in the poem is no longer a purely objective image, but an image imbued with the poet's emotions. Du Fu's "Moonlight Night Recalling My Brother": "The dew is white from tonight, and the moon is the brightness of my hometown."
The dew is always white, but it is whiter tonight, because the feeling is tonight; the moon is unknown everywhere, but my hometown It's even clearer, because I miss my brother and home. The poet uses fantasy to create reality in order to highlight his longing for his hometown.
Du Fu's "Moonlight Night": "Tonight, I can only look at the moon in Yanzhou alone in my boudoir. I pity my children from afar, but I still remember Chang'an." This poem was written by the poet in the prison camp of Chang'an. , expressing the imprisoned poet's longing for his wife and family.
The poet does not say that he looks at the moon and remembers his wife, but imagines that the moon is full tonight in Yanzhou, and that his wife is alone at the moon and misses him. Although his wife is accompanied by her children, the children are still too young to understand their mother's longing. , cannot share the worries for the mother. Written in this way, it expresses the poet's longing for thousands of miles, his dejected face and full of melancholy, which makes the poetry more advanced.
Wang Jian of the Tang Dynasty wrote "Wish for Du Langzhong on the Fifteenth Night": "Tonight, when the moon is bright, everyone looks at me, and I don't know who is missing my autumn thoughts." The poem uses euphemistic questions to point out the universal nostalgia in the world on this night of the full moon. The mood implicitly expresses the poet's deep longing for his friends in his hometown.
In addition, there is also "The bright moon rises on the sea, and the end of the world is at this time" ("Looking at the Moon and Huaiyuan" by Zhang Jiuling of the Tang Dynasty) 2. Liuliu - stay - say goodbye - reluctant to leave Li Bai's "Spring Night" "Wearing the Flute in Luocheng": "The sound of someone's jade flute flies darkly, spreading into the spring breeze and filling Luocheng. In this nocturne, when you hear the broken willows, who can't help but feel the love of hometown?" "), "I heard broken willows in the flute, but I have never seen the spring scenery" (Li Bai's "Song Xia"), "Why should the Qiang flute blame the willows, for the spring breeze does not pass through Yumen Pass" (Wang Zhihuan's "Liangzhou Ci"), "I have left in the past, and the willows Yiyi" ("The Book of Songs? Picking Wei").
"Breaking willow" means farewell and long-distance. Plum blossoms - the first to bloom, proud of the frost and snow - dare to be the first, not afraid of the powerful - the gentleman's plum blossoms fight against the cold and snow, with jade bones and ice muscles, aloof and self-admiring, the first to bloom in the severe cold, and then lead to the scattering of brilliant flowers Because of its fragrance, plum blossoms are admired and praised by poets.
Plum Blossoms by Chen Liang of the Song Dynasty: "One sudden changes first, and all flowers are fragrant later." The poet grasped the characteristics of plum blossoms that bloom first, and wrote a story about not being afraid of setbacks and daring to be the first in the world. Quality is not only a tribute to Mei, but also to oneself.
Lu You's famous poem "Ode to Plum Blossoms": "It has fallen into mud and ground into dust, but only the fragrance remains the same." He uses plum blossoms to describe his miserable misfortunes and his unwillingness to join in the misfortune.
Orchid - elegant and fragrant, graceful posture - pursuit of indifference - Gentleman Hermit Orchid, fresh and not turbid, pure fragrance, beautiful flower posture, well-proportioned body, vigorous leaf shape, staggered changes, and elegant charm. Because classical poetry often writes about its elegant fragrance and self-pity, and because of its fragrance and graceful posture, orchids are often used to describe beautiful things.
Rulanjia means like-minded people, orchid road means a bright future, orchid quality means orchid-like quality. "Orchid" by Xu Wei of the Ming Dynasty: "Don't be surprised that the spring light does not belong to Nong, one fragrance is enough to suppress a thousand reds.
The general command picks up the sleeves of Han, and does not become a musk deer in the world." This poem was written The beauty of spring orchid, the orchid wins with its delicate fragrance, which is many times more noble than the "thousand reds" in the spring light.
Bamboo - solid nature, chastity, green bamboo - integrity, modesty, steadfastness and nobility - hermit gentleman A. The ancients connected the natural shape of bamboo with people's moral pursuits . Bai Juyi's "Bamboo Raising Plan" compares bamboo's "solid nature", "straight nature", "empty heart", "chastity" and other characteristics to the moral cultivation of a gentleman.
Zhang Jiuling's poem "Ode to Bamboo with Huangmen Lu Shiyu": "People with high moral integrity respect each other, and humility is known to the world." Praising the integrity and humility of bamboo.
B. Metaphysicians, hermits, and poets like to discuss metaphysics in an environment surrounded by lush green bamboos, and more and more of these scenes have entered their poems. For example, Chang Jian's "Inscription on the Zen Garden Behind the Poshan Temple": "The bamboo path leads to a secluded place, and the Zen room is deep with flowers and trees.
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Chrysanthemums - blooming in autumn, elegant color - Ling Bing is proud of the snow, not afraid of the powerful; indifferent to fame and fortune, not seeking fame and fame - a man with lofty ideals, a gentleman A. Blooming in autumn - Ling Bing Aoshuang, not afraid of the powerful, sticks to the evening festival - a person with lofty ideals. When it is personified, this character of Ju becomes a benevolent person and a gentleman in the real society. Example poem: The chrysanthemum is withered and the fragrance is still there, and it is drunk in Dongli. Sleeping. - Lu You B. The color is elegant - indifferent to fame and wealth, not seeking fame - Example poem of a hermit: Open a garden in front of a pavilion, talk about mulberry and hemp while drinking.
Wait until the Double Ninth Festival to see the chrysanthemums. . - Meng Haoran's "Passing the Old Friend's Village" Falling flowers - Flowers fall and return in spring - Spring is sad and autumn is sad, youth is fleeting. Du Fu's "The Year of Li Gui in the South of the Yangtze River" "It is the beautiful scenery of Jiangnan, and the season of falling flowers meets you again." "
It writes about the ups and downs and desolate mood of wandering in the wind and rain. Yanghua (catkins) - erratic - parting mood - the image of a wanderer missing his wife and friends saying goodbye is the spirit of the art of poetry.
Sikong Tu, a poetry critic in the Tang Dynasty, said: “The image is about to come out, and nature is already amazing. "("Twenty-Four Poems") Hu Yinglin also said: "The beauty of ancient poetry is focused on imagery. ”
It can be seen that the art of imagery is the tradition of Chinese poetry. The poet’s lyricism is often not the direct expression of emotion, nor the direct infusion of thoughts, but the words here and the intention there. When describing a scene, he uses the scene to express emotions and chant objects. The "scenery" written here and the "things" chanted here are the objective "images"; the "emotions" expressed through the scenery are what the chanting objects say. "Zhi" is the subjective "meaning": the perfect combination of "image" and "meaning" is "image". The reading and appreciation of poetry must be based on interpreting the imagery of poetry as the breakthrough point, and understanding the imagery of poetry as the breakthrough point.
Let me classify the images based on the relevant information I collected. 1. Natural landscape category: moon (waning moon, bright moon, new moon, lonely moon, ice mirror, toad rabbit, jade plate).
It is a symbol of homesickness and longing for relatives in the works of many poets. It often conveys the feeling of separation, sadness, loneliness and longing for home. For example, Li Bai's "Quiet Night Thoughts": "Look up at the bright moon and lower your head to miss your hometown." "
The moon in the poem is imbued with the poet's homesickness. Du Fu's "Moonlight Night Recalls My Brother": "The dew is white tonight, and the moon is bright in my hometown." "
The moon is unknown everywhere, but it is even clearer in my hometown. Because I miss my brother and miss my hometown, writing the moon here highlights my longing for my hometown. Wang Jian of the Tang Dynasty wrote "Wish to Du Langzhong on the Fifteenth Night": "Tonight the moon is bright and everyone is gone. Look, I don’t know whose home Qiu Si will fall into. "
Implicitly expresses the poet's deep affection for friends in his hometown. 3. Looking for the artistic conception of the poem
: "The Chenjiang River fortunately circles Chenshan Mountain, for whom does it flow down to Xiaoxiang? "Unreasonable and sentimental, unreasonable and wonderful.
It seems that the poet is saying to Chenjiang: Chenjiang, you originally flowed around Chenshan Mountain, why do you have to flow all the way north to Xiaoxiang? As for the meaning of these two sentences, one might think: "Chenjiang couldn't bear the loneliness of the mountain city and drifted to a distant place, but he still had to stay here and could not be free. "(Hu Yunyi's "Selected Poems of the Song Dynasty") It may be thought that the poet "asked himself" and lamented his life experience: "I am just a scholar. I originally wanted to do something for the court, just like Chenjiang originally revolved around Chenshan. , who would have thought that he would now be involved in the whirlpool of all political struggles? "("Dictionary of Appreciation of Tang and Song Ci") Different people have different opinions.
According to the author's humble opinion, the grasp of the meaning of these two sentences may be more ethereal. The poet is struggling with the emotions of fantasy, hope and disappointment, and outlook. In the process, facing the speechless landscape in front of him, he may have quietly gained a kind of life insight: life itself is full of various explanations and has different development trends. Life is not a fixed story from the beginning. Like the Chenjiang River that surrounds Chenshan Mountain, it flows northward towards Xiaoxiang involuntarily.
The torrent of life rolls forward according to inertia, and it always brings people there. The unfathomable distance, what kind of bitter and desolate distance it will take itself to! As Mr. Ye Jiaying commented on this poem: "The symbolism of the first three sentences and the questions at the end are similar to the deep sadness of "Heavenly Questions". The question of hate, written so painfully, is his extraordinary achievement and a progress in his words. " ("Seventeen Lectures on Poems of the Tang and Song Dynasties") Su Shi, who "rose and was deposed at the same time" in Qin Guan's tragic life, felt sympathy for each other and had the inspiration of a confidant. He also loved the last two lines of his poem. When he heard about his death, he He sighed and said: "I have traveled a little, how can I redeem myself if I have thousands of people?" "I wrote on the fan to keep my ambition in mind.
So Wang Shizhen said: "The sorrow of mountains and flowing water has spread down through the ages, making people feel stomachache! ” ("Flowers and Grass").