[Southern Dynasties] Yinkeng (2)
Dongting is full of spring scenery and Pinghu is full of sails.
Peach blossom is in color, and Du Ruoxiang is in Xiangliu.
The point is close to Maoshan (4), and the river is even longer than Wuxia.
The sky is clear and blue, reflecting the floating light of the sun.
Ride a boat to tease distant trees, cross a bird to rest in danger.
Unpredictable, a reed can sail?
[Note] ① Caoqing Lake: Located in the southwest of Yueyang, Hunan Province, it is a part of the southern waters of Dongting Lake, where Xiangjiang River and Miluo River join Dongting Lake. ② Yin Keng: a poet in the Southern Dynasties. Zeng Shiliang and Chen experienced regime change. (3) Slip: The appearance of water flow, here refers to the rising water. ④ Maoshan: In the southeast of Jurong County, Jiangsu Province. There is Huayang Cave in the mountains. According to legend, Mao Ying, Mao Gu and Mao Zhong became immortals here in the Han Dynasty. ⑤: Oh, why.
1. The words "tease" and "rest" in "boating to tease distant trees and crossing birds to avoid danger" are well used. Please enjoy it briefly. (3 points)
2. How does this poem express the poet's thoughts and feelings? Please analyze it briefly. (4 points)
Reference answer
1. "Teasing" and "resting" mean stopping and stopping. (1 min) Zhouxing Lake seems to stop on the treetops when it is in the water; Birds don't have enough strength to fly over the lake, so they have to rest on the high mast. The word (1 min) subtly leads to the "smallness" of boats and birds to reflect the vastness of Caohu Lake. ( 1) (***3)
2.( 1) Love and admiration for the scenery in front of you. (1 min) The poem begins with the beautiful scenery of slow sailing in spring water, and then quotes four sentences of "Shui Yuan", which is reminiscent of Tao Yuanming's Xanadu, Qu Yuan's Lady Xiang, and the "legend" of the immortal descending to earth and the goddess of Wushan, with fantastic colors. (1 min) (2) Endless lamentation over the sufferings of the world. (1 min) The last two sentences of the poem are lyrical by borrowing scenery, which re-emphasizes the vastness of the lake and the smallness of a boat, and expresses the sigh of the fatigue of the journey and the dangers of the world. (1) (***4. It can be understood as "setting off sadness with music scenes", which is also reasonable. )
Author:
Yinkeng
Poets between Liang and Chen in the Southern Dynasties. The word is firm, and the year of birth and death is unknown. My ancestral home is Wuwei (now Wuwei, Gansu). At the end of the Jin Dynasty, his great-grandfather moved to Nanping (now Jingzhou, Hubei Province) with Liu Yu, Emperor Wu of the Southern Song Dynasty, and became a silver pit four generations later. During 540-547 AD (from the sixth year of Datong to the first year of Taiqing), Yin Keng joined the army as the king of eastern Hunan, Xiao Yifa and Cao Xing. When Hou Jing rebelled, he was captured by the rebels and escaped when he was rescued. Chen Wendi joined the army in Tianjia, and worked as a document for Shixing Wang Chen Bomao. In order to recruit generals from Peking University, Hou Andu recruited scribes to write poems in the house, and Yin Keng was one of the guests. On the recommendation of Xu Ling, Chen Wendi summoned him that day and ordered someone to write a poem about the newly-built Anle Palace, which was well received. Tired of moving to Zhaoyuan, the general and the prefect of Jinling rode away as a formal servant and died. Yin Keng's five-character poems are good at describing mountains and rivers, and their style is fresh and beautiful, similar to that of He Xun. The world is called "Yin He". There are three volumes, and only 30 songs remain so far.
Appreciate:
This poem is one of Yin Keng's representative works. When I crossed the lake, I saw the vast scenery, wide realm and far-reaching thoughts of Caoqing Lake in spring. Caoqinghu Lake, also known as Baqiu Lake, is located in the southwest of Yueyang City, Hunan Province. According to Yu Fang Minutes, "Caoqinghu is connected to Dongting in Hubei, Xiaoxiang in the south and Miluo in the east", and there is Cao Qing along the coast of Hunan, hence the name. When spring water flooded, Dongting Lake and Caoqing Lake merged into one, and the smoke was boundless. The lake enters the Yangtze River, crosses Wuxia Gorge in the west and enters the sea in the east.
In the first two sentences, the poet pointed out the season of crossing the lake and outlined the panoramic view of the lake with the words "full" and "flat". The next four sentences in "Shui Yuan" not only describe the water potential of Dongting Lake, but also incorporate touching legends related to it, which enriches the meaning of the poem and gives people unlimited imagination. Shui Yuan is a river in western Hunan, which flows into Dongting, and Taoyuan County is on its left bank. The word "peach blossom color" is reminiscent of Tao Yuanming's "Xanadu for yellow hair"; There are some sentences of Mrs. Xiang in The Songs of the South, such as "Take to" and "Take Tingzhou to". Therefore, "Du Ruoxiang" reminds people of the legend of "moths to the fire" and Mrs. Xiang described by Qu Yuan. Maoshan, also known as Qushan, is a famous Taoist mountain in China, located in the southeast of Jurong County, Jiangsu Province. There is Huayang Cave in the mountains. According to legend, during the Han Dynasty, Mao Ying, Mao Gu and Mao Zhong became immortals here. Martial arts, on the other hand, have the legend of Wushan Goddess. Therefore, these four poems not only describe the natural scenery, but also make the poems dreamy. "Take the sky" four sentences describe the remote scenery of Dongting Lake: a leaf boat, a few birds, birds dare not cross the lake, perched on high masts, and the vast lake is unfathomable and out of reach. In contrast, the bigger the big one, the smaller the small one. Therefore, the poet naturally expressed the feeling that the journey was tiring and things were difficult: "Things are unpredictable, and a reed can set sail?" This poem has distinct scenery, alternating distance, bright colors and smooth brushwork.