Dai wangshu
Holding an oil-paper umbrella alone
Wandering in the long, long
Lonely rain lane,
I hope to see
Like cloves.
A girl with a grudge.
She does.
Clove-like color,
Lilac-like fragrance,
Sad as cloves,
Mourning in the rain,
Sadness and hesitation;
She wandered in the lonely rain lane,
Hold an oil-paper umbrella
Like me,
Like me.
Quietly hesitate
Cold, sadness and melancholy.
She approached quietly,
Get close and throw again.
Breathing eyes
She floated by.
Like a dream,
As sad and confused as a dream.
Floating like a dream
A lilac field,
I passed this girl by;
She went away silently, far away,
A crumbling fence,
Walk through this rainy path.
In the lamentation of the rain,
Remove her color,
Spread her fragrance,
Disappeared, even hers
Breathing eyes
Lilac is melancholy.
Holding an oil-paper umbrella alone
Wandering in the long, long
Lonely rain lane,
I hope to float over.
Like cloves.
A girl with a grudge.
Writing background
Rain Lane is Dai Wangshu's famous work and early masterpiece, so he got the nickname "Rain Lane Poet". This poem was written in the summer of 1927. At that time, the whole country was in a state of white terror Because Dai Wangshu participated in progressive activities, he had to take refuge in a friend's house in Songjiang, chewing the disillusionment and pain after the failure of the Great Revolution in loneliness, and his heart was always full of lost emotions and hazy hopes. The poem "Rain Lane" is an expression of his state of mind, which is intertwined with the dual emotional appeal of disappointment and hope, disillusionment and pursuit. This feeling was common at that time. Rain Lane adopts symbolic lyrical techniques. The narrow and gloomy rain lane in the poem, the lonely traveler wandering in the rain lane, and the girl as sad as lilac are all symbolic images. These images constitute a symbolic artistic conception, which implicitly implies the author's confusion, sadness and expectation, giving people a hazy and profound aesthetic feeling. Musicality is another outstanding artistic feature of Rain Lane. In the poem, repetition of sounds, repetition of sentences, repetition of singing and other techniques are used, resulting in the cycle of melody and pleasant sense of music. Therefore, Mr. Ye Shengtao praised this poem for opening a "new era" for the syllables of China's new poems.
In Rain Lane, the poet created a girl with a lilac knot. Although this is inspired by some works in ancient poetry. It is a traditional expression in ancient Chinese poetry to use lilac knots, that is, lilac buds, to symbolize people's worries. For example, there is a poem in Li Shangyin's "Gifts for Generations" that says "bananas don't show lilac knots, but they are worried about the spring breeze in the same direction". In the Southern Tang Dynasty, Li Jing tied a lilac knot with me in the rain. He has a song "Huanxisha"
Roll up pearls to make curtains and hang hooks. In the tall building, I look like before, and my depression is still locked. Who is the Lord in the wind? Take it easy!
The messenger didn't bring news to the pedestrians far away. The lilacs in the rain reminded me of sadness. I looked back at the Three Gorges at dusk and saw the river falling from the sky.
In this poem, the lilac knot in the rain is used as a symbol of people's sadness. Obviously, Dai Wangshu absorbed the artistic conception and methods of describing sadness from these poems and applied them to form the artistic conception and image of Rain Lane. This kind of absorption and reference is obvious, but can we say that the artistic conception and image of Rain Lane are the expansion and desalination of the modern vernacular version of the old poem "Lilacs are sad in the rain"? I don't think so. When the poet conceived the artistic conception and image of the rain lane, he not only absorbed the juice of his predecessors, but also created his own. First, the ancients used the lilac knot itself as a symbol of sadness in their poems, while Yuxiang imagined a girl who was as sad as lilac. She has the image of lilacs disappearing in an instant, which is different from the old classical poems and other works created by the poet in his early days. She is full of the tone of the old poems and shows more flavor of the new era. "Lilacs in the rain bear sorrow" can arouse people's hope and disillusionment more than "girls who are as sad as lilacs", and this image is a rare creation in the field of expressing the sorrow of the times. Secondly, in ancient poetry, the lilac knot in the rain is based on the real life scene to pin the poet's feelings. The poet added his imagination to his life experience. It is the product of artistic imagination, more beautiful than life.
Make an appreciative comment
A good lyric poem should be the crystallization of artistic beauty. It will transcend the limitation of time and space and arouse people's aesthetic feelings.
However, for many years, Dai Wangshu's poems such as Rain Lane have been regarded as the moans of symbolism and modernism, and have been excluded from the vision of literary history. Only recently did people dig these works out of the forgotten dust like unearthed cultural relics and see their artistic brilliance again.
Dai Wangshu left us only more than 90 lyric short poems on the bumpy and tortuous creative road for more than 20 years. Rain Lane is one of his early famous works.
Rain Lane was written in the summer of 1927. First published in Novel Monthly, Volume 19, No.8, published in August, 1928. Du Heng, a close friend of Dai Wangshu, wrote in 1933:
Speaking of rain alley, it is difficult for us to give Mr. Ye Shengtao the bottom prize. Almost a year after Rain Lane was written, Mr. Ye Shengtao was editing Novel Monthly when Wang Shucai suddenly posted it. As soon as Mr. Shengtao saw this poem, he sent a letter praising him for opening a new horizon for the syllables of the new poem. ..... strongly recommended by Mr. Shengtao, Wang Shu got the title of "Rain Lane" poet until now. ("Preface to Wang Shucao")
Rain Lane creates a lyrical artistic conception with strong symbolic color. Here, the poet metaphorically described the dark and dreary social reality at that time as a narrow and lonely "rain lane". There is no sound, no joy, no sunshine here. The poet himself is such a lonely person wandering in the rain lane. He has hopeless hopes in loneliness. I hope there is a beautiful ideal in front of me. The "lilac-like" girl described by the poet is a symbol of this beautiful ideal. However, the poet knows that this beautiful ideal is difficult to realize. She is as full of sadness and melancholy as herself, fleeting and drifting away like a dream. What is left is only the poet himself who is still wandering in the dark reality, and the hope that the dream that cannot be realized generally floats away!
Some critics say that in Rain Lane, the poet used beautiful imagination to cover up the ugly truth and self-liberation, and "deceived himself and readers with some gorgeous fantasies like soap bubbles". There is no "merit in content" except the artistic beauty of harmonious melody. (Fanny: On Dai Wangshu's Poems, Literature Review1980,4), these questions and comments are too simple and harsh for Yu Xiang in Mandarin.
The summer of 1927 produced by Rain Lane was the darkest time in the history of China. The reactionaries slaughtered the revolutionaries, which caused the white terror that enveloped the whole country. Young people who enthusiastically responded to the revolution suddenly fell from the climax of the fire into the abyss of the night. Some of them can't find the future of revolution. They are lost in pain, they long for new hope in disappointment, and they expect beautiful rainbows floating in the haze. Rain Lane reflects the mentality of some progressive young people. Dai Wangshu was only twenty-one or twenty-two years old when he wrote this poem. More than a year ago, he engaged in revolutionary literary activities with his classmates Du Heng, Shi Zhecun and Liu Naou, joined the * * * Youth League, and devoted himself to the party's propaganda work with his passionate pen. 1927 In March, he was arrested and detained by the reactionary authorities for propagating the revolution. After the "April 12th" coup, he lived in seclusion in Songjiang, Jiangsu Province, chewing "China people's distress in this era" in loneliness. (Preface to Wang Shucao) His poems such as Rain Lane at this time are naturally full of feelings of hesitation, disappointment, sadness and pain. This feeling of hesitation and sadness can't be said to be a pure personal lament, but a projection of the darkness of reality and the disillusionment of ideals in the poet's heart. Rain Lane reproduces the typical voices in the hearts of these young people with short lyrical singing. Here we really can't hear the description of real suffering, and we can't hear the cry against the darkness. This is a deep confession, a confession of disappointment. However, from this kind of reflection and introspection, can't we clearly see the pain and pursuit of some young people after their disillusionment? The pain of losing good hope flows in the poem. Even the young people at that time were not so easily deceived. People don't want to wander in the rain lane forever after watching Rain Lane. People hate this rainy lane and are eager to get out of it and go to a wide and bright place without rain and sorrow.
An important artistic feature of Rain Lane is the use of symbolism to express emotions. Symbolism is an art school that rose in French poetry at the end of19th century. Their decadence at the end of the world is a rebellion against the capitalist order. In the way of expression, it emphasizes the use of implicit metaphor and other means to express the inner feelings. This school of art was introduced into China at the ebb of the May 4th Movement. Li Jinfa, the first poem that used a lot of symbolism to write poems. Dai Wangshu's early works were also obviously influenced by French symbolism. An important feature of his creation is that he pays attention to the ability of excavating implied metaphors in poetry and expresses his feelings with symbolic images and artistic conception. Rain Lane embodies this artistic feature. The poet in the poem holds an oil-paper umbrella, and the dream generally floats through the lonely and long rain lane of a girl with lilacs, which is not a concrete portrayal of real life itself, but a symbolic lyric image. We may not be able to describe all the contents of these images in detail, but we can appreciate the vague poetry expressed by these images. The atmosphere of social reality, the lonely and wandering mood, and the hope that cannot be pursued twice are both clear and hazy in the image described in Rain Lane, and will certainly be presented to readers in an erratic way. Imagination creates symbols, and symbols expand imagination. As the result of expressing emotions by symbolic means, the poet's emotional state of mind is more subtle and subtle, which also leaves a broad world for reading and imagination, and feels the fragrance and aftertaste of the poem. Mr. Zhu Ziqing said: "Dai Wangshu's family also adopted the symbolism of law. He translated the poems of this school. He also pays attention to the neatness of syllables, but it is not sonorous but light and clear; It is also a bit embarrassing, but it is understandable. " "He wants to grasp the delicate place." (Introduction to China's New Literature Series, Poems) Rain Lane is hazy but not obscure, low but not decadent, affectionate but not frivolous, which truly grasps the subtlety of symbolism poetry art.
Dai Wangshu's great poetry creation is also deeply influenced by the artistic nutrition of classical poetry. In Rain Lane, the poet created a symbolic lyrical girl image. This is obviously inspired by some works in an ancient poem. It is a traditional expression in ancient Chinese poetry to use lilac knots, that is, lilac buds, to symbolize people's worries. For example, there is a poem in Li Shangyin's "Gifts for Generations" that says "bananas don't show lilac knots, but they are worried about the spring breeze in the same direction". Li Jing in the Southern Tang Dynasty even associated lilac knots with melancholy in the rain. His "Huanxisha":
Roll up pearls to make curtains and hang hooks. In the tall building, I look like before, and my depression is still locked. The fallen flower in the wind is so haggard, who is its owner? Think long term!
The messenger didn't bring news to the pedestrians far away. The lilacs in the rain reminded me of sadness. I looked back at the Three Gorges at dusk and saw the river falling from the sky.
In this poem, the lilac knot in the rain is used as a symbol of people's sadness. Obviously, Dai Wangshu absorbed the artistic conception and methods of describing sadness from these poems and applied them to form the artistic conception and imagination of Rain Lane. This kind of absorption and reference to poetry is obvious. However, can we say that the artistic conception and image of the rainy lane are the expansion and dilution of the famous Tang poem "Lilacs are sad in the rain" in the modern vernacular version? I thought I couldn't see it that way. When the poet conceived the artistic conception and image of Rain Lane, he not only absorbed the juice of his predecessors, but also created his own.
First, the ancients used the lilac knot itself as a symbol of sadness in poetry. Imagine a girl as sad as a lilac in a rainy lane. She has lilac-like sadness and lilac-like beauty and fragrance. In this way, it changed from a simple metaphor of sadness to an embodiment of a beautiful ideal with sadness. This new image contains the author's pursuit of beauty. It contains the pain of disillusionment of the author's beautiful ideal.
Secondly, the poet used vivid modern language in Rain Lane to describe the image of a Dingxi girl who died suddenly in the rain, which is full of old poetic meaning with the old classical poems and other works created by the poet in his early days, showing more new era breath. "Lilacs are sad in the rain", and nothing can arouse people's hope and disillusionment more than "girls as sad as lilacs". This image is a difficult creation in the field of expressing the sorrow of the times.
Thirdly, in ancient poems, the lilac knot in the rain entrusted the poet's feelings about real life scenes. The lilac-like girl image floating in the rain in Rain Lane brings more elements of the poet's imagination. It is not only a possible scene in life, but also the crystallization of the writer's artistic imagination, and an artistic real image produced by the combination of truth and imagination. Dai Wangshu said: "Poetry comes from reality through imagination, not only from reality, but also from imagination." We say that the artistic conception image of Rain Lane is a reference and transcendence of classical poetry, mainly because it was created by the poet according to his own life experience and imagination. It is the product of artistic imagination, more beautiful than life.
Rain Lane was first praised by people, and an important aspect is its beautiful syllables. Ye Shengtao praised this poem as "opening a new era for the syllables of new poetry". Although he was somewhat praised, he saw the beautiful syllables of this poem for the first time and had to say that it was very insightful. Rain Lane consists of seven poems. The first section and the last section are exactly the same except that "meet" is changed to "float". In this way, the ending is repeated, and the same theme appears repeatedly in the poem, which strengthens the musical sense of the whole poem and also increases the expressive force of the poet's hesitation and disillusionment. There are six lines in each section of the poem, and the number of words in each line is different and uneven, but some of them generally rhyme repeatedly in lines not far apart. Bet two or three times per quarter, and there is no rhyme change from beginning to end. The whole poem is very short, and some short sentences also cut off the connection between words. However, some of the same words appear many times in rhyme, such as "Rain Lane", "Girl", "Fragrance", "Melancholy" and "Longing", which intentionally make a sound repeat in people's hearing. This creates a resounding melody and a smooth rhythm. It reads like a gentle and considerate serenade. A lonely and painful recitation melody echoed repeatedly in the whole song, haunting people.
In order to strengthen the musicality of the whole poem, the poet also absorbed some skills from foreign poems and made the same words meet alternately in the same poem. The repetition and repetition of this language, like the repetition of intertwined lyric phrases, sounds pleasant and harmonious, adding more lyrical color to the poem. When romantic free poetry and "crescent school" tofu dry wind prevailed, Dai Wangshu published "Beautiful Rain Lane", which opened up a new world of musical expression of new poetry.
Dai Wangshu's pursuit of the musicality of new poetry reached its peak and end in Rain Lane. From then on, he began to "courageously resist what he called' the musical composition at the end of poetry'" and (Du) to pursue the inner emotional rhythm of poetry. His other famous poem My Memory is a new milestone in this pursuit. This change of Dai Wangshu reflects his new aesthetic viewpoint and artistic pursuit, but it cannot be denied that Rain Lane is an attempt at the musical beauty of new poetry. Preference is the companion of art appreciation. This poem "Rain Lane" is a shining pearl in the new poem, and it is worth reading!
Rain Lane is Dai Wangshu's famous work and early masterpiece, so he got the nickname "Rain Lane Poet". This poem was written in the summer of 1927. At that time, the whole country was in a state of white terror Because Dai Wangshu participated in progressive activities, he had to take refuge in a friend's house in Songjiang, chewing the disillusionment and pain after the failure of the Great Revolution in loneliness, and his heart was full of lost emotions and hazy hopes. The poem "Rain Lane" is an expression of his state of mind, which is intertwined with the dual emotional appeal of disappointment and hope, disillusionment and pursuit. This feeling was common at that time. "Rain Lane" adopts symbolic lyrical techniques. The narrow and gloomy rain lane in the poem, the lonely traveler wandering in the rain lane, and the girl as sad as lilac are all symbolic images. These images constitute a symbolic artistic conception, which implicitly implies the author's confusion, sadness and expectation, giving people a hazy and profound aesthetic feeling. Musicality is another outstanding artistic feature of Rain Lane. In the poem, repetition of sounds, repetition of sentences, repetition of singing and other techniques are used, resulting in the cycle of melody and pleasant sense of music. Therefore, Mr. Ye Shengtao praised this poem for opening a "new era" for the syllables of China's new poems.
In Rain Lane, the poet created a girl with a lilac knot. Although this is inspired by some works in ancient poetry. It is a traditional expression in ancient Chinese poetry to use lilac knots, that is, lilac buds, to symbolize people's worries. For example, there is a poem in Li Shangyin's "Gifts for Generations" that says "bananas don't show lilac knots, but they are worried about the spring breeze in the same direction". In the Southern Tang Dynasty, Li Jing tied a lilac knot with me in the rain. He has a song "Huanxisha"
Roll up pearls to make curtains and hang hooks. In the tall building, I look like before, and my depression is still locked. Who is the Lord in the wind? Take it easy!
The messenger didn't bring news to the pedestrians far away. The lilacs in the rain reminded me of sadness. I looked back at the Three Gorges at dusk and saw the river falling from the sky.
In this poem, the lilac knot in the rain is used as a symbol of people's sadness. Obviously, Dai Wangshu absorbed the artistic conception and methods of describing sadness from these poems and applied them to form the artistic conception and image of Rain Lane. This kind of absorption and reference is obvious, but can we say that the artistic conception and image of Rain Lane are the expansion and desalination of the modern vernacular version of the old poem "Lilacs are sad in the rain"? I don't think so. When the poet conceived the artistic conception and image of the rain lane, he not only absorbed the juice of his predecessors, but also created his own. First, the ancients used the lilac knot itself as a symbol of sadness in their poems, while Yuxiang imagined a girl who was as sad as lilac. She has the image of lilacs disappearing in an instant, which is different from the old classical poems and other works created by the poet in his early days. She is full of the tone of the old poems and shows more flavor of the new era. "Lilacs in the rain bear sorrow" can arouse people's hope and disillusionment more than "girls who are as sad as lilacs", and this image is a rare creation in the field of expressing the sorrow of the times. Secondly, in ancient poetry, the lilac knot in the rain is based on the real life scene to pin the poet's feelings. The poet added his imagination to his life experience. It is the product of artistic imagination, more beautiful than life.