The content of the poem describes the scenery in the deep valley near the mountain on the left side of the cold rock, and finally expresses the artistic conception. The whole article is soaked with chill. The first one is about mountains and rivers.
"Staggering" means that the mountain road is deep and dark, and "stumbling" means that the river is lonely and cold. At the beginning of the poem, the reader was brought into a cold and dense state, and he felt a chill.
The second couplet is about the quietness in the mountains, which is contrasted with the cold silence around with the light birds singing.
Sanlian wrote about the climate in the mountains, and wrote about the cold environment with the cold snow. The feeling of connecting the tail: Shan Ye is quiet and lush, and it is not easy to see the sun; My heart is like an ancient well, and I don't care about going to Qiu Lai in spring. The first seven sentences render the cold environment,
The last sentence shows the poet's detachment.
Comments:
This poem also enhances its musical beauty by using overlapping words. With the help of the repetition of syllables, people feel harmonious and hovering in one breath, and with the help of the unity of forms, the scattered landscapes, winds, snow, environment and emotions are organized into a whole, endless and endless.
The effect of using overlapping words is roughly the same as that of using dual parallelism, which can obtain neat formal beauty and enhance the intensity of feelings. Most of the reduplicated words in Hanshan's poems have a cold and lonely emotional color, which makes this poem shrouded in a strong atmosphere. For another example, the two single nouns "Chao" and "Sui" have no emotional color at first, but once they are used repeatedly, they appear in the above-mentioned specific atmosphere, showing the infinite extension of time and the persistence of mood, and also strengthening poetry and emotional color.
This poem is characterized by the use of overlapping words in addition to the traditional way of expressing atmosphere with scenery and setting off artistic conception with atmosphere. Capitalized reduplications are rarely used in the whole sentence. Gu Rizhilu said: "It is the most difficult to use reduplication in poetry." Feng Wei said that people "... overlap in six words, which can be said to be repetitive, but not chaotic." "He put forward the requirement of using reduplicated words: never taking pains, not being chaotic. The key is change. Hanshan's poems use reduplicated words and are full of variety. "Jitter" has a dark feeling; Rollo has a sense of space; Twitter has a voice; "Silence" is silence; The dynamic sense of "Xi Xi" writing style: "One by one" wrote the flying shape of snow; Although "Chao Chao" and "Sui Sui" refer to the same time, there are differences in length. Eight groups of overlapping words, each with its own situation. As far as parts of speech are concerned, these overlapping words are adjectives, adverbs, onomatopoeias and nouns, and they are also different. As far as the object is concerned, whether it is mountains or water, birds or people, wind or snow, scenery or feelings, it is different. In this way, seemingly varied, although the text is repeated, it is not boring, complex and orderly.
2. Bixing begins with confusion. Because the length of the whole poem is quite short, there are only six sentences in one sentence, so every word should be carefully arranged, and there is no room for free will. "The grass in your north is as blue as jade, and the mulberry branches here are bent like moss." If you don't understand it carefully, you may think the beginning is flat, but that's all. Because from the technical point of view, this is the prosperity and competition of Fu, that is, "he said that he made the words sung in advance" ("Zhu Shizhuan"). Starting from the scenery in front of us, it causes homesickness behind us, which is the most common way to open folk songs since the Book of Songs. Moreover, in rhetoric, it is also a general duality, that is, the most secure form, which is adjective to adjective and noun to noun respectively. For example, "Swallow Grass" versus "Qin Sang" and "Beth" versus "Green Branch". However, there are rich connotations hidden in this unremarkable ordinary. Just like the title of this xiaowen, it gives people the feeling that they are "confused, just because spring is sultry". Yan Di is the northern part of Shanxi and Hebei today, and Qin is the Guanzhong area of Shaanxi now. The two places are far apart, so it is impossible for one person to see these two different spring scenery at the same time. As long as the reader thinks a little, it is not difficult to understand that the woman who is full of "spring" in the poem must be in the spring of Qin, and the person who misses is of course in Yanbei, where the spring is still cold. It's cold outside the Yanbei Great Wall. When the spring grass finally grows green buds as thin as hair, the homesick women who are far away in Qin are already in the mulberry forest with drooping branches.
Sifu lived in the middle of Qin Dynasty. What she saw in front of her eyes was the lush mulberry forest, but what she thought of was the newly sprouted grass in the chilly spring of Beiyan. In fact, she has no mind to appreciate the spring scenery around her, because she has been aroused by the spring scenery and remembered her husband who has been working in Yan for a long time. The implication of "Xing" in this poem is actually hidden. Literally, it is clear that the spring in Qin and Yanbei is very different in time because of the different climate, and another meaning of "spring" refers to the love between men and women, that is, the meaning of "spring is full" that often appears in ancient poems. Then, when Yanbei's husband began to feel that he had been away from home for too long and just wanted to go home, his wife at home had been snapping her fingers all day. Does "our mulberries bend branches with green threads here" have a more intrinsic meaning? Because whenever "Qin Sang" is mentioned, it will always remind people of the famous song "Sang in Shang Mo" written by Han Yuefu: "Look at my Qinfu at the southeast corner of sunrise. Qin has a good daughter who calls herself Luo Fu. " Luo Fu is good at raising silkworms and picking mulberry in the south corner of the city. Perhaps the singing of Qin Family, Good Silkworm Breeding and Picking the Southern Corner of Mulberry Sons is not a completely unrelated accidental coincidence with our Mulberry Song in Spring Thoughts. Li Bai is probably suggesting to people that the heroine in "Spring Thoughts" is as beautiful and witty as "Luo Fu".
As a short poem of Qi Liang style, Li Bai also used the rhetorical device of "homophonic pun", which was the most common folk song in the Southern Dynasties at that time. He homophoned "thinking" with "silk" and "knowledge" with "branch", which not only made the whole poem look more like a folk song in the Southern Dynasties, but also echoed the following feelings of "nostalgia" and "heartbroken"
I love you very much. I'll speak my mind directly. Three or four sentences in the poem directly come from the idea of "xing" at the beginning, so there are still two sentences, both of which say "and you finally want to go home, and now my heart is breaking." When she learned that her husband arrived in Yanbei in late spring, and finally began to plan his return trip, her wife felt heartbroken instead of relieved and happy. The wife's reaction was really unexpected. Where does this feeling of heartbreak come from? It turned out that although the husband had already planned to go home, the spoony wife thought it was too late for him to go home at this time, because she had been longing for him to come back. The subtle internal relationship between Swallow Grass and Qin Sang mentioned at the beginning of the poem, and the following "Returning to the bosom" and "heartbroken" is revealed. Although it is undoubtedly a good thing for Sifu to know that her husband will eventually come back, she feels wronged in turn. How did you think of going home before that? Waiting at home alone every day, looking forward to it day by day, almost looking through the autumn water. Thought of here, I may even gently scold you "you have no heart", and I may even shed a few tears of joy. Therefore, at this moment, Sifu's "heartbroken" is not really painful, but a kind of blame and complaint full of true feelings. Maybe if her husband doesn't say he will go home, she will still miss him and wait without complaint. After receiving the news that her husband came home, Sifu's seemingly unnatural complaints and venting just expressed her love for her husband. The so-called deep affection, so she is duty-bound. This is a fact. After reading this, we can't help feeling that Li Bai, who is famous for his romance and boldness, has such a meticulous grasp of female psychology.
The question mark is a knot, and the feelings are infinite. The ending of this poem is also unexpected and sudden. After learning that her husband was going home, Sifu waited at home wholeheartedly for him to enter the door as soon as possible. But her husband didn't come back, and Sifu became more and more anxious. But she is the only one at home, full of bitterness and mixed feelings. Who can she confide in? It is precisely because there is no object to vent, so in desperation, this thoughtful woman who is as quiet as a virgin on weekdays will complain about the ignorant spring breeze and condemn it: "Spring breeze, since I dare not know you, why should I open the silk curtain beside my bed?" ? "The spring breeze blew into her boudoir and overturned the curtains on the bed. Looking at this swaying Luo Wei, she even touched the feelings of this thoughtful woman. She once again sent out a puzzling question, and this time the object turned out to be Chunfeng: "You and I have never met, why do you want to go deep into my boudoir?" This is not a question and rejection of the spring breeze, but because the spring breeze blew into the boudoir, which touched her thoughts about her husband. Even the spring breeze, which I have never met before, came to visit, but shouldn't the husband who knows the meaning well and knows himself well come back? You know, this boudoir is ours. This confinement of the spring boudoir is boring, so the spring thoughts are lingering, so the act of attacking the spring breeze is a vivid representation of the homesick woman "Chun Qing", which seems unreasonable, but in fact it is affectionate. The bitterness of acacia and the depth of love are vividly portrayed and breathtaking.
3. The resentment of Yao color reverberates in the long night, and the string is sad around the wind and rain. There is a bleak corner of Chu under the lonely lamp, and a hook of the waning moon sinks down the stage. At dusk in spring, my old friend was late. I can't send any letters at home, and Qiu Yan has returned to the south.
This poem is a homesick work. The title of the poem is Night Thinking, but it doesn't start with thinking. It's about what you saw and heard in the autumn night, and the loneliness and sadness of living in a foreign land. In the second half of the poem, the content of "thinking" is written: the grass is dusk, the youth is gone, the old friend doesn't come, and homesickness is hard to send. Finally, in the autumn festival, it is even more worrying. The poem expresses a kind of helpless hatred, which makes people sad and heartbroken.
In the bleak autumn night, the poet missed his old friend under the lonely lamp, and he was full of sadness. He could not send a letter from home, which aggravated his sad mood. The whole poem is in one go, with sincere feelings, clear grievances and touching feelings.