After the chaos, Du Fu took his family from Fengxian to Baishui, and then from Baishui to northern Shaanxi. "Wild fruit fills the valley, and humble branches become rafters." Eating wild fruits and building shacks, poets and exiled people endured the pain of national ruin and death. On July 13th, the following year, Prince Hengli succeeded to the throne in Lingwu (now Ningxia) and changed the yuan to virtue. Du Fu once fled to Zhou (now Fuxian County, Shaanxi Province). When he learned that the new emperor had ascended the throne in August, he settled in Qiang village, left him alone on Monday, went north to Yanzhou (now Yan 'an, Shaanxi Province), came up with Luziguan (near Hengshan County, Shaanxi Province) and arrived in Lingwu. On the way, he was captured by rebels and escorted to Chang 'an. Fortunately, Du Fu's status was not high at that time, and his reputation was not great. He pays attention to seclusion and is not valued by the Hu people. He was not sent to Luoyang to be an official in Chang 'an, forcing him to surrender, so Du Fu was not sent to Luoyang, nor did he work in the pseudo-* * of the Anshi Rebellion. Not only was he not forced to surrender, but he was not treated as a prisoner because of his good concealment. The Anshi Rebellion allowed sightseeing in the city, and the action was relatively free.
Appreciation of ai jiangtou
At that time, Chang 'an was no longer prosperous under the brutal ravages of the rebels, so he wrote sad poems such as "Ai Jiang Tou" and "Spring Hope". He wrote in "Ai Jiang Tou":
"Shaoling Yelaoyan cried, and I stole like a shadow of spring in the winding river.
There are thousands of palaces on the shore and new branches of willows. Who are you green for? .
I remember the colorful flags floating from the South Garden, which was full of colors.
The first lady of the kingdom, from the Sun Palace, waited on the emperor's royal chariot.
The cavalry in front of them were all holding bows and arrows, and discerning horses were chewing gold.
An archer, chest up, went through the clouds and hit a pair of birds with one arrow.
Where are those perfect eyes and those pearly teeth? A blood-stained soul has no home and nowhere to go.
A clear wave flowed eastward, crossing the Diaolou Mountain Path, and there was no news.
Compassionate people shed tears and hoped that she would be as eternal as rivers and flowers.
Tatars on horseback, in the dim twilight, covered the town with dust. I fled to the south, but I was still staring at the throne in the north. "
In this poem, he wrote that he could only hold back his inner pain and dare not burst into tears. In the spring season, a person secretly came to Qujiang. We still remember that Du Fu wrote two songs for Road a few years ago. In that poem, he told Mrs. Guo, Mrs. Qin, Yang and others that he came to Qujiang for a spring outing on March 3 when the weather was fine. Now what did Du Fu see in Qujiang, Chang 'an under the control of the Anshi Rebellion? What I saw was "Since all the palaces on the shore are sealed by thousands of doors", I saw that the doors of the palaces beside Qujiang were locked and nobody was there. "Fine willow, new rushes, who are you green for?" The slender willow branches and the newly plucked cattail leaves are still green. He recalled that Mrs. Guo came to Qujiang with Mrs. Qin and Yang, but now? "Where are those perfect eyes and those pearly teeth?" Where did Yang Guifei and Tang Xuanzong go? Tang Xuanzong has taken refuge in Shu, and Yang Guifei has died. A blood-stained elf has no home and nowhere to go, and there is no news from the waters of Wei in Wang Qinghe to the east, crossing the steeple path on the crevice, and there is no news. People, full of compassion, are tears left by a wish with tears in their eyes, but she looks at rivers and flowers forever like rivers and flowers. The poet's grief and indignation can't help coming to his heart, and his face is full of tears.
"On the Tatar, in the twilight, the cloud town is dusty." The Anshi Rebellion was so domineering and arrogant in the city that when the poet returned to his residence in the south of the city, he could not help but publicize it to the north of the city. "I fled south, but I wandered north." At that time, when Lingwu ascended the throne, in the north of the city, he revealed that the poet was eager for Tang Jun to defeat the Anshi Rebellion, recover Chang 'an, and restore Chang 'an's former prosperity and peace. This is the Qujiang side of the Anshi Rebellion that the poet saw alone in Qujiang in a spring. The poet's feelings of worrying about the country and the people and his resentment against the Anshi rebellion are revealed from the stream.
Appreciation of The Mourning King Sun and Other Works
Xiaoqin Du: In addition, Du Fu also wrote a poem "Mourning for the Prince and Sun", describing the tragic experience of the descendants of the princes and nobles who were arrogant in Chang 'an after the An-Shi Rebellion occupied Chang 'an. This poem writes:
A white-headed crow flies along the wall of the capital to the autumn gate, where it sings.
Then he turned around again and pecked at the roof of a building. The owner of this building, a powerful China man, had fled in front of the Tatars.
Now his golden whip is broken and his nine horses are dead. His own flesh and blood were scattered in the wind.
Below the waist of sapphire coral, a prince on a street corner is crying in pain.
Whoever wants to give him a fake name, anyone asks him, just a poor guy, hoping to get a job.
Hiding in the grass and thorns for a hundred days, from head to toe are displayed on him.
However, since their first emperor, all the hooked noses, these dragons look different from ordinary people.
The wolf is in the palace now, and the dragon has disappeared in the desert. Prince, be very careful of your most sacred person! .
I dare not talk to you for a long time on the open road, nor dare I stand beside you for a while. ......& gt& gt
Question 2: Why did Du Fu leave his hometown and come to Sichuan?
In the summer of the second year of Gan Yuan (759), there was a drought in Huazhou and Guanzhong. Du Fu wrote Summer Sigh and Summer Night Sigh, lamenting the sufferings of China refugees. After beginning of autumn this year, Du Fu felt sad about the dirty politics, gave up his secretarial position in Huazhou to join the army, and went to Qin Zhou in the west (now Tianshui, Gansu). Du Fu wrote more than 30 poems during his tenure in Huazhou. Du Fu finally arrived in Chengdu after several twists and turns. With the help of Yanwu and others, he built a thatched cottage on the banks of Huanhuaxi in the west of the city, which was called "Du Fu Cottage" or "Huanhuacao Hall" in history. Later, it was recommended by Yanwu as the festival capital, and the whole family lived in fengjie county, Sichuan.
In the spring of the second year of Guangde (760), he moved to Shu again, and Du Fu returned to the thatched cottage where he had been wandering for nearly two years. Yanwu recommended Du Fu as Yuanwailang of the school's Ministry of Industry and became Yanwu's staff officer. Later generations also called Du the Ministry of Industry. Soon Du Fu resigned again. During these five or six years, Du Fu was still living a hard life. He said, "The book of a thick and generous old friend is broken, and the son who is hungry is desolate" ("Madman") "Fools don't know the ceremony of father and son, so they are angry and beg for food and cry to the East Gate." He used some details of his life to show the hardships of his life. He said that his children are not sensible, don't know how to respect their fathers, and don't know the courtesy of their masters. When they are hungry, whether they are fathers or not, they should follow the ceremony of father and son. When you are hungry, you clamor for food and cry at the east gate. In the autumn wind and rainstorm, Du Fu's hut was dilapidated, and his wife was hungry and couldn't sleep all night. He wrote "The Hut was Blown by Autumn Wind".
Question 3: Why did Du Fu come to Chengdu? Is he an official or a hermit in Chengdu? What is his living condition? Du Fu has been living in Caotang Temple in Chengdu. In ancient times, Caotang Temple was a temple. His poem: "The window contains a thousand miles of autumn snow in Xiling, and the boating gate in Wan Li, Wu Dong" is written from Caotang Temple in Xiling overlooking the snow-capped mountains! Now Caotang Temple has become a famous tourist attraction. Renamed Du Fu Caotang many years ago?
Question 4: It used to be thought that Du Fu was going to Yanwu, but now this view is questioned. What are the reasons for questioning? After 757, Yanwu was transferred to Chang 'an and did not return to Chengdu until 76 1. Du Fu arrived in Chengdu in the winter of 759. According to Du Fu's "Emperor Wudi's Visiting the Country and Leaving the Caotang Capital", Du Fu's house was completely built by his cousin. In the autumn of 759, after Du Fu abandoned his official position, he fled to Qin Zhou and Tonggu successively. He once had the idea of "not praising the master" to settle in the bronze drum, but failed to do so. In the late winter of 759, Du Fu arrived in Chengdu.
Therefore, if Du Fu came to Chengdu to go to Yanwu, he didn't need to visit relatives and friends everywhere in Chengzhou and Tonggu. It was because of despair that he came to Chengdu and built a house on the first acre of grassland with the support of relatives and friends. It was not until Zhenshu that his life began to improve.
Question 5: How old was Du Fu when he was in Chengdu? Du Fu was born in 7 12 AD. In the winter of 759 AD, Du Fu moved from Longyou (now southern Gansu Province) to Chengdu with his family to avoid the "Anshi Rebellion". In 765, Yanwu died of illness, and Du Fu had to say goodbye to his family.
Du Fu arrived in Chengdu at the age of 47 and left Chengdu at the age of 53.
Question 6: Why did Du Fu move to Chengdu Caotang after Anshi Rebellion? The country, society and, of course, the bureaucracy are all in chaos. The emperor needs heroes to stay in the future to help him fight against the rebellion. People who are useless to Du Fu naturally don't care much, so Du Fu has to make a living by himself (the court has no money to pay). But at that time, Yanwu had a good relationship with him and gave him a low-rent house, so Du Fu moved to Chengdu Caotang.
Question 7: How many years did Du Fu stay in Chengdu for four years?
During the war-torn exile in Chengdu, Du Fu, with the help of his friends, built a thatched cottage on the banks of Huanhua River in the western suburbs of Chengdu. He lived here for four years and became the peak of his poetry creation, writing more than 240 poems.
Question 8: Du Fu's poems in Chengdu drifted southwest (from the first year of Su Zong Shang Yuan to the fifth year of Dai Zong Da Li, aged 760-770, 49-59).
Characteristics of Du Fu's Poems during his Wandering Southwest
1. There are a lot of poets. Although I am in a foreign land and enter my later years, I am more diligent in my creation. There are 1072 existing poems, which are three times the sum of the previous three issues, accounting for 73% of all works. Kuizhou has 485 poems in less than two years.
2. Rich themes. The poet not only wrote all the mountains and rivers, landscapes, local customs, places of interest, and feelings of life in his poems, but also left many autobiographical works to recall and reflect on past experiences. For example, homesickness, strong travel, night travel, mourning, going to the present, eight sorrows and so on. But no matter where you go, caring about the fate of the country and reflecting the sufferings of people's livelihood is always an important content that cannot be changed.
3. Most modern poems (metrical poems) account for 70% of all poems in this period. Du Jizhong wrote 365,438+0 five-line poems here, 65,438+005 of 65,438+007 four-line poems here, 4,865,438+0 of 550 five-line poems here and 65,438+08 of four-line poems here. Du Fu's mastery of metrical patterns has reached the point of perfection, as the saying goes, "In view of the fine method of poetry in the evening festival". ("Send a boring play to the 19th Cao Chang")
4. The lyrical atmosphere is rich. At this time, Du Fu was suffering from poverty and illness, and his works often showed an irresistible feeling of depression, sadness and desolation.
17, book fragrance: seven laws. It was written in the spring of the first year of Su Zong Shang Yuan (spring of 760), and was written by Chengdu Wuhou Temple when Du Fu first entered Shu. The poem eulogizes Zhuge Liang's efforts to assist the two masters and the difficulty of serving the country all his life, and integrates nostalgia with lyricism. In fact, the poet's regret of "dying before conquering" is a sad realization of his ideal of "serving the king of Yao and Shun". Among nearly 20 poems dedicated to Zhuge Liang in Du Ji, this one has the greatest influence, and it is also the most influential poem of all Wuhou poets in past dynasties.
There is a famous saying: "Look at the world diligently and offer your heart to two generations.
But before he conquered, he died, and since then the heroes have been crying on their coats. "
18 "The Cottage is Broken by Autumn Wind": Seven ancient songs (seven-character songs). Written in the autumn of the second year of Suzong (76 1 autumn). In the second year after entering Shu, I wrote it in Chengdu. Write that a storm swept away the thatch on his roof. The bed was wet and he couldn't sleep at night. From this, he recalled the painful experience since the war. Poets can relate their own pain to the hardships of the broad masses of the people and send out that "there are thousands of spacious buildings, and the poor in the world are happy, and the wind and rain are as peaceful as mountains!" Well, when did you suddenly see this house? It is enough for me to freeze to death alone! "This willingness to exchange personal pain for the happiness of the whole world touched Bai Juyi, Wang Anshi and millions of people from generation to generation.
19, the play is composed of six quatrains: six quatrains of seven quatrains, written in the first year of Baoying (around 762 AD). It comments on Wan Xin, Qu Yuan and Song Yu, four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty, criticizes the bad habits of the literati at that time, and shows the correct attitude towards the literary heritage of predecessors. Du Fu commented on the creativity of literature and art in the form of a set of quatrains.
Famous sentence: "The name of Ercao is ruined, and the rivers will not be wasted forever." (2)
"Today's people love the ancients, and the beautiful sentences in Ming language must be neighbors." (5)
"If you don't cut off your fake body and are elegant, you will be a teacher." (6)
20. The two sides of the Yellow River recovered by the imperial army: seven laws. Written in the spring of the first year of Dade (AD 763). Du Fu is now in Zizhou. Writing and talking about works: the ecstatic sigh of the good news that the An Shi Rebellion was finally put down, and the wonderful reverie of whether or not to come to Thailand, show the people suffering from war-torn yearning for reunification and peace. This is an excellent work full of patriotic feelings, and it is also praised by later generations as "the first quick poem in Lao Du's life". (Reading Du Xin Jie by Qing-Pu Qilong) (There are few poems expressing happiness, judging from the way of expression)
Famous sentence: the news of this distant western station! The north has been recovered! At first, I couldn't stop crying on my coat. Where are my wife and son? There is not a trace of sadness on their faces. However, I packed my books and poems crazily.
When you sing in the daytime, you must sprinkle it vertically on the green spring day, which is the beginning of my return home. Come back from this mountain, pass another mountain, go up from the south and then go north-to my own town! .
2 1, climbing stairs: seven laws. Written in the spring of the second year of Dade (AD 764), when he returned to Chengdu from Zizhou, he expressed what he saw and felt when he climbed the building, and expressed his feelings of worrying about and hurting the country. As Shen Deqian said, this article "The weather is magnificent, and the universe is caged" (... >>
Question 9: What is the name of the thatched cottage Du Fu built in Chengdu? Urgent! Urgent! Urgent! I really appreciate it． The thatched cottage built by Du Fu in Chengdu is called Chengdu thatched cottage (or Chengdu Du Fu thatched cottage).
Chengdu Du Fu Caotang is the residence of Du Fu, a great poet in Tang Dynasty in China, when he lived in Chengdu. In the winter of 759 AD, Du Fu moved from Longyou (now southern Gansu Province) to Chengdu with his family to avoid the "Anshi Rebellion". The following spring, with the help of friends, a small house was built to live by the picturesque Huanhua River in the western suburbs of Chengdu. The following spring, the hut was built and named "Chengdu Caotang". He has lived here for nearly four years. In 765, Yanwu died of illness. Du Fu, who lost his only support, had to say goodbye to Chengdu with his family. Two years later, he lived in Jing and Hunan of the Three Gorges. After Du Fu left Chengdu, the thatched cottage no longer existed. Five Dynasties ago, Wei Zhuang, a poet in the middle of Shu, discovered the site of the thatched cottage and rebuilt it to preserve it. Du Fu's Caotang was restored many times in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Question 10: I went to Chengdu for two days. I read a lot of raiders on the internet. They all said that I would get off at Dubei Station in Jinli, Wuhou Temple. I wanted to take a taxi to Jinli and Wuhou Temple, then Kuanzhai Lane, Caotang and Chunxi Road!