-Appreciation of Tomb-Sweeping Day's Ancient Poems (3)
Wang chuanxue
Tomb-Sweeping Day has beautiful spring and pleasant climate, which is a good time to go for an outing in spring. Many poems in Song Dynasty show the scene of spring outing in Qingming Festival:
The Song Dynasty poet Ouyang Xiu's "Picking Mulberries" describes the grand occasion of a spring outing in the West Lake.
During the Qingming Festival, the West Lake is good and prosperous everywhere. Who's fighting for the road? Green willow and Zhu wheel along. Tourists will go at dusk and wake up drunk and noisy. This road became a bank until the city head was always full of flowers.
This word describes the bustling scene of the West Lake in the Qingming period, deliberately depicts the happy atmosphere of the spring outing, and writes the beauty of the West Lake from the side.
Shangsi is the name of this festival. In ancient times, the third day of the third month of the lunar calendar was regarded as "Shangsi". On this day, people always have the custom of going to the seaside for an outing. "Dream of Liang Lu" has been published for two years: "On March 3rd, the story of Qushui began in the Jin Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, Qujiang hosted a banquet, which was also this intention, and all the money was poured into the city. " "Tokyo Dream" also records: "The four fields are like cities, often under trees or gardens, listing cups and plates and advising each other. Jingshi is full of songs and dances in the garden pavilion. " From this we can see the grand occasion of people traveling in the suburbs. The West Lake is the best place for tourists because of its charming scenery. How is the grand occasion? After pointing out the festival at the beginning, the poet said, "Everywhere is bustling" and summed up the scene of men and women, traffic and excitement at that time in one sentence. Next, it will be described in detail: "Who is fighting for the road" means that in the crowd, I don't know who is pushing and grabbing the road, which vividly depicts the crowded scene of the noisy crowd. Not only are there many pedestrians, but there are also endless streams of vehicles: "green willows and bamboo wheels walk on wheels", and "bamboo wheels" are wheels painted with red paint; A "car" is a car decorated with metal and precious stones. That is to say, on the other side of the green willow, there are red wheels and shining cars coming and going! These two sentences respond to the sentence "as rich as an enemy" and are a concrete description of this sentence. Here, the author does not directly write about the scenery of the West Lake, but writes about tourists rushing to the West Lake to show people the attraction of the scenery of the West Lake from this aspect.
The first movie is about people coming to the lake for a spring outing in Tomb-Sweeping Day, and the second movie is about the scene on their way home at dusk. After a day of spring outing, people go their separate ways at dusk. Some of them got drunk at the holiday picnic, and the phrase "wake up drunk" carries considerable weight. Including all kinds of joyful sounds and gestures, whether drunk, awake, singing, laughing or talking. In short, a noise accompanied by people. Here, the author didn't write how happy and lively the banquet was, but these two sentences actually showed the above-mentioned "four fields are like the city, often under trees or gardens, arranging cups and plates to persuade each other;" Jingshi sings and dances all over the garden pavilion, and returns at dusk. Summarize a sentence, and then write about the people on the way home from a distance: "The road turns to the embankment and has been spent at the head of the city." People walked along the winding road to the city head, and at first glance, there were flowers everywhere. The word "flower" here is a general term. On the one hand, it refers to the wildflowers on the roadside in late spring, which bloom all the way and are accompanied by pedestrians; On the other hand, there are flower-like girls in the crowd, wearing flowers on their heads; People's gorgeous clothes and the beautiful color of Zhu Lunqi's car mean colorful until Chengtou. So use the word "total" in the sentence.
The word runs through the festive atmosphere of "prosperity" and "noise" from beginning to end, which allows readers to be in this atmosphere and accept the joy of the festival. After reading this word, look back at the first sentence: "Qingming West Lake is good", it is not difficult to see that the author praised the West Lake through the prosperity of the festival. Every sentence in the word has rich connotations, and the whole word constitutes a vivid and magnificent You Chuntu.
The Qingming Festival in Su Causeway, written by Wu Weixin, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, also describes the spring outing of the Qingming West Lake:
Pears bloom in the clear air,
Wandering around the city looking for spring.
Leave at dusk,
Ten thousand leaf warblers.
This poem does not give a concrete rendering of the beautiful spring scenery and the joy of spring outing, but only embellishes it with "Pear Flower" and "Brother Sheng". The unique idea of this poem lies in that the poet does not start from the front, but uses the indulgence of tourists and orioles to make suggestions from the side and urge people to associate. Wandering in search of spring, not only "half out of the city", but also "heading for the city and returning to dusk". After playing painfully all day, it can be seen that the scenery of the West Lake is dazzling, the festive atmosphere makes people linger, and the spring scenery is fascinating. Look at "suckling baby" again. When people are "singing loudly and advocating the sky", its world is "occupied" by human beings. Now, the oriole, who has been suppressed for a day, has been taken to emotional contagion by tourists. How can it not be ecstatic when it becomes the master of the green forest again? It is not difficult to imagine that the disappearance of orioles is due to the fanaticism of people's noisy scenes; And its reappearance just shows the charm of happy and beautiful colors. In this way, the poet's description of the festival scenes and bright scenery is not a direct description, but the happiness of the sentimental Yingying, which is more euphemistic from the side.
The first two sentences are about the spring scenery of the West Lake and the lively scenes of spring outing. The last two sentences say that the scenery is more beautiful after sunset. Since those who love to catch up with the excitement don't know how to appreciate it, they have to let the returning orioles enjoy it. The use of profile description reflects the fun of Tomb-Sweeping Day's outing. March in the south of the Yangtze River is the season of "pear blossoms like snow". Young people go out of the city together, take a walk in search of spring, the flute whimpers, the songs curl, the breeze caresses their faces, and the willows linger. It's really "relaxed and happy, welcoming with wine, and happy", which is about the beautiful and pleasant scenery of the West Lake. .
Yan Shu, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, wrote down the cheerful mood of girls in Tomb-Sweeping Day:
Swallow came to the news agency, after the Qingming Festival in pear flower falls. At three or four o'clock on the pond, there are one or two orioles at the bottom of the leaves, and the days are long and the flocs are light. Smile at the oriental female companion, and you will be greeted in Sando. The suspect had a good dream last night, but Yuan won today, laughing on both sides.
This word describes a small fragment of the spring life of ancient girls with faint strokes, but it shows an interesting picture to the readers.
The first paragraph is a scene. "Swallows come to the news agency, and pears are after Qingming." These two sentences not only point out the season, but also write the relationship between the season and the scenery, giving people a concrete impression. The style of writing is light and beautiful, and it contains joy, which lays the foundation for the clear, harmonious and beautiful tone of the whole word. "The moss on the pool is three or four o'clock, and there are one or two orioles at the bottom of the leaves. The sheep are light." At three or four o'clock, the spring pool dotted with moss, deep in the forest, came the song of welcoming children from time to time. "The days are getting longer", which means that the season has begun to change, which is somewhat a pity for spring. Catkins are flying in the air, showing a sunny scene. The seemingly ordinary natural scenery of "biting moss", "oriole" and "flying catkins" is particularly eye-catching after being slightly dyed by the poet, just like a small scene in early summer.
After Tomb-Sweeping Day, the weather gradually warmed up, begonia and pear just declined, and catkins began to fly again. As the Spring Festival approached, Yan came back early. There is a small pond in the garden, the edge of which is dotted with moss. Deep in the dense branches and leaves, the crisp cry of orioles came from time to time. After Tomb-Sweeping Day, the weather gradually warmed up, begonia and pear just declined, and catkins began to fly again. The Spring Festival society is approaching, and I have come back at the beginning of my life. There is a small pond in the garden, the edge of which is dotted with moss. Deep in the dense branches and leaves, the crisp cry of orioles came from time to time.
The next movie is about people. "Smile at the female companions in the East and meet them in Sandao." Taking advantage of this late spring and early summer season, the girls stopped sewing and came to the embrace of nature. At this time, the female companion in the east came up with a smile, and they happened to meet on the mulberry path. The word "clever smile" captures the image of "female companion in the east" from the inside to the outside by describing the psychological activities and modality of the characters. The moment when the true feelings are revealed, the spiritual world of the characters is subtly revealed. When reading, people feel deja vu. "The suspect had a good dream last night. It turned out that the grass fight won today, and both sides were laughing. " When the girls met, they were in high spirits and happy, and then they played the game of fighting grass together. The hero of the world won. This naive girl is full of youthful joy. She suddenly remembered the good dream she had last night, thinking it was a sign of "startling the snake" and her face flew up with a smile. There is no positive description of the activities of fighting grass between the lines, only a pen points out the inner activities of the characters, which shows that this girl is not only smart, imaginative, but also has such a pure heart.
The Qingming two wonders written by Chen, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty (Part II) is full of twists and turns;
The wind blows the sound of the city,
The patient is in great danger.
The curtains look at the end of the night,
Willow wind is full of charm.
The poet seized the beautiful and pleasant scenery of "Qingming Sunset", which was bright and fresh, and sang. Expressed the beautiful feelings of loving nature and spring.
The poet uses the method of wanting to promote and restraining first. The first two sentences are cold and embarrassing, expressing his sadness. "The Sound of Venture Capital Street" is about the suburbs, full of people, and the festive atmosphere is extremely strong; At this moment, the "sick man" of "me" is lonely, cold and clear, and the two match each other. However, in the last two sentences, the poet put down his pen and left. The poet was very concerned. "One curtain looks at the night." The breeze blows gently, the willows curl, and the poet is full of charm, refreshing and clear-headed. The tone of the poem suddenly rose, giving readers a tortuous artistic enjoyment.
Qingming is a short piece of music for the soul. Through the sudden change of the wind direction, the poet skillfully described the subtle changes in the mood during the Qingming period. It was windy outside, and there was a noisy noise in the market. The sick poet couldn't sit still, which showed that he was upset and couldn't enjoy the spring scenery leisurely. In the evening, when the sun sets and the willows sway, the poet Chen is in a happy mood, basking in the window and enjoying the scenery, and the beautiful spring scenery has a panoramic view, which causes the poet's infinite joy. The style of writing is subtle, fresh and gratifying.
Cheng Hao, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, wrote "Walking in the suburbs is doing things", which showed his interest in Qingming outing:
Grass is wild, grass is wild,
Spring enters the deep mountains and clear water.
Bustling through Liuxiang,
You are sitting in the desert because of running water.
Do not say goodbye to a glass of wine,
I'm afraid the wind will turn red.
The weather is clear and cloudless,
You might as well travel and never forget to come back.
The poet happily wrote: I played heartily on the lush and flowery Yuan Ye, witnessing that spring has reached the distant mountains and surrounded by full of green. Chasing red petals flying in the wind with great interest, through the alley where catkins sway; When you are sleepy, face the running water by the stream and sit on a mossy stone to rest. Don't refuse this cup of wine, don't live up to your sincerity in persuading wine, I'm afraid the wind will blow away the flowers and pieces will fly away. In addition, today is Tomb-Sweeping Day, sunny and sunny, which is very suitable for amusement, but we can't forget it.
It didn't rain, but it was sunny. In spring, the sunny scenery on the Yuan Ye is like opening before your eyes. The poet wrote not only the scenery, but also the happiness of chasing fallen flowers and the leisure of thinking about water. Finally, he did not forget to advise people to cherish time.
Chao Zhong Cuo, written by Zhang Qian, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, is unique in describing the rain in the Qingming Festival.
During the Qingming Festival, there are many rains and the tide falls on the beach. Looking at pear flower coldly, I love the world all my life. Yan Hu, Yun Chuang, drunk and crying. Fold a willow leaf, who will insert it when you return?
The poet braved the rain to find spring in Tomb-Sweeping Day, but was trapped by the heavy rain. When he saw the river rushing and the waves surging, he wrote infinite sorrow and hatred. On the way home, the author also broke a willow tree, but when he arrived at his residence, he suddenly realized-how can a person with waves have his own home? Use this to write feelings and express them in an organized way.
The last sentence "Tomb-Sweeping Day", the rain in Tomb-Sweeping Day is not Mao Mao rain, but heavy rain. Just then, the author braved the rain to find spring, but was trapped by heavy rain. When he saw the river rushing, the tide surged in. In the sentence of "turning over the quilt and looking coldly", the author made pear flower feel, looked coldly at the author's mess in the rain, and blamed the author for being so obsessed with flowers and trees in other places, but didn't think of the warmth of his hometown. The author's "experience" is unspeakable, and the source, infinite bitterness, infinite sadness and hatred are all in silence.
In the next film, I couldn't find the scenery in the rain, so I had to go to the Pearl Curtain Jade House where birds were singing and dancing, and get drunk to solve thousands of worries. However, the hometown where people lead a drunken life is good, but it is difficult to stay for a long time. When the guests are drunk, I see crows crowing, and people go to the building. ? "Folding willows", in ancient times, in Tomb-Sweeping Day, willows were inserted on the doors of every household to ward off evil spirits. On the way home, the author also conveniently folded a willow tree, but when he arrived at his residence, he suddenly realized-how can a man with waves have his own home when he stays? The author can't help sighing at the willow. "Who will go home when you come back?" A kind of sadness that a wanderer wants to go home and be homeless suddenly hits his heart. A willow tree with nowhere to insert is full of sadness and resentment, and it is helpless in humor. It's natural for a poet to lift weights easily with a pen, but he doesn't pay attention to it. His skillful use of pen and ingenious conception are amazing.
Poets in Song Dynasty wrote "Three Stations Reflecting Records on Qingming Festival", which is a masterpiece of poems reflecting records on Qingming Festival.
At the beginning, I saw pear blossoms with jathyapple, and Haitang half contained morning rain. In Yuan Chun, I couldn't help crossing Qingmen, starting from Yugou and diving over Nanpu. The east wind is quiet, and the willow is dark. Looking at the phoenix is neither smoke nor fog. Good times, more joy in the ruling and opposition, nine strange places, Taiping drum.
At first glance, the warbler sounds intermittently and swallows fly around. Near the green water, the platform reflects the swing, the grass fights together, and two women swim. The fragrance is more fragrant and the wine is cooler. Will secretly know, Yao Tao Zhu Hu. At night, BMW carved saddles, got drunk and spent a lot of money.
Light and cold, light and warm, half cloudy and half sunny. It's time to try on new makeup. It's good to be three years old in China. Looking at the Qingming Festival, the Han Palace spread candles and torches, scattered smoke and flew into Huaifu. Gather soldiers and guards, open the door, live and preach, and have a rest.
This is a preface poem about Tomb-Sweeping Day. The whole word depicts the scenery and sequence of the Qingming Festival in Beijing with Fu's brushwork. The first part describes the spring scenery in the palace, from the inside out, always telling the scene of peace and prosperity, implying the micro-purpose of the court's kindness and popularization of the people, such as Good Times, which are all praises. China's films describe a trip to the suburbs, specifically describing the happy scenes of various characters in Yanwu, Ying Ge, with the emphasis on the vitality of nature and the peace of the people; Occasionally, the scenery is dotted with distinctive styles. The next film describes the festival scene of the noble house. From cold food to Qingming, it describes the joy of people trying on new makeup and the scene of the palace candle lighting a new fire, and welcomes the season with the poem of Han Yi's "cold food", which comes down to the scene of court life. The whole ci tends to whitewash Taiping, but objectively reflects the prosperous and lively scene of Bianjing at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty.
The scenery in the ci is fresh and natural, such as "seeing pear flowers at first, begonia watching morning rain", pear flowers, begonia, jathyapple and morning rain, with gorgeous colors, but without the rich flavor of the court. Spring extends from the palace to the people, which has both the tranquility of spring in the wild and the grandeur of palace architecture, and can be regarded as a picture of spring. The whole ci tends to whitewash Taiping, but objectively reflects the prosperous and lively scene of Bianjing at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty. The scenery is vivid and vivid, which shows the false prosperity and customs of the late Northern Song Dynasty in a form different from Zhang Zeduan's famous painting The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival. The whole word description is outlined, with distinct levels, elegant and rich language, exquisite and natural decoration, fresh and intimate words, and no vulgar words praising saints. It is a masterpiece of the word should be made.