Appreciation of the original text and translation of "The Fisherman" 1
"The Fisherman" Author: Liu Zongyuan
The Fisherman stays near the western rock at night, and at dawn he draws clear Xiang and burns Chu bamboo.
When the cigarettes are sold out and no one is seen at sunrise, there is a sound of green mountains and rivers.
Looking back at the middle stream under the sky, the unintentional clouds are chasing each other on the rocks.
Original annotation: 1. Xiyan: Xishan, Yongzhou, Hunan. 2. Wen Shua is worth accepting the sound. 3. Wuxin: refers to the clouds floating freely.
Translation:
In the evening, the fisherman anchored his boat under the Western Mountain to rest;
At dawn, he drew up the clear water from the Xiangjiang River and lit the bamboos.
The smoke disappeared and the sun rose, but his figure was nowhere to be seen;
I heard the sound of the ship's reed and oar, and suddenly saw the green mountains and green water.
Looking back, he had already sailed the boat to the middle of the sky;
On the top of the rock, there were only careless white clouds chasing each other.
Appreciation and Appreciation: Liu’s landscape poem was written in Yongzhou. The poem describes a fisherman who enjoys his time and sings in a place with green mountains and rivers, and comes and goes alone. It reveals the author's thoughts on the mountains and rivers and expresses the loneliness and anger of political frustration.
The first two sentences of the poem are about night and morning. The first sentence is plain and natural, but the second sentence is surprising and uses strange words. Drawing Qingxiang and burning Chuzhu, it can be said to be extraordinary and unconventional. The third and fourth sentences are strange. It is written that the cigarettes were sold out at sunrise, but no one was seen. Suddenly there was a sound of someone in the green mountains and green waters in the distance. This kind of interesting wording outlines a mysterious and pleasant realm, which can reveal the poet's lonely state of mind during his bumpy career. The last two sentences further exaggerate the lonely atmosphere. Looking back, there are only unintentional white clouds lingering in the sky, which can be said to be a lingering sound.
The poem is a poem about landscape and greenery, which has always been appreciated and praised by poets. Although green is only a small word, the whole place is alive. Appreciation of the original text and translation of "The Fisherman" 2
The Fisherman by Liu Zongyuan, Tang Dynasty
The Fisherman stayed near the western rock at night, and at dawn he drank the clear water and burned the bamboos of Chu.
When the cigarettes are sold out and no one is seen at sunrise, there is a sound of green mountains and rivers.
Looking back at the middle stream under the sky, the unintentional clouds are chasing each other on the rocks.
Notes:
① Xiyan: Xishan, outside the Xiangjiang River in Lingling, Hunan today.
②Dip: Get water.
③Xiang: Xiangjiang River.
④Chu: Xishan belonged to the Chu land in ancient times.
⑤Pin: dissipate.
⑥Enai: the sound of rocking the oar. In the Tang Dynasty, there was a song "E Nai Qu" in Hunan.
⑦Down the middle stream: going down from the middle stream.
Translation:
The fisherman rested against the Western Mountain at night, drank the clear Xiang River in the morning, and used Chu bamboo as firewood for cooking. When the sun came out, the clouds and mist disappeared, no one could be seen, and the sound of shaking came from the green mountains and waters. Looking back, the fishing boat has drifted downwards on the horizon, and the white clouds on the mountains are floating freely, chasing each other.
Appreciation:
This poem was written in Yongzhou. While the author expresses his affection for the landscape, he also briefly expresses his loneliness and anger of political frustration. Xiyan in the poem refers to the Western Mountains. The fisherman singing and walking alone among the green mountains and rivers has a somewhat self-contained meaning. It seems to be about the fisherman, but in fact it is about the poet himself. By describing the life of a fisherman, the poet expressed his aloof character and yearning for a leisurely life. The whole poem is vivid and real, blending scenes, interesting and meaningful. The word "strange and interesting" can summarize the main artistic features of the whole poem. Appreciation of the original text and translation of "The Fisherman" 3
The Fisherman stayed near the western rock at night, and at dawn he drank the clear water and burned the bamboos of Chu.
When the cigarettes are sold out and no one is seen at sunrise, there is a sound of green mountains and rivers.
Looking back at the middle stream under the sky, the unintentional clouds are chasing each other on the rocks.
Creation background
Liu Zongyuan's landscape poem was written when he was in Yongzhou (today's Lingling, Hunan). In 806 AD (the first year of Yuanhe of Emperor Xianzong of the Tang Dynasty), Liu Zongyuan was demoted to Yongzhou for participating in the Yongzhen Revolution. His ambitions turned into smoke. He was deeply attached to the mountains and rivers of a foreign land, wrote the famous "Eight Notes of Yongzhou", and wrote many "The Fisherman" is one of the representative poems about the lakes and mountains in Yongzhou.
Translation and annotations
Translation
The fisherman stopped his boat and rested against the Western Mountains at night, drank the clear Xiang River in the morning, and used Chu bamboo as firewood for cooking.
The sun was rising, the clouds and mist had cleared, and the surroundings were silent. The sound of fishermen rowing could be heard from the green mountains and waters.
Turning around, he saw that he had sailed the boat to the middle of the sky. On the top of the rock, there were only careless white clouds chasing each other.
Comments
Pong: close. Xiyan: refers to Xishan in Yongzhou, please refer to the author's "Shide Xishan Banquet Travel Notes".
Ji (jí): fetch water. Xiang: water of the Xiangjiang River. Chu: Xishan belonged to Chu land in ancient times.
Pin: dissipate. It can also be used as "eliminate".
嬸(ǎi) is an onomatopoeia. One says it refers to the sound of an oar, and another says it refers to the sound of a person shouting. In the Tang Dynasty, one of the Xiangzhong songs was "E Nai Qu" (see Yuan Jie's "E Nai Qu Preface").
Down the middle stream: going down from the middle stream.
Wuxin: Tao Yuanming's "Going Back and Coming": "The clouds came out of Xiu without a heart." Generally speaking, it refers to the spiritual state of forgetting both things and myself as mentioned by Zhuangzi. Su Shi's "Shu Liu Zihou's "The Fisherman" Poetry" says: "The poem is based on strange interest, and the unusual and Taoist interest is the interest. If you are familiar with this poem, it has strange interest. However, the last two sentences are not necessary." Yan Yu's "Cang" From this point on, "Langshihua" said: "Dongpo deleted the last two sentences and revived Zihou, and he must be convinced." However, Liu Chenweng thought: "The spirit of this poem is not that of the late Tang Dynasty, but the difference lies in the last two sentences." After that, There have always been two opinions regarding the last two lines of this poem.
Appreciation
This article was written in Yongzhou (which governs present-day Yongzhou, Hunan). The famous prose "Eight Notes of Yongzhou" written by the author. While expressing his love for the landscape, he also slightly embodies the loneliness and anger of political frustration. The same meaning also exists in his landscape poems. In terms of art, this poem has attracted special attention from future generations. Su Dongpo of the Song Dynasty praised: "Poems are based on strangeness, and abnormality and Taoism are the fun. If you are familiar with this poem, it has strangeness." The word "strangeness" really captures the artistic characteristics of this poem. This article was selected into "Three Hundred Tang Poems".
"The fisherman stayed near the Western Rock at night, and at dawn he drank the clear Xiang water and burned the Chu bamboo." The first two sentences said that the fisherman rested against the Western Mountain at night, drew the clear Xiang water in the morning, and used the Chu bamboo as firewood. meal. The first sentence starts from "night". The "Xiyan" in the first sentence refers to the Xishan in "Shide Xishan Banquet Travel Notes". The first sentence is very ordinary; but the second sentence is strange when it is written at dawn. Originally, getting up early to fetch water and light a fire was an ordinary thing. However, the words "drawing Qingxiang" and "burning Chuzhu" are novel and unheard of by readers. The fact is that they are just drinking water from the Xiangjiang River and using dry bamboo as salary. Instead of talking about drawing "water" and burning "bamboo", instead using "Qing Xiang" and "Chu Bamboo" as substitutes, the meaning of the poem will be different. Just like "cooking gold and delicacies" gives people a feeling of extravagance. "Ji Qingxiang" and "Burning Chu Bamboo" have an extraordinary feeling, which seems to symbolize the aloof character of the person in the poem. It can be seen that the word "abnormal" can express a special taste, which is the so-called "harmony". These two sentences describe the dawn. The reader knows from the sound of drawing water and the light of burning bamboo that there is a fisherman under the Western Rock.
"When the cigarettes are sold out and no one is seen at sunrise, there is a sound of green mountains and rivers." These two sentences mean that when the sun comes out and the clouds and fog disappear, no one is seen, and the sound of sculling comes from the green mountains and waters. In the third or fourth sentence, Fang wrote "the sun rises when the cigarettes are sold out". Logically, the characters should meet the readers at this time, but instead "no one is seen", which is also "abnormal". However, with the "smoking sunrise", the green waters and green mountains suddenly appeared as they were. Suddenly I heard the sound of the oar, "Oh!" It turned out that although the person was missing, he was still in the mountains and rivers. This is "in line with the Tao". The wording here is also strange: "The cigarettes are burning, the sun rises" and "the mountains and rivers are green" are cause and effect of each other, but they have nothing to do with "no people", and "the mountains and rivers are green" have nothing to do with "ye is a sound". But these two familiar sentences, "The cigarettes are sold out and no one is seen at sunrise" can convey a sense of surprise; the sound of oars and paddles in the middle of the green mountains and green waters is particularly sweet and pleasant, and the mountains and rivers seem to be greener and lovelier. . Through such strangeness, the author writes a solitary and somewhat mysterious realm, faintly conveying his aloof and lonely state of mind. So it's not interesting for the sake of being interesting.
"Looking back at the middle stream under the sky, the unintentional clouds are chasing each other on the rocks." After sunrise, the picture becomes more open. At this time, the fishing boat had entered the middle stream. Looking back, I saw white clouds floating on the top of the mountain, as if they were chasing each other carelessly. The poetic state was extremely leisurely and tranquil. Su Dongpo thought that this ending was "even if it is not necessary", which aroused a debate. For a time, Song Yanyu, Liu Chenweng, Ming Dynasty Hu Yinglin, Wang Shizhen, Qing Dynasty Wang Shizhen, Shen Deqian and others all expressed their own opinions and had different opinions, but their arguments were limited. In terms of artistic taste, I did not have a deep understanding of Liu Zongyuan's situation and mood when he wrote this poem. In his poems, Liu Zongyuan repeatedly talked about his heavy and depressed mood after being demoted. In "The Second Letter with Yang Jizhi", he wrote: "It has been seven years since I arrived in Yongzhou, and the fleas are in panic at night." The ideals, ambitions and The cold reality produced sharp contradictions. In the case of extreme grief and indignation, he "just used it as a hoe and a hoe to cut the streams and springs into a garden for farmers, and then dredged ditches and ponds, planted trees, sang songs, sat fishing, and watched." The blue sky and white clouds are suitable for this." In "Shide Xishan Banquet Travel Notes", Liu Zongyuan expressed it more clearly: "Since I have been killing people, I live in this state, and I am always worried about chestnuts, so I give to others. "Wandering for a long time", it can be seen that he is not wandering among the mountains and rivers with a calm and indifferent heart, but is forcing forgiveness in order to find solace. However, as he lamented in "Twenty Rhymes of Traveling to Chaoyang Rock and Climbing the West Pavilion": "Relegation and abandonment are not in hiding, and ascending to Zhi is not in the suburbs." In fact, he did not obtain real relief. Sometimes, He thought about his own misfortune because of the encounters in the mountains and rivers, so he couldn't help but sigh with regret. Sometimes he felt something unexpected while trekking up the mountain, and couldn't help but reveal his injustice and resistance. Because of this, he had a stronger desire to get rid of this. A kind of mental depression. Therefore, instead of saying that "The Fisherman" expresses a calm and relaxed mood with interesting scenery, it is better to say that it reveals a hot and restless heart hidden behind it. This is a passionate yearning and an eager pursuit. The free and comfortable life shown in the poem is really too precious and beautiful for the poet who is in a state of imprisonment. Therefore, after writing the strange sentence about the sunrise, the poet did not want to give up, but took pleasure in expressing his wishes more openly. He used the sentence "Yun Wuxin came out of Xiu" in Tao Yuanming's "Return to Come" to start the sentence. The poetic realm has such an ending. Only by truly understanding Liu Zongyuan's real situation can we understand the intention of his conclusion.
The poet expresses the mutual understanding between the fisherman and nature from beginning to end, not only for the need of artistic expression, but also reflects his desire for a free life. This also shows that to deeply understand the artistic style of a work, it is often inseparable from an accurate grasp of the author's thoughts and feelings.
In this poem, the "fisherman" who sings and sings to himself in a place with green mountains and green waters, and walks alone, contains the author's self-portraits. The protagonist walks alone, highlighting a kind of self-admiration. The words "seeing no one" and "looking back at the sky" all reveal a somewhat lonely feeling.
This poem, like "Snow on the River", expresses the poet's own mood and interest. However, "Snow on the River" is static, but this poem is one sentence after another, with continuous transitions, smooth and lively. , so vivid. The two poems, one static and one moving, perfectly complement each other and perfectly express the ideal life state that the poet yearns for: independence from the world, returning to nature, unrestrained, free, self-reliant, and contented. They should be regarded as two masterpieces of romantic poetry.