Plum blossoms are sent by the post office, fish and geese are sent by the book elements, and the accumulated grievances cannot be indexed. Chen Qiang was lucky enough to surround Chen Shan carefree. For whom should it flow to Xiaoxiang?
The title of this word is "Chenzhou Guest House". Written in the spring and March of the fourth year of Shaosheng (1097). Prior to this, due to the struggle between the old and new parties, Qin Guan was sentenced to Hangzhou, and Liu Zheng told him to increase his record and demote Chuzhou's wine tax. Shao Sheng was convicted of writing Buddhist books for three years and exiled to Chenzhou (now Chenzhou City, Hunan Province). Being relegated one by one, one can imagine the bitterness of his mood, which was shaped by his pen, and his ci became more and more sad. This work was written when I first arrived in Chenzhou, and expressed the bitterness and bitterness of exile with euphemistic and tortuous brushwork. Become the eternal swan song of the noun circle.
The first movie is about the lonely and cold environment in the middle. The first three sentences write about the scenery in love, and suddenly open a picture of sadness, confusion and ecstasy: the sky is foggy and the balcony is hidden, and the ferry is confused and difficult to distinguish in the moonlight. "The fog is lost, and the moon is lost." Intertextuality is not only a neat sentence, but also a beautiful sentence with mixed scenes. The words "lost" and "lost" not only accurately outline the ambiguity of the tower and ferry in the fog under the moon, but also accurately write the author's infinite sadness. "Mist loss" and "Moon loss" all contributed to the next sentence "Hope to break". "Taoyuan is nowhere to be found." The poet should have been standing in the inn for a long time, looking for the paradise described by Tao Yuanming. Taoyuan, located in Wuling (now Changde, Hunan), is not far from Chenzhou. The poet is associated with this: it is "looking elsewhere" and it is also futile. With the word "broken", people can appreciate the poet's melancholy eyes and his disappointment and pain in searching for a fantasy realm for a long time. His Pink Lips is titled Taoyuan. In a word, "the fate of dust is wrong, and there is no intention of living between flowers." Write the same mood. "Taoyuan" is a resort to avoid chaos in Tao Yuanming's mind and an ideal paradise in the poet's mind. It is a caring place throughout the ages, and different generations are United. And "fog" and "moon" are insurmountable obstacles in reality, and they present unspeakable symbolic significance with their own emptiness. And "Loutai" and "Jindu", in the minds of China literati, are also endowed with cultural and spiritual meanings, which are upward and transcendental expansion of spiritual space. How the poet wishes to find a secret passage to "Taoyuan"! However, he was only disappointed. One is "lost" and another is "lost". What the reality returns to him is the scene of this fog cage and smoke lock. The failure of "adapting to heaven" aims to lead to unbearable reality. So the conniving eyes began to adduce and ridiculed that "the lonely pavilion is cold in spring, and the cuckoo is sunset." Taoyuan is nowhere to be found. I live in a guest house in Chenzhou, a small town in southern Hunan, far from home. It's easy to breed homesickness, what's more, I'm not traveling abroad, but I'm reduced to the end of the world. These two sentences are intended to play up the desolation of this relegated place. In the chilly spring season, I am alone in the guest house, thinking about the past, and I feel chilling about the future. A word "closed" locked the door of the museum in the cold spring and locked the heart that wanted to expand. There are even cuckoo calls, urging people to "go home" and reminding travelers of their worries; The setting sun is heavy and falling to the west. How can you not touch a desolate sense of life experience? Poets use words such as "lonely pavilion", "cold spring", "cuckoo bird" and "sunset" to arouse people's feelings and make people feel sad, that is, to integrate their feelings into the scenery and create a kind of "realm with me". Moreover, the use of the word "comparable" leads to a strong chill, as if his whole body and mind were swallowed up in this bleak and gloomy cloud all over the sky. Mr. Wang Jing' an couldn't help but write a poem saying, "It's saddest to swim less, but when it comes to' the lonely pavilion is closed in the cold of spring, the cuckoo is sunset', it becomes sad." Many seniors feel uncomfortable with the word "sunset" after their "sunset" and think they are tired. These three words are actually expressing the passage of time and making a note for "hope to break". The sun goes down, that is, when the sun goes down, it slowly sinks and dusk begins. "Dusk" is when the sun sets. This time series contains the feeling that the poet is worried about the coming of the night because of loneliness. This is a sad mood that people who are in a successful situation and have a full life have never experienced. Therefore, the word "sunset" greatly increases the emotional color.
The next movie begins with the narration, which is about the enthusiasm and comfort of distant friends. "Send a plum flower, the fish is the ruler." There are two allusions to letters sent by friends, which can be found in Jingzhou Ji and the ancient poem Ma Yin Great Wall Cave Tour. The news that Mei Chuansu was comforted by distant relatives and friends should have been encouraging, but as a relegated poet, there is no hope of returning to the North, but "my heart is not the same." Every letter wrapped in comfort from relatives and friends will always touch the sensitive heartstrings of the poet and play a sad song recalling the past life and saving the present suffering. Every time a letter comes, the poet has to go through this spiritual struggle, which deepens his hatred. So the third sentence, there is a sharp turn, "this hate is not heavy." All comfort is of no help. Leaving hate is like "hate", which is unbearable. A word "build by laying bricks or stones" visualizes the invisible sadness, as if it can be accumulated repeatedly, and finally a thick and solid "hate" wall like a brick wall is built. Hate who? Hate what? The poet in adversity did not make it clear. Contact him in "self-defense": "Once a strange disaster is created, it is zero." It can be seen that his hatred is related to falling horse, and falling horse is related to party disaster. In the history of ci poetry, as a representative poet of graceful and restrained school, Qin Guan expressed his resistance to reality with this "hate" wall in his heart. Doesn't he want to express his inner sorrow and indignation? However, he was too worried and sarcastic to make it clear. So he turned reality into fiction and made a mistake, treating the scenery in front of him as a stupid question: "Chen Jiang is lucky to go around Chen Shan, who will go to Xiaoxiang?" Unreasonable and affectionate, unreasonable and wonderful. It seems that the poet is saying to Chen Jiang: Chen Jiang, you used to flow around Chenshan, but why did journey to the south come to Xiaoxiang? As for the implication of these two sentences, I might think: "Chen Jiang can't stand the loneliness of the mountain city, and has already left his hometown, but he still has to stay here and can't be free." (Selected Poems of Hu Song) Or he thinks that the poet "asks himself and answers himself" and laments his own life experience: "I am a studious man, and I wanted to do something for the imperial court, just like Chen Jiang was around at the beginning. Who would have thought that I would be involved in all political struggles now? " Different people have different opinions. According to the author's clumsy intention, the grasp of these two sentences may be ethereal. In the emotional struggle of fantasy, hope, disappointment and prospect, in the face of the quiet scenery in front of him, perhaps he quietly gained a feeling of life: life itself is full of various explanations and has different development trends. Life is not a fixed story from the beginning, just like Chen Jianghe around Chenshan Mountain, which itself involuntarily flows north to Xiaoxiang. The torrent of life, according to inertia, rolls forward, it always takes people to unfathomable distances, and what a bitter and desolate distance it will take itself to! As Mr. Ye Jiaying commented on this word: "The symbol of the first three sentences and the problem at the end have deep sadness and hatred similar to Tian Wen's problem. This is his extraordinary achievement and the progress of the world. " Su Shi, who shared the joys and sorrows with Qin Guan, was inspired by a bosom friend. He also loved his last two words, and when he heard of his death, he sighed, "It is enough to swim less, even if ten thousand people can't redeem him!" From fascination with writing to obsession. Based on the Wang Shizhen cloud: "The sorrow of mountains and flowing water, down through the ages, makes people feel abdominal pain!" ("Flowers and plants are picked")
Generally speaking, this word is the best in the alternation of reality and reality and mutual promotion. The first part takes reality as virtual, the second part turns reality into virtual, and the upper and lower knots are quite famous in the ci world. Wang Guowei (Jing 'an), who praised "lonely pavilion in spring and cuckoo sound in sunset", regarded Dongpo's second language as "skin reading". It is biased to hold a theory. The question of "Chen Jiang" at the end of the last sentence is not ashamed of "Ke Kan" in style and meaning. The so-called appreciation of Dongpo's "superficial appearance" can also be described as "not easy to understand people"
This word was written by Shao Sheng when he was relegated to Chenzhou Hotel for four years (1097). The words express the author's sadness and disappointment in moving to a remote place, as well as his disappointment in missing his hometown. The first part of Ci focuses on the scenery, describing what the poet saw, heard and lived in Chenzhou, but there is affection in the scenery, which shows the poet's depressed, confused and lonely feelings. The next film is mainly lyrical, which is about his infinite sadness in exile, and he occasionally brings scenery.
"The fog lost the balcony, the moon lost the maze, and Taoyuan was nowhere to be found." Write a sad and charming world where night fog covers everything: the balcony disappears in the vast fog; The ferry was obscured by the dim moonlight; At that time, Tao Yuanming's Peach Blossom Garden was shrouded in clouds and nowhere to be found. Of course, this is what the author expected, because the next two sentences are "lonely home is cold, and the sun sets in the cuckoo sound." The poet lives in a lonely museum, and only in imagination can he see "Du Jin". From the time point of view, the first sentence was written on a foggy moonlit night, and the next sentence returned to the bloody dusk of the sunset. It can be seen that these two sentences are true poets who can't bear the loneliness of the hostel, and the first three sentences are fictional scenes. Here, the poet uses the technique of creating scenery with emotion, and the scenery is designed for emotion and meaningful. "Balcony" reminds people of a lofty and beautiful image, but now it is swallowed up by the fog all over the sky: "Ferry" reminds people of showing the way out of trouble, but now it is lost in the dim night: "Taoyuan" reminds people of a paradise in Tao Yuanming's Peach Blossom Garden, but now it can't be found on earth. In the first three sentences, three negative words "lost", "lost" and "nothing" were added respectively, and three things that once existed or existed in people's imagination were written one after another, showing the frustration and hopelessness of a frustrated person who has been relegated repeatedly.
And "lonely pavilion in spring, cuckoo twilight." Two sentences began to positively describe the poet's real life in Chenzhou Guest House. A word "pavilion" has hinted at the trouble of traveling. Said "Lonely Pavilion" further points out the loneliness of the hostel, the loneliness of the hostel. And this "lonely pavilion" is closed in the cold spring, and the poet's feelings in it can be imagined. At this time, there came the plaintive cry of the cuckoo again; The bleak sunset slowly sets in the west, and this scene becomes more and more funny, causing the poet endless sadness. Cuckoo's singing is a common image in classical poetry, which is used to express wandering thoughts. In order to travel less, I live in a lonely house. It's chilly in spring, listening to cuckoo's tears and watching the sunset. This situation can only be described as "awesome".
Those "comparable" are not comparable. How can the poet stand this heavy and biting atmosphere? Commenting on these two sentences, Wang Guowei said: "It's saddest to swim less. When it comes to' Lonely Pavilion and Spring Pass, the cuckoo is in the sunset', it becomes sad." After a film, "plum blossoms are sent by mail, but fish grow long. This hate is insignificant." Write homesickness and homesickness with allusions from letters posted by two friends. "Sticking Plum Blossoms" is recorded in Jingzhou Ji: "Fish conveys the essence of life", which is the poetry in Ma Yin Great Wall Cave written by ancient Yuefu, meaning correspondence. Without travel, you are a relegated person, and there is no hope of returning to the north. In fact, books and gifts from friends and relatives can not bring him any comfort, but only increase him in vain.
So the more letters and gifts, the more hatred will accumulate. Countless "plum blossoms" and "ruler elements" seem to pile up into "hatred without multiple" The poet's feeling is deep and difficult to express. Therefore, the poet innovated and only said, "This hate is not heavy." With the word "build by laying bricks or stones", letters and plum blossoms seem to be built one by one, reaching the limit of "no multiplicity". This writing method not only visualizes abstract and subtle feelings, but also makes people imagine that the hatred accumulated in the poet's heart is like a brick, heavy and solid, which cannot be eliminated.
In such a deep and unbearable bitterness and hatred, Chen Qiang made the last two sentences: "Chen Qiang is lucky to go. Who did he go to Xiaoxiang for?" On the surface, these two sentences seem to be lyrical on the spot. The writer looks at the river and expresses his homesickness. Chen Jiang originated in Huangling Mountain, Chenxian County, Hunan Province, which is the mountain character written in "Chenshan Mountain". After Chen Jiang came out of the mountain, it flowed into the thunder water in the north, Leiyang County in the north and Xiangjiang River in Xiaoshui, Hengyang in the east. But in fact, once the poet is enlightened, the mountains and rivers seem to be alive and have people's thoughts and feelings. Thanks to the addition of the words "fortunately" and "for whom" in these two sentences, the ruthless landscape seems to understand human language. The poet asked Chen Jiang: You once lived in your hometown and got together with Chen Shan, but who did you leave your hometown for?
In fact, the poet felt sorry for himself in the face of Chen Qiang and lamented that he was a good scholar. He wanted to come out and do something for the court, but how did he know that he was now involved in the whirlpool of political struggle? The poet's description of Chen River water has injected the author's deep resentment against leaving his hometown, which is symbolic, so the meaning of the last two sentences is deeper and richer.
This word expresses the bitterness and sadness of the frustrated and reveals some dissatisfaction with the real politics. In writing, poets make good use of antithesis to write scenes and express their feelings. At the beginning of the first part, "the fog loses its tower and the moon passes through the maze", and the fog and moonlight oppose each other, creating a hazy artistic conception that covers the whole word; At the beginning of the next movie, antithesis is also used. "Plum blossoms came from the post, and fish came from the feet. Although they are all friends' information and gifts that express the same content, they can create frequent momentum in communication, which is in line with "building this hate".
In a word, this poem describes the specific state of mind in the author's characteristic environment in a novel, delicate and euphemistic way, expresses the deep and implicit sadness as a disciple, entrusts with a deep and sad sense of life experience, and creates a sad and implicit poetic environment by using realistic and symbolic methods, which fully embodies the author's outstanding artistic talent as a graceful school in the Northern Song Dynasty.
This is a lyric poem with personal life experience. In the early years of Song Zhe Zongshaosheng, Qin Guan was first demoted to Tongguan, Hangzhou because of his involvement in "Yuan You party member", and then was demoted to prison state wine tax because of "adding Su Shi's shadow and losing the record", and finally moved to Chenzhou. Continuous political setbacks and blows, and repeated changes and bumps in life have made a poet who once had lofty ideals feel disillusioned, and his future is bleak and his mood is extremely low. This word vividly describes the author's lonely situation when he was demoted to Chenzhou and the dissatisfaction caused by repeated demotion. Judging from the author's experience and the emotions reflected in the poem, it seems that this poem cannot be simply summarized as a general homesick work.
The first film is about a lonely situation. The first three sentences outline a hazy picture of night fog and moonlight. The dense fog starts from covering the balcony. The word "lost" is very vivid, because the whole space is thick fog, so in the author's eyes, the balcony has disappeared without a trace. "Crossing the maze of the moon" is very neat compared with the first sentence. It is also a supplement to the first sentence. The fog covered the balcony and, of course, the ferry where the boat was driving. "Mystery" means that the moon is lost. Every day when the bright moon rises, it always shines on the balcony and on the ferry. However, at the moment, due to the vast fog, not only the balcony was swallowed up, but even the familiar "Jindu" was gone. The appearance of the word "Fan" seems that even the moon has a human touch. Of course, the author's attention lies not in the "tower" and "ferry" in front of him, but in the "Taoyuan" that has long been bound in the author's mind. So the third sentence clearly points out: "Taoyuan is nowhere to be found."
There have been different interpretations of the word "Taoyuan". Some people interpret Liu Chen and Ruan as fairies of Mount Tai, but this interpretation seems too far-fetched. Here, it is more appropriate to interpret it as Taoyuan in Tao Yuanming's Peach Blossom Garden. 1. Peach Blossom Garden is located in Wuling (now Taoyuan County), Hunan Province, and the author was demoted to Chenzhou. Although it is far from the Peach Blossom Spring, when I came to Hunan, I naturally associated it with the Peach Blossom Spring. Secondly, in ancient poetry, Taoyuan is not only a secluded place to avoid chaos, but also an ideal place for most intellectuals with ideals and ambitions. Therefore, this third sentence is not only about Taoyuan County in reality, but also the writer's ideal.
However, even if the author looks at it with his eyes, "Taoyuan" is still nowhere to be found. The above three sentences vividly reflect the author's extreme depression after many denials. With such emotions, the author's sad mood can be imagined. However, more importantly. At this time, the author was alone in the "lonely pavilion" and suffered from the "cold spring". What he heard was "cooing" and what he saw was "sunset". It turns out that "the fog loses its tower" and "the peach garden looks broken" have made the author feel sad and painful. How can he stand the cross attacks of Lonely Pavilion, Cold Spring, The Sound of Du Fu and Sunset? At this point, the author can't help but exclaim: "The lonely pavilion is so cold, and the sunset is in the cuckoo sound."
The word "awesome" is a direct expression of feelings. The word "Guan" is accurate and vivid and has multiple meanings. First, it sets off the desolate and lonely environment, indicating that the author has almost cut off contact with the people here, so "the door is empty and has been closed for a long time"; The second is to avoid the "cold spring" of xiren and stay indoors; The third is to try not to let the cuckoo cry into the eardrum; The fourth is to try to stop the sunset. "The cuckoo sound" and "the sunset" are objective things that cause homesickness in ancient poetry. Yellow Crane Tower in Cui Hao: "But I looked home, and the twilight was getting thicker? There is a sad mist on the river waves. Because the cuckoo's cry seems to say, "It's better to go home!" Therefore, there is a saying in Zhang Yan's "High Balcony": "Don't open the curtain, lest you see flying flowers and listen to crows." It is precisely because of this that the author has the emotion of shutting out everything he sees and hears. This is a resentment that is unbearable.
The next movie is about dissatisfaction with being demoted. "Mei Yiqi dialect" is an extension of the word "Guan". What about the "closed" in the "Lonely Museum"? Generally speaking, using gifts and messages such as "plum blossom" and "inch element" seems to comfort the hearts of guests who have left their hometown a little. However, contrary to expectations, all this has aggravated loneliness and resentment. "There is no repetition at the root" is the strongest sound from the author's heart. The word "masonry" is novel, vivid and powerful. With the word "build by laying bricks or stones", letters and bunches of plum blossoms seem to become bricks, which are built up layer by layer and even developed to the limit of "no multiple" The author's heavy mood can be imagined.
So, what is the content of the word "hate"? The author did not say it directly. This is the euphemism and implication of Qin Guan's ci. However, from the positive description and side contrast of the word, from the deep intention of the upper and lower films, we can still understand the author's intention. "Chen Qiang is lucky enough to go around Chen Shan and go to Xiaoxiang for whom" is an epigram that expresses emotions on the spot. On the surface, these two sentences seem to be about homesickness in the distance, but in fact they show a kind of homesickness.
In fact, Chen Jiang's departure from Chen Shan is not simply a metaphor for the differences between people, but related to the political misfortune of Qin Guan. These two sentences have profound meanings. That is, according to the author's wishes, he should have done something beneficial to the country in the imperial court, just like "Chen He" turned around "Chen Shan". However, now I don't know why I was exiled to this remote place. Just like the "Chen River" in front of me, I left the "Chen Shan" which hovered day and night and ran to Xiaoxiang.
According to the last two sentences of the word "Po Weng loves" in Song Huihong's Cold Zhai Night Talk, he wrote in a mystery:' It's enough to swim less! How to redeem ten thousand people?' "Su Wu not only appreciates Qin Guan's talent, but also understands Qin Guan's character and sympathizes with his misfortune. The reason why Qin Guan was demoted was also implicated by Su Shi. Therefore, the sigh of "Who is Xiaoxiang going for?" not only comes from Qin Guan's heart, but also tells the deep affection of Su Shi (including intellectuals with the same fate as Su Shi), which aroused his strong voice. This is the fundamental reason for Su Shi's great appreciation.
This article is full of emotion, full of scenes, refined and novel language, and implicit style, reaching a high artistic level, so it is praised by future generations. But in addition, the symmetry of the structure and the precision of the idea seem to be worth mentioning. The words, sentences, levels and rhythms of the upper and lower parts of this word are completely equivalent, and the next part is actually a duet of the previous one. Because the upper and lower pieces are completely symmetrical, we might as well regard this word as a couplet except for the level tone and rhyme. From this, we can also find the artistic originality of this word in conception.
The first film (the first film) is clustered in concept. The author regards himself as an independent small unit, surrounded by dense fog, and lonely in the "lonely palace". The second film (the second film) is open-ended. Through the detailed description of the imaginary (such as This Hate and Xiaoxiang) and the real (such as Plum Blossom, Ruler, Chen Jiang and Chen Shan), the author spreads the wings of the author's imagination and closes himself in the lonely hall. The upper part and the lower part are in sharp contrast. This is the reason why this word is chewy, which should be one of the most remarkable artistic features of this word.