"Qian Chibi Fu" was written in July of the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1082). At this time, Su Shi had lived in Huangzhou for nearly four years. It is inevitable that the author was killed innocently and demoted for a long time. However, he was able to handle it calmly, humbly seeking spiritual liberation, and was not overwhelmed by the suppression of world-weariness He said to himself in this essay.
Fu mainly describes the author's feeling of boating in Chibi on a moonlit night. From boating to sleeping on a pillow, he puts forward and solves contradictions in the form of dialogue between subject and object, profoundly revealing the author's hidden worries and showing his broad-minded attitude towards life. The sadness of the "guest" in the article is caused by three feelings: first, the mountains and rivers around Chibi triggered his thinking about heroes in history. What kind of heroes were they then? Are they safe now? Besides, our fishing and firewood are above Zhu Jiang! Second, the thought that life is a drop in the ocean for an instant. Third, we should get rid of the real situation and long for "wandering immortals and flying immortals, holding the bright moon for a long time", but "it is impossible to suddenly realize". The sad reason for writing "The Guest" is actually preparing to write the enlightening words of perilla. The words in the perilla text are aimed at the feelings of "guests" But from the unchanging point of view, it is that heaven and earth are born with me, and everything is one with me, endless. Besides, everything in the world has its own owner. "If it's not mine, I won't take it." In this way, the gain and loss of honor and disgrace, joys and sorrows in the world are not enough. Finally, he pointed out the way out for the "guests": to seek spiritual sustenance in nature. Obviously, both the guest and Su Afu have a reasonable and positive side, but it also contains the negative factors of being content with the status quo and conforming to nature in Buddhism and Taoism. Therefore, the words of this "guest" really reflect the author's inner pain, so when he sent his handwritten poem "Qian Chibi Fu" to his friend Qin, he specially wrote to tell him: "It is difficult to be afraid of things. If Qin loves me, it will be hidden."
Fu has three meanings, one is to write about the joy of night outing, the other is to write about the sadness, and the third is to write about the enlightenment because of sadness. Emotional twists and turns are deep at different levels. The style of writing is ups and downs, the mountains and rivers are full, the emotions are sad and happy, the reason is suitable, and the sound of vuvuzela is mixed, and the ancient things are long. The beauty of writing is that it is inseparable from the prospect, but it is full of discussion. Create a wonderful mythical realm, use scenery to explain truth and emotion, and make Fu full of poetry and philosophy. The author writes Fu in a fresh prose style, using parallel prose, couplets, rhymes and more casual sentences. This kind of fu is called Wen Fu. In addition to the traditional question-and-answer form, Qian Chi Bi Fu has arbitrary sentence length.
What is the worry in Su Shi's Qian Chibi Fu? In the second paragraph, the writer's drinking and singing joy and the guest's sad flute sound. The author is extremely happy to drink and sing to express his disappointment and frustration in thinking about "beauty". The "beauty" mentioned here is actually the embodiment of the author's ideal and all the beautiful things. The song says: "Gui Gui is like a blue paddle, striking the sky and tracing the streamer. I am pregnant, and I hope that beauty is on one side. " This lyric all adopts the meaning of "Songs of the South, Less Thinking": "Look forward to a beautiful future and sing a magnificent song in the breeze", which embodies the content of "reciting the poem of the bright moon and singing a graceful chapter" above. I can't see it because I want to be beautiful. I have expressed my frustration and sadness. In addition, the guest plays the flute in harmony with its singing. The flute sounded sad and angry. "If the resentment is fascinating, it will be like crying and complaining, and the sound will continue." It attracted the dragons hidden in the ravine to dance and made the widows in the lonely boat cry. One of Dong Xiao's songs is sad and tactful, and its sad tone is touching, which makes the author's feelings change suddenly, from joy to sadness, and the article is also ups and downs.
In the third paragraph, write the guest's sigh about the impermanence of life. This part is endowed with historical sites, not the natural scenery of Chibi. The host asked "what is nature", and the guests answered with the monuments of Chibi, and the arts and sciences turned to nature. But this article is not about Chen Qi, but uses two questions. First of all, based on Cao Cao's Short Songs, I asked, "Isn't this a poem by Cao Mengde?" He is also better than the mountains and rivers in front of him and asks, "Isn't this because Meng Dezhi is trapped in Zhou Lang?" Two questions made the article sensational again. Then, it tells the story of Cao Cao breaking Jingzhou and forcing Liu Cong to surrender. At that time, the mighty Cao Jun descended from Jiangling along the river, with warships connected by thousands of miles and banners covering the sky. Cao is full of pride and arrogance, drinking and writing poems on the river at the bow, which can be described as "a hero in the world". Where is he now? Heroes like Cao Cao are only prominent for a while, let alone themselves, so now they can only sigh the shortness of life, envy the endless flow, and hope to meet the gods and be with the bright moon. However, all these are unrealistic fantasies, which is why sadness and sadness are conveyed through flutes. The guest's answer shows a nihilistic thought and a negative outlook on life, which is one aspect of Su Shi's revealing thoughts through the guest's mouth.
Which sentence in the former Chibi Fu reflects Su Shi's inaction? The former Red Cliff Fu was written by Su Shi when he relegated Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei). This poem describes what the author and his friends saw and felt when they went boating in Chibi on a moonlit night. Taking the author's subjective feelings as a clue, through the form of subject-object question and answer, it reflects the author's liberation from boating on a moonlit night to drawing lessons from a painful experience and then to philosophy.
Fu described people's bewilderment in the vast universe with the words "The White Dew crosses the river, the water meets the sky, and the reed stands upright like this", while "The sound of the river, the shore breaks thousands of feet, the mountains are high and the moon is small, and the bottom is clear" wrote the impression that Qiu Jiang is cold and desolate in winter with extremely refined style.
& lt& lt Su Shi's Poem on the Former Red Cliff >> The main points of this article are: First, writing about boating on the river on a moonlit night, drinking and writing poems, the poet is immersed in the beautiful scenery and forgets the secular happy mood; Then write about the rise and fall of historical figures, and feel that life is too short, thus falling into the depression of reality; Finally, it expounds the philosophy of change and invariance, expounds the eternal existence of human beings and all things, and expresses the broad-minded and detached attitude towards life.
Attached:
Original "Red Cliff Fu"
Author: Su Shi
In autumn, on July 16th and 16th, Su Shi and his friends went boating in Chibi. The breeze blows gently and the water can't reach the surface. Raise a glass to propose a toast to one's companions, recite articles related to the moon, and sing praises to chapters. Not long after, the moon rose from Dongshan, hovering between the Big Dipper and the cow. Milky white fog across the river, clear water. Let the boat float on the boundless river and cross the boundless river. Vast as the wind in Feng Xu, I don't know where it ends; Floating like an independent world, feathering into a fairy.
At this time, he was very happy to drink, slapping the ship's rail with his hand and singing. The song says: "Gui Gui is like a blue paddle, striking the sky and tracing the streamer. I am in my arms, looking at the beauty and the sky. " There are people who make up by blowing a hole in the song, and their voices are sad: they cry when complaining, and they make trouble when complaining; The sound is endless; It can make the dragon dance in the deep valley and make the widow in the lonely boat cry.
Su Shi's face was sad and sad, so he sat up in a corner and asked the guest, "How do you know?" ? "The guest said," There are few stars in the moon, and blackbirds fly south. Isn't this a poem by Cao Mengde? Looking at Xiakou in the west and Wuchang in the east. The mountains and rivers are winding and gloomy; Isn't this Meng Zhizhi trapped in Zhou Lang? Fang Qi broke Jingzhou and went down to Jiangling, downstream to the east. It is thousands of miles long, covered with flags, drunk on the river, writing poems sideways. The hero of the solid world, now? My son and I, firewood over Zhu Jiang, make friends with fish, shrimp and elk, and belong to each other with a boat and a bottle. It's a drop in the ocean to send a mayfly into the earth. Lament the moment of my life and admire the infinity of the Yangtze River; Fei Xian went on a trip, holding the bright moon and dying; Knowing that it is impossible to get it suddenly, I hate it. "Perilla said," do you know her husband's water and the moon? The deceased is like this, but he has never been there; If you are full of emptiness, the dead will not ebb and flow. Gai must look at it from its own changes, and heaven and earth cannot be temporary; If you look at it from its constant point of view, then everything is endless to me. What do you envy? Between heaven and earth, everything has its own master. If it's not mine, it's a dime. However, the breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains are audible to the ears and visible to the eyes. Inexhaustible, inexhaustible. That's the creator's endless hiding place. My son and I are in the right place. "
Guests smile, wash the lights more carefully, the dishes are done, and the cups and plates are messy. Sleeping on the boat, hugging each other, I know the horizon has turned white.
The scenery in the pre-Chibi Fu, the characteristic scenery of the guest and the host and Su Shi: the big background is very broad, highlighting the contrast between the big and the small, so as to compare the smallness of people.
Guest: First of all, I feel that life is small and fleeting, and it is difficult to leave traces in the long river of history, so I am very sad. Later, he was persuaded by Su Shi.
Su Shi: The philosophy of life, which shows an open mind, will have different feelings about the world from different angles. Life is short and infinite.
The genre of Su Shi's Qianchibi Fu is () Qianchibi Fu is an essay written by Su Shi when he was relegated to Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei) in the fifth year of Song Shenzong Yuanfeng (1082). Later, I wrote an essay on the same topic, which was called "Qianchibi Fu". 10 15 wrote "Houchibi Fu".
How did the feelings in Su Shi's Qian Chibi Fu change? "Qian Chibi Fu" mainly describes the author's feelings of boating in Chibi on a moonlit night. From boating to lying on the pillow, the author puts forward and solves contradictions in the form of dialogue between subject and object, which deeply reveals the author's hidden worries and shows the author's broad-minded attitude towards life. The sadness of the "guest" in the article is caused by three feelings: First, the mountains and rivers around Chibi caused him to think about heroes in history. What kind of heroes were there then, and now they are safe? Besides, our fishing and firewood are above Zhu Jiang! Secondly, from the endless river, I thought of a moment in my life, as small as a drop in the ocean. The third is to get rid of the real situation and desire to "walk with Fei Xian and embrace the bright moon and die", but the reason why "suddenly realize" wrote "guest" was to write the inspiring words of perilla. Perilla's words in the article are aimed at the feelings of "guests". He talks about the philosophy of life from the change of the universe. It is believed that from the perspective of change, heaven and earth will not remain unchanged for a moment, life is short and natural sadness; But from a constant point of view, that is, heaven and earth are born with me, and everything is one with me, endless. Besides, everything in the world has its own owner. "If it's not mine, I don't want it." In this way, the gains and losses of honor and disgrace, joys and sorrows in the world are not enough to remember. Finally, he pointed out the way out for the "guests": to seek spiritual sustenance in nature. Obviously, the words of "guest and kindness" in Fu reflect the author's ideology. The philosophy of life he talked about has its reasonable positive side, but it also contains the negative factors of being content with the status quo and obeying nature in Buddhism and Taoism. Therefore, the words of this "guest" really reflect the author's inner pain, so when he sent his calligraphy "Qian Chibi Fu" to his friend Qin, he specially wrote to tell him: "It is difficult to be afraid of things. If Qin loves me, he will not hide it." Fu has three meanings, one is to write about the joy of night travel, the other is to write about extreme sadness, and the third is to write about enlightenment because of sadness. Emotional twists and turns, deeper and deeper. The style of writing is ups and downs, blending scenery, lyricism and discussion in one furnace. The scenery is like moonlight, the emotion is like sadness and joy, the reason is like things, mixed with vuvuzelas and flutes, and it's a long story. The beauty of writing lies in turning a blind eye, but your discussion and knowledge are not limited to turning a blind eye. Love is born from the scene, and the scene shows love, touching each other and creating a wonderful mythical realm. It also explains reason with scenery and emotion, making fu full of poetic and philosophical ideas. The author uses a fresh prose style as a fu, with parallel prose, antithetical sentences, rhymes and more casual sentences in the middle. This kind of fu is called Wen Fu. In addition to the traditional question-and-answer form of Fu style, Qianchibi Fu is characterized by arbitrary sentence length, loose rhyme, fluent and clear language, dialogue of lyrics, free and easy lyric reasoning and strong expressive force. These are the development of Fu.
Su Shi's "Qian Chi Bi Fu" is () C.
Fu is a style between poetry and prose. Since Xun Qing's prose became famous in the Warring States Period, there have been many Han Fu and Parallel Prose. This poem "Qianchibi Fu" is a rhyme with twelve rhymes from beginning to end; Like Han Fu, the author answers questions from both the subject and the object, and expounds his own thoughts and understanding. Also like parallel prose and metrical fu. Parallelism and duality are often used in writing and have the basic characteristics of "Fu". But not rigidly adhere to the style of "Fu". It uses prose brushwork in many places, and the sentence pattern is sometimes long and sometimes neat. Rugged is a masterpiece with a clever combination of prose and rhyme and a harmonious unity of poetry and prose, which has made great contributions to the development and breakthrough of Fu style.
What are the themes and artistic features of Su Shi's "Qian Chi Bi Fu"? On the whole, you will feel enveloped by moonlight and water, and listen to a philosopher explain the truth of life to you. There are only perilla and Hakka in the text; There are boats, wine and flutes, with the vast river and bright moonlight as the background. All the props and environments that ancient China literati can express their feelings are put out to meet an amazing warning.
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? The "guest" in the article should be a sad guest, singing wildly on the boat from the beginning, let alone in a fairyland-like atmosphere. I am facing my friend, the bright moonlight and the clear river. At this moment, who can hide my unhappiness and feelings about life? So it is very natural for guests to play a heart song with a flute and a song. Xiao has always been a spokesman for sadness; Alcohol has always been a victim of depression. But in perilla's view, drinking with the guests was in full swing, and the guests suddenly began to sigh, as if they were out of tune, but they didn't know the truth, so they "sat still" and asked the guests, "What is it?"
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? Finally, the question was asked, and the guests naturally revealed their anguish at this time, without any carelessness. Judging from the guest's first sentence: "There are several stars in the bright moon, and birds are singing in the south", isn't this a poem by Cao Mengde? Guests' thoughts are also opened because of the "moon", and then they are associated with the battle between Chibi and Cao Mengde. Then we know that the guest is hurting the past and cherishing the present. The following refers to the heroic spirit of a generation of macho men, but in the end it says, "What are you doing now?" He lamented that life is short, he is small, life is not like a river, and life is not like a "flying fairy". He wants to live with the river and the bright moon. He regrets that there is too little life, leaving only empty talk for future generations, which makes people feel pessimistic and tired of life. Is that really the case?
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? Don't! Su Huzi conquered the "sad guest" with his broad-minded and optimistic explanation. But you can't imagine that Su Dongpo's profound and abstract theory has become so straightforward and easy to accept. Or water and the moon, fight poison with poison. Since the guest is sad because the moon is caused by water, I'd better wash away your sadness with water. The medicine of perilla is convenient: one dose of moonlight, one dose of water color and one dose of perilla can be taken by dissolving perilla in moonlight and water color. Nowadays, the moonlight is beautiful, and Su Dongpo's quip is all over the world: "The deceased is like a husband, but it has never happened; Yes, I admit that time has passed and current events are constantly changing, but "profit is profit, loss is loss, and death is neither long nor short." The absence of the full moon is only a change in form, but its real entity has not changed at all. The same is true of life. Although people have joys, sorrows, life and death, your life will have its eternal side. If you look at it from the changing side, the world is just a moment. If you look at it from the same side, everything will last forever with me. Why envy their bright moon, rivers and mountains?
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? From this passage alone, it is not difficult for us to smell the breath of Buddhism and Zen, and there is a positive and open-minded attitude towards life in passivity, which may be the reason why Su Shi can be humiliated in life! "Three hundred lychees a day, you might as well grow into a Lingnan person", what a shrewd and sophisticated attitude! Su Shi is a real gentleman and a real person! In this article, he once again exhorted his friends that the breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains are endless treasures endowed by the creator, and we should "get them". There is no need to force anything in life. The beautiful scenery tonight is really a gift from heaven. We should enjoy it, and don't feel sorry for some unnecessary things and things we can't get. Oh, let a spirited person take risks in his favorite place. Cheers, and enjoy life together! So the guest "smiled" and Perilla successfully became a "psychologist".
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? Eating, drinking and having fun is a good medicine on some occasions, but it cannot be a lifelong attitude. From ancient times to the present, except Su Dongpo, I'm afraid there are not many people who can use these medicines well. This is not passive seclusion, but the embodiment of people's cultivation reaching the highest level. Although I admire Qu Yuan's loyalty and integrity, I can't agree with his attitude of "voting for Miluo". Although I appreciate Taibai's boldness and elegance, I don't want to praise his extravagant enjoyment and binge drinking. Dongpo layman has achieved the combination of two aspects, namely, a true gentleman and a real person!
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? The moonlight is so soft and the river is so vast, my friend, don't you want to add an open-minded and transcendental philosophy to it?