Han Tiao Huan Huan has a rich repertoire, with more than 200 tunes. People in Shaanxi like to watch Han Tiao Huan Huan in the theater. Its formation also has a long history, and it was very prosperous during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. . Han Dynasty Huanhuan has important value in our country's drama culture. The following Shaanxi culture brings you the unique Shaanxi opera and Han tunes. Let’s learn about it together.
Handiao Huanhuan, also known as Huanhuan opera, is a type of Bangzi opera that was introduced to the Hanzhong area from Guanzhong in the late Ming Dynasty and combined with local dialects and folk music. It is mainly popular in Hanzhong and Ankang in southern Shaanxi. , and has spread to northern Sichuan, Longdong, northern Hubei and other places.
The repertoire of Han opera Huanhuan is rich, with more than 700 traditional plays, including more than 560 original plays and more than 170 excerpts, including "Liu Gao Sharpens His Knife", "Bin" More than 100 kinds of plays such as "Iron Sword", "Sunset Mountain", "Shuiguan Jinyang", "Hongying Phi" and so on are unique to the Han Dynasty. "Emperor's Pearl", "Shadowless Sword", "Nan Ge" , "Cao Slope Noodles" and other plays have been lost or incomplete in other drama types.
The singing tune of Han Tiao Huan Huan is a variation of Ban Tune. It not only has the high-pitched and exciting beauty of Qin Tune, but also reflects the elegant and soft characteristics of local music in southern Shaanxi. "; Hua Lian is good at using the "strong sound", with a voice that is an octave high, and mostly sings in falsetto, with a long drawl at the end. He is known as the "young and old matchmaker". There are many types of singing styles, including second-rate, adagio, sharp-edged, and blocking, and can be divided into "soft", "hard", "fast" and "slow". "Soft" is the bitter sound that expresses sad emotions, "hard" is the joyful sound that expresses joyful emotions, "fast" is allegro, and "slow" is adagio. The accompaniment of the Huanhuan in the Han Dynasty is divided into Wen and Wuchang. The Wenchang used the two-stringed cover instrument as the main instrument, which was later changed to Banhu, and Jinghu, Haidi, Sanxian, etc. were also used to coordinate with it; the Wuchang used pointed drums, flat drums, etc. Drums, gongs, cymbals, clappers, teeth, wooden fish and other percussion instruments.
There are many unique techniques such as "changing clothes" and "catching fire", as well as many unique postures such as swords, guns, sticks, fists and kicks, and tumbling. Before the Republic of China, when performing Huanhuan in the Han Dynasty, both Sheng and Jing performed without boots and often wore straw sandals. Danjiao performed with powder on her face and flowers on her head. Although his costumes and makeup are simple, his singing skills are very particular. The locals are used to listening to the ten-mile major tune at night, and listen to the distant tune rather than the close tune, which is called "Yan Guoliang".
Since 2000, the number of Han opera audiences has been decreasing day by day, troupes and troupes have been disbanded, artists have been dispersed, and traditional repertoire, tunes, and performance skills have been or are about to be lost. By the end of 2006, only one theater troupe in Nanzheng County was still maintaining performances. It was still facing financial difficulties and a shortage of talents. It was difficult to persist for a long time. Practical measures must be taken to rescue and protect it.
1. Han Dynasty Huanhuan has a long history and is of great academic value for studying the origins and evolution patterns of Chinese operas.
2. Han Diao Huanhuan has important cultural value for the study of cultural exchanges, cultural changes, cultural integration and cultural characteristics, and popular aesthetics in the upper reaches of the Han River (Hanzhong is located at the junction of the north and the south of China). .
3. The traditional repertoire of Han opera and Huanhuan is rich and has important documentary value for the study of Chinese drama literature.
In ancient times, people developed the song and dance art of "hitting stones to pick up stones, and all the beasts to lead the dance" ("Book of Documents and Code of Yao") during production labor. In 1976, a bronze mask was unearthed in Sucun, Chenggu County, Hanzhong City, proving that as early as the Shang Dynasty, special props similar to the facial makeup of dramatic characters had been available. After the Western Zhou Dynasty, folk songs and dances developed extensively, and poetry and rap flourished accordingly. By the Han Dynasty, "Baixi" had appeared. In the gestation of Baixi, opera combines the elements of song, dance, poetry, and rap, and adds plot and story, forming a unique comprehensive art of opera. In the Tang Dynasty, the unprecedented prosperity of literature and art promoted the development of opera art and laid the foundation for the later dramas of the Song and Yuan Dynasties. It also gave birth to the formation and development of Shaanxi local operas, mainly Qin Opera. And the "Western Qin Opera" was formed in the old land of Western Qin (i.e., the Xifu area with Fengxiang as the center).
According to the "Overview of Opera Types in Shaanxi Province", "West Qin Opera" was introduced to Yangxian, Nanzheng and other places from 1465 to 1487 (Chenghua Period of Ming Dynasty) and 1506 to 1521 (Zhengde Period of Ming Dynasty). Based on the absorption of local spoken language, rap tunes and other folk music, it gradually evolved into a local tune. After continuous creation by artists, the singing tune has distinctive local characteristics, and the performance and accompaniment are also unique. The style formed the East Road Huanhuang centered on Yangxian and Chenggu and the West Road Huanhuang centered on Nanzheng and Hantai. After the founding of New China, it was renamed Han Diao Huanhuan.
In the long process of its own development, Hanzhong is adjacent to Sichuan and the waterway leads directly to Wuhan, Hubei Province. It also has continuous artistic exchanges with Sichuan Opera and Handiao Erhuang, resulting in the development of Handiao Huanhuan. Huan not only maintains the high-pitched and exciting characteristics of Qin Opera, but also incorporates the soft and graceful advantages of Sichuan Opera and Han Diao Erhuang, making its characteristics more prominent.