During the Yuan Dynasty, the prosperity of poetry was relatively low, and the creation of Sanqu was relatively prosperous. This is because in the Yuan Dynasty, zaju and Sanqu were more suitable for the social environment and cultural needs at that time.
In the Yuan Dynasty, due to the rise of zaju, poetry creation gradually lost its former status. Zaju is a comprehensive art form, which combines poetry, music, dance, drama and other elements, and can better express the complexity and richness of society at that time.
Sanqu is a new form of poetry, based on vernacular Chinese, with free form, which can better express the poet's feelings and sentiments about real life.
Generally speaking, the prosperity of zaju Sanqu in Yuan Dynasty is closely related to the social background, cultural atmosphere and the development of artistic forms at that time. There are several reasons for the prosperity of Sanqu in Yuan Dynasty:
1. Social background: During the Yuan Dynasty, social unrest and political instability made the status of literati gradually decline. At the same time, commercial prosperity and urban development brought about the rise of civic culture, which provided a broad social foundation for the spread and popularization of Sanqu.
2. The development of language and music: During the Yuan Dynasty, the development of language and music provided more possibilities for the creation of Sanqu. The northern minority music was introduced into the Central Plains and merged with the Han music, which provided new musical elements and expression techniques for Sanqu creation.
3. The rise of popular literature: During the Yuan Dynasty, the rise of popular literature provided a broader stage for Sanqu creation. Sanqu, as a popular literary form, can not only meet the cultural needs of citizens, but also express the feelings of literati and their feelings about real life.
Characteristics of Sanqu
1, the form is free and lively: Sanqu's sentence patterns are different in length and relatively free, unlike words, which are strictly restricted by meter. The rhyme of Sanqu is also flexible, which can be used to express the beauty of rhyme.
2. The language is popular and vivid: Sanqu uses a lot of spoken language and vernacular, which is lively, easy to understand, expressive and infectious.
3. Rich in content and emotion: Sanqu has a wide range of themes and rich emotions, reflecting all aspects of social life and strong artistic expression.
4. Various and rich forms: Sanqu includes different forms such as poetry, divertimento and lead singer, and each form has different expressive techniques and artistic characteristics.
5, unique artistic style: Sanqu has a unique artistic style, or fresh and refined, or humorous, or sentimental, with high aesthetic value.