Dynasty: Wei and Jin Dynasties
Author: Cao Cao
Original text:
The northern army boarded the Taihang Mountain. How difficult it is to climb this high mountain!
Sakamoto Road is a bumpy road with bumpy wheels.
The wind whistling in the trees and the north wind howling in sorrow.
When the bear was on the sidewalk, tigers and leopards stood on both sides of the street howling.
The valley is desolate, sparsely populated and covered with heavy snow.
Looking up, the long voice sighed, and the long journey was continuous.
To annotate ...
1. Taihang Mountain: A large mountain range located at the junction of Shanxi, Hebei and Henan provinces.
2. Mr. Hu: How? It has the same meaning as "He Fei" in "Snowfall" below. A towering appearance.
3. Yangchangban (bǐ n): Place name, named after Panshan Highway in the southeast of Huguan (now southeast of Changzhi County, Shanxi Province). Sakamoto: Slope. Bow: twists and turns.
4. Destruction: destruction and breaking.
5. Pi (pí): A kind of bear, also called Ma Xiong or human bear.
6. Valley: There is water in low-lying mountainous areas. People in the mountains often live in valleys. It says here that "there are few people" and there are few people in the mountains.
7. Feifei: It's snowing heavily.
8. Stretch your neck: Stretch your neck (looking down).
9. Huai: nostalgia, trouble.
10. Xun (fú) Yu: Depression.
1 1. Donggui: refers to my hometown of Qiao Jun. The author Qiaocheng (now Bo County, Anhui Province) lives in the east of Taihang Mountain, so the cloud "belongs to the east".
12. Absolutely: off.
13. Middle road: midway.
14. Dusk: Dusk.
15. Carrying a bag: carrying luggage. Pay: collect firewood while walking.
16. axe ice: cut ice with an axe to get water. Mi (mí): porridge.
17. Dongshan: the title of The Book of Songs. According to Mao's preface, this article was written for the Duke of Zhou's eastward expedition, when his soldiers left their hometown for three years and missed their hometown on their way home.
18. Youyou: Long-term worry.
translate
How difficult it is to climb Taihang Mountain in the Northern Expedition!
The catgut road is really rugged, and the wheels are broken all the way.
The wind rustled the trees and the north wind roared and wailed.
On the road, the bear squatted in front of me, and the tiger and leopard barked.
The valley is desolate, sparsely populated and snowy.
Looking up at the distance, sighing for a long time, thinking like a tide.
How depressed I am, I really want to go back to my hometown.
The bridge was broken in deep water, and it was difficult to move forward. The army was wandering halfway.
I got lost in the March and had no place to live at night.
Walking, walking for a long time, people are tired, thirsty and hungry
Walking with a bag on your back, chopping wood, chiseling ice and cooking porridge to satisfy your hunger.
Thinking of the article Dongshan deeply touched my sadness.
How sad I am and I really want to go back to my hometown.
The bridge is too deep to enter, and the army is on the road.
Lost in marching, there is no place to stay at night.
Walking, walking, a long day, the tired horse is hungry and hungry.
He walked along the side of the wolves, chopping wood and cutting ice to fill his stomach.
Thinking of the poem Dongshan deeply touched my grief.
Make an appreciative comment
In 206 AD, Cao Cao led an army to Gao Qian and wrote this poem while passing through the famous narrow path of Taihang Mountain. Its style is old and sad, echoing the gloomy atmosphere at a distance. This poem is sincere, straightforward and unpretentious. In his poems, the poet described the winding road, the journey of snow and ice, and the dilemma of accommodation with unpretentious brushwork. The poet also truthfully recorded the homesickness caused by the hard military life. What is even more touching is that although he is a military commander, the poet did not try to be a hero here. Instead, he wrote the inner fluctuation in that environment naked, and the straightforward brushwork presented the poet's inner world, touching the readers' heartstrings with his sincerity.
The poem always leads the whole article with "how difficult it is", and the word "difficult" runs through the journey. The sentence "There are many bleak trees, and the sound of the north wind is just sad" lays a bleak and sad tone for the whole poem, which makes the whole poem shrouded in a sad and sinister atmosphere. In order to further render the sad and sinister atmosphere, the poet lamented the difficulty of marching with images such as narrow paths, scary and trembling bears roaring and tigers barking, and lonely and long snow. Based on this, I put forward the idea of "I want to return to the East". The last two sentences are written on both sides. First of all, the poet sympathizes with the soldiers who have been fighting for a long time and longs for the end of the war and the realization of reunification. A poet compared himself with Duke Zhou to the determination to overcome all difficulties and win conquest. The whole poem is filled with sadness, and the lyrics are sincere and touching.
Creation background
This poem was written in the spring of the 11th year of Jian 'an (2006), and Cao Cao was on his way to Gao Qian. Gao Qian is Yuan Shao's nephew. He was appointed as a state shepherd by his subordinates. In the ninth year of Jian 'an (AD 204), he rebelled for fear of Cao Cao's force. The following year, he took advantage of Cao Cao's northern expedition to Wuhuan, mobilized troops to rebel and occupied Huguan. In order to pacify the north and completely eradicate Yuan Shao's influence, Cao Cao braved the cold wind of winter and spring in the north, crossed the lofty and steep Taihang Mountain and led his troops to fight in the north.