1809, Nikolai Nikolai Gogol was born in Suluo Qingcai Town, Milgrad County, Poltava Province. When I was a child, Nikolai Nikolai Gogol was interested in drama. Nikolai Nikolai Gogol regarded literature as a noble cause to serve mankind since he was a child. He has been trying to write for it, but all failed. 1In the spring of 830, The Chronicle of the Motherland magazine officially published his novella the night before St. John's Day. In May of the same year, he met Pushkin, whom he had admired for a long time, and forged a profound friendship. This laid the initial foundation for Nicholas Nikolai Gogol to enter the literary world. From 183 1 to 1832, Nicola Nikolai Gogol published the first and second novels of Dikangka's Rural Nighttalk, which brought him great fame. The series of novels "Swamp" and "Essays" published by 1835 have taken a new step in creation, marking the transition and leap of Nikolai Nikolai Gogol from romanticism to realism.
1842 In May, the novel Dead Soul was officially published. 1852, Nikolai Nikolai Gogol burned the manuscript of the second volume of Dead Soul and died soon after.
Character experience
1 April 1 day, Nikolai Nikolai Gogol was born in Boltava, Ukraine. He loved Ukrainian folk songs, legends and folk dramas since childhood. 182 1~ 1828 During my study in Nieren Senior Science Middle School in Poltava Province, I read extensively and actively participated in the school's literary activities. He once played the leading role and other roles in Feng Weixin's satirical comedy dude, which was very successful (he later wrote satirical comedy). In this middle school, he was influenced by some The Decemberists poets and Alexander Pushkin's poems (which prompted him to want to be a poet at the beginning of his creation), and was also deeply influenced by the works of French enlightenment writers. All these laid the foundation for his later creation. Rural life is an important material for his creation, which prompted him to write works related to the countryside, such as Dikangka's Rural Nighttalk, Carriage, Dead Soul and so on.
1828, Nikolai Nikolai Gogol graduated from high school and went to Petersburg, hoping to get an official position in the judicial field. He also brought the manuscript of the pastoral poem Hans Kucher Jia Jian (long poem), which is his first work.
From 1829 to 183 1 year, I worked in St. Petersburg State-owned Property and Public Real Estate Bureau and Land Administration Bureau, and personally enjoyed the poor life of small staff. I also went to the Academy of Fine Arts to study painting. Later, in novellas such as Neva Street and Portrait, he wrote tragic stories or legendary stories of painters.
1829 published the long poem Hans Kucher Jia Jian under his real name. This long poem brought him into the Russian literary world, but it didn't get much attention. He soon realized that poetry writing was not his strong suit, so he turned to novels and comedies. /kloc-in 0/830, he published this novel under the pen name "гол" (half surname) on the night before St. John's Day, which won the appreciation of the poet Vasily Zhukovskiy and became close friends.
183 1 September, 2008, published a short story "Dikangka Night in the Country". At the same time, a collection of short stories named after the title of this work was published, which was well received by Pushkin and belinsky, who declared that Russian literature had entered the period of Nikolai Nikolai Gogol. This year, he met Pushkin, who became his friend and provided him with many creative materials. 1834 Entered St. Petersburg University as an associate professor, teaching history. Ivan turgeneve is one of his students.
/kloc-in the spring of 0/835, Nikolai Nikolai Gogol published the comedy scripts "Vladimir's Third Command" and "Marriage", and has been obsessed with comedy creation ever since. Marriage is the masterpiece of his early comedies, which preaches the freedom of marriage and love. In the same year, two collections of short stories were published: The Story of Petersburg (петербургскиеове). The story of Petersburg consists of Neva Street, nose, portrait, coat, diary of a madman, carriage and Rome. Milgrad contains short stories such as The Old Landlord, Taras Bulimba and The Story of Two Ivan's Quarrel. In the same year, based on the material inspired by Pushkin, he began to conceive the novel "Dead Soul" and left St. Petersburg University to specialize in writing.
From 65438 to 0836, according to the absurd story provided by Pushkin, Nikolai Nikolai Gogol created five comedies "An Imperial Envoy" in two months. In the process of creation, he has a clearer and deeper understanding of the social mission of drama. In the same year, his book "An Imperial Envoy" was published. At the same time, the comedy premiered, starring Mikhail Semenovich Shepkin. An Imperial Envoy has caused a lot of discussion. Most of the audience laughed at the movie, because it was no longer a farce written for entertainment. Even Nicholas I smiled at the movie. He was "laughing to death". However, the "imperial envoys" also attracted the criticism of many imperial scholars. However, the publication and performance of "An Imperial Envoy" quickly aroused the dissatisfaction of the Russian authorities.
1in June, 836, Nikolai Nikolai Gogol left Russia to travel abroad and began to live abroad for six years. In the first year, he came to Rome 1837 65438+1On October 29th, his good friend Pushkin died in a conspiracy. After that, Nicola Nikolai Gogol lived in Italy and Germany for nearly five years, during which he wrote most of the contents of The Dead.
184 1 In September, Nikolai Nikolai Gogol returned to Russia with the manuscript of Dead Soul. When he sent the revised manuscript to the Moscow book censorship agency for examination, it was immediately rejected. So he trusted belinsky to enter through the back door, which made the book pass the exam in Petersburg.
1842 added imperial envoys, which strengthened its irony. It was also in this year that the first volume of Dead Soul was published, which caused a greater sensation than the Imperial Envoy.
In the next few years, Nikolai Nikolai Gogol spent all his time in controversy, disease and poverty, and he gradually lost his creativity. 1June, 845, he burned the first published manuscript of Dead Soul and continued to rewrite it.
From 65438 to 0847, Nikolai Nikolai Gogol became addicted to Orthodox fanaticism and suffered from depression. He published Selected Letters with Friends, which mainly corresponded with dignitaries and ladies.
1848, Nikolai Nikolai Gogol made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem. When he came back, the priest Matthews Konstantinovski thought his works were evil in the eyes of God and asked him to burn the manuscript of the second volume of Dead Soul.
1852 In February, he had a premonition that he was dying, so he told his friend Count Tolstoy about the funeral (Nicola Nikolai Gogol was living in his home in Moscow at that time) and asked him to take the manuscript away and give it to Archbishop Ferrarette after his death, but Count Tolstoy didn't take it away. On February 24th, he burned the manuscript of the second volume of Dead Soul, which was almost finished, and refused to eat. He died in Moscow on March 4th, 852/KLOC-0. The second volume that people saw was edited by his publisher Chevelev according to his manuscript.
Personal life
domestic
Nikolai Nikolai Gogol's ancestor was a little Ukrainian aristocrat of Polish descent. His father Vasily Afanasi, Nikolai Nikolai Gogol Ianovschi (василийаанасьевич). All these left a deep impression on Nikolai Nikolai Gogol in his early years, and stimulated his interest in drama and even literature.
His mother's name is Maria Ivanovna Nikolai Nikolai Gogol Janovska (марияивановннао).
love
Alexandra Smirnova rossetter is the only open-minded friend of the opposite sex in Nicola Nikolai Gogol's life, and she is also the woman that Nicola Nikolai Gogol really likes. After marriage, she was not happy. She only confided her thoughts to Nikolai Nikolai Gogol. They maintain a rare heterosexual relationship-love-friendship relationship.