1, the family is a person who mainly works on the water and takes the boat as his home. People of the older generation in Beihai know that the appellation of "old man" and "old woman" refers to people who live at sea for a long time, take boats as their home and make a living by fishing. Many people don't know how to write this word, and they mistakenly think it is "egg guy" or "Deng guy". Note of Xinhua Dictionary: Yi people refer to the water residents in inland rivers and coastal areas in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian and other places. They used to take boats as their home and engaged in fishing and transportation. From the dictionary explanation and folk knowledge, we can see that the family is a person who mainly works on the water and takes the boat as his home.
Members of the Qi family in Waisha and Dijiao of Beihai generally agree that their ancestors came from Fujian. According to the introduction of the members of the Qi family of the older generation, due to the migration characteristics of berthing and camping when encountering the shore port, one day in the19th century, their ancestors found this quiet bay an ideal haven, so they set up a shed here to settle down. They have multiplied from generation to generation and formed the Qi. The Yi family living in Qiaogang Town is an overseas Chinese who fled the war and lived in Vietnam in history. Because 1978 Vietnam was excluded by China, the motherland let them settle in Qiaogang Town, a quiet harbor.
2. Academics believe that Tujia nationality is not an independent nation, but a general term for water residents. Because the customs and habits of the Yi people are different from those of the land residents, there are many legends about the Yi people: Guangdong Tongzhi records that the Yi people are Vietnamese adherents who resisted the rule of Qin Shihuang; Some people think that Yi people are descendants of Baiyue people in ancient times, or even another ethnic minority besides 56 ethnic groups. There is another saying that is even more legendary-"At the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Lu Xun, the leader of the peasant uprising, went to Hainan. After his failure, his men dispersed, and some people drifted by boat to become boatmen, engaged in fishing, ferry and other occupations. The rulers made three laws for them: they were not allowed to live on shore, they were not allowed to read and write, and they were not allowed to marry people on shore. For more than a thousand years, this discipline has continued, and houses and boats have gradually evolved into a special class-Yi family. " At present, there is basically a * * understanding of Tujia in academic circles: Tujia is not an independent nation, but a collective name of the water residents in coastal areas of Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian, and it is a unique nation of Han nationality. Yi people, like Hakkas, are drifting, migrating and escaping from the world. The difference is that Hakka people hide in the deep forests, while Yi people hide in the sea of Wang Yang. Hakka is a huge ethnic group, struggling with heavy burdens, while Yi people are indifferent, relaxed and aware of their own destiny. Just because they live by water, drift by sea and thrive, their families become "water gypsies".
3. Family culture is a professional culture formed in production and life. Tujia people in Beihai have formed their own unique customs and local culture in their long-term production and life. The common cultural activity is singing salty songs, and the most distinctive one is Tujia marriage customs. The Song of Salty Water is a ditty that Yi families hum at will in their daily life, praising the love between men and women and lamenting the hardships of life. So far, there are two series of salty songs, one is the tune of Tan Jiamei Zi, which the bride cried and sang a few days before her marriage when she was separated from her parents, and the other is the series of Best Man, which the groom was educated at home. Playing with your daughter-in-law in the process of marriage is also unique in the sea. After the marriage, the mother-in-law's family tugged at the boat cable to keep the bride, tug-of-war with the ferryman in a small boat, rowing the dragon boat in the opposite direction on the same boat, and the ferryman's "rowing boat" rocked the boat from side to side ... These "noisy bridal chamber" types of plays made the bride and groom arrested. Throughout these cultures, salty water songs are actually labor songs of sea labor, and tunes such as Sister and South Best Man in Yi marriage customs are a kind of lyric that thrives on the sea. Playing with daughter-in-law also plays a demonstration role in educating Yi children to be competent for sea labor. Interesting Tujia culture is actually a professional culture formed in production and life.
Secondly, the Tujia culture in Beihai is integrated and infiltrated with the land customs and culture.
1, Yi family members go ashore, go to school and integrate into social development. Because the social environment in history is more terrible than the natural environment, Yi Jia feels that living on a boat is safer than living on land. He would rather be an enemy of heaven and earth than an enemy of dignitaries. Nowadays, with the progress of society, life on land is more convenient and comfortable. In addition, I hope my children are more promising than themselves. Therefore, modern families no longer take the ship as their home, and the ship has resumed its original offshore operation function. In addition, marine resources have been exhausted day by day, and there is no need to rely entirely on the ocean for a living. They can also enter a well-off life by working, doing business or engaging in other occupations. Therefore, modern family members go ashore to settle down, go to school to receive education, and get closer to and integrate into social development.
2. Yi families gradually stopped singing salty songs and crying for marriage. Because the foreign festival culture is impacting the traditional festival culture in China, coupled with the strong popularity of pop songs, even some cultural forms with relatively complete theoretical basis, practical experience and audience groups, such as Beijing Opera and Cantonese Opera, have begun to decline. Saltwater songs, which have no representative works and no special person to study, are gradually declining. Coupled with the popularity of modern communication tools, it is not difficult for Yi family members to meet and talk, and crying marriage is just a ritual and etiquette to go through the motions and express their feelings. The traditional Yi family culture is gradually being diluted.
3. Fresh seafood, fine wine and everyday language of Yi people have entered the homes of thousands of Beihai citizens. The fish of family members can be picked at will, and the caught fish can be put into the pot immediately, which is extremely fresh. In their words, "nothing is too low to be fresh (freshness is the best in the world)". Beihai people live by the sea, eat seafood, toss and turn into the sea, and live the seafood life of their families every day. The customs and culture of the Yi people have also influenced thousands of Beihai residents. Everyone in Beihai knows that the wine brewed by aristocratic families has the function of strengthening yang and expelling wind and dampness. Family members are afraid of "capsizing", so they all avoid the word "capsizing". So when eating a big fish, they say "turn the fish upside down", not "turn the fish upside down" after eating it. So many Beihai residents have learned to "follow the fish" because they don't have to take a boat, but they don't want to get on or roll over, do they?