The most prominent feature of this poem is that it expresses the protagonist's deep love for his lost sweetheart by using the technique of clever metaphor. It uses water, clouds and flowers in succession, and it is written in a tortuous and euphemistic way, with profound artistic conception and intriguing.
There are only four sentences in the whole poem, that is, three sentences are metaphorically used. One or two sentences, which come from surprises, are extremely high in metaphor, and it is almost impossible to understand the author's intention. "It used to be difficult for the sea to touch water". It comes from Mencius' "It is difficult for those who look at the sea to find water" and "Mencius' Dedicated Articles". On the surface, the poem says that if you have watched the vast sea, you will not see the small stream. It compares the sea with the river. The sea is vast, boundless and magnificent. The river is just a trickle that can be seen through when you lift your eyes. The artistic conception is profound and profound. However, this is only a superficial meaning, which also contains profound thoughts. The second sentence is to use the allusion of "Wushan Yunyu" in Song Yu's Gao Tang Fu. The preface to Gao Tang Fu says: In the Warring States Period, the "former king" of King Xiang of Chu (referring to Chu Huaiwang) once swam to the platform of Gao Tang, and "slept in the daytime, dreaming that a woman ... was willing to recommend a pillow mat, and Wang was lucky". This woman is the "daughter of Wushan". When she left the king of Chu, she said, "My concubine is in the sun of Wushan, but she is blocked by high hills. Dan is facing the clouds, and it is raining at dusk, and it is under the balcony. " When the king of Chu looked at it, it was as he said, so he set up a temple name for her, saying "Chaoyun". Obviously, Song Yu's so-called "Cloud of Wushan Mountain",-"Chaoyun", is just the incarnation of a goddess. On the surface, Yuan Zhen's so-called "forever amber" said: Except for the colorful clouds on Wushan Mountain, all other clouds are not worthy of observation. In fact, he skillfully used the allusion of "Chaoyun" and compared it to a beloved woman, fully expressing his sincere feelings for that woman. The poet shows that no other woman, even a beautiful woman, can touch his heart and win his favor and admiration. Only that woman can make him fall in love. Write passionately and implicitly.
The third sentence, "I'm lazy to look back at the flowers", is to compare flowers with people. That is to say, even if I walked into the blooming flowers, I didn't pay attention to the past and didn't bother to look back. Why doesn't he have the heart to watch the blooming flowers that meet his eyes? The fourth sentence "Half-edge Monarch and Half-edge Monarch" gave an answer. The implication is that he saw through the world and went to monasticism, which is one of the reasons. Secondly, because he lost her beloved, he never wanted to see other "flowers" again. Looking at the whole poem, it is not difficult to see that the reason for "taking the flowers to look back" is still because of the loss of "Jun". The theory of "half-edge monasticism" is just a evasive remark.
Ancient poetry critics once said that this poem was the author's mourning poem for Wei Cong, who once fell in love with him, or assumed that it was a self-portrayal of the poet's "intimate game with Yingying in the boudoir" (Bian Xiaoxuan's Chronicle of Yuan Zhen). All these statements lack historical data.
In this poem, the author uses various metaphors to express his deep affection for the female companion who once fell in love. The first three sentences are closely related to the theme and step by step, and the last sentence reveals the theme with the finishing touch. This kind of writing is focused, coherent, clearly visible, and has little emotional beating. Unlike some works in classical poetry, the emotional beating range is too large, and like the montage lens of a movie, it is almost invisible. For example. Xin Qiji's "Nian Nujiao" (Ye Tang Hua Luo) describes the complex feelings of nostalgia and yearning for the singer, and the emotional jump is particularly large. It suddenly wrote the "light farewell" of the past; Suddenly write today's "revisiting the old place", and the building is empty. Things are different, and suddenly he wrote a fantasy of the Ming Dynasty, "Seeing again before respecting, it is difficult to fold flowers in the mirror." Among them, many connections are omitted, and thoughts leap forward, which makes people look for it. Of course, this does not mean that the size of the emotional jump can be used as a criterion for evaluating the quality of a work. The word Xin Qiji is also a well-known masterpiece with high aesthetic value.
Among the classical poems describing love, there are many famous works which have always been loved by people, arousing people's admiration. For example, Wang Wei's "Acacia" poem: "when those red berries come in springtime, flushing on your southland branches, advise you to collect more, as a symbol of our love." It uses vivid red beans to symbolize beautiful and faithful love. Li Shangyin's poem "and the silk-worms of spring will weave until they die, and every night the candles will weep their wicks away" ("Untitled") uses a spirit of perseverance to express his heartfelt feelings for love, which will never change. The phrase "Once the sea was difficult for water, forever amber" is different from the love poems written by Wang and Li. It is a vivid metaphor of absolute affirmation and negation. To express sincere and single-minded love. Just because it is different, it can arouse the strong * * * of people who have lost their loved ones for various reasons. Someone wrote these two poems in literary works. Some people write them in letters to express their infatuation with each other. This fully shows that Yuan Zhen's poem has great influence and artistic appeal.
The exact writing date of this poem is unknown. It may be a self-portrait of the author's own life. It is said that the author first loved "Cui Yingying" and later had a new love. Therefore, some people think that Yuan Zhen is very frivolous in his love life, thus denying the due value of this poem "From Thinking". In my opinion, when we comment on the value of classical literature today, we can't take the author's private life as the standard to evaluate his literary works. Literary works often break through the author's ideological limitations, resulting in huge < P > social effects. When we evaluate Yuan Zhen's poem, we should also focus on its positive social effects and fully affirm its artistic value. Instead of contacting the author's private life, it should belittle its objective aesthetic significance.