Nineteen ancient poems: in terms of getting into the car.
Get back in the car and drive. It's a long walk.
Looking around, the east wind shakes the grass.
What happens for no reason? How can we not get old quickly?
The ups and downs are different, and it is not early to stand up.
Life is not a stone, how can we live longer?
Elections are materialized, and honor is precious.
translate
Turn around and drive far away. It's hard to get far away.
Along the way, the fields are vast and boundless, and the spring breeze blows up withered weeds.
Everything in front of us is strange, like the brilliance of grass. Why don't people get old too soon?
Herbs are different from life, but they are the same from prosperity to decline, so we must grasp them at once.
People are not as hard as stone, and their lives are fragile. Even if they live long, there is an end. How can they last?
Life is rapidly aging and dying, so we should make progress at once to maintain our reputation with Rong Lu.
Appreciate:
Poetry starts with scenery and expresses feelings about life. It's a long way back to the car, but when you look back, you can see the wilderness, and the wind is blowing in the east. This scene made the poets who didn't travel and didn't know where to drive the tax full of thoughts, so they made the following sentences, one sentence or two, and turned to the depths again and again. The sentence "meet" is the fulcrum from the scene to the emotion. Because I saw the sadness of Baicao, I felt that winter went and spring came, and the "old things" of the old year were completely shocking. Then how can we not be in a hurry to get old? This is the first feeling. Life is like grass, how to spend it? "The ups and downs are different, and it is not early to stand up." "Standing" means a lot from the above sentence "ups and downs". It refers to livelihood, fame, morality, career and all outstanding self-reliance. The poet said that in our short life, we should lose no time to show our glory. This is the poet's further thinking. But instead, I thought, "People and non-stones can stand the long test of life." Even if they stand early, they can't be as solid as stones. Isn't it illusory to stand up at this time? This is the poet's third idea. So what was the beginning? Only honor-reputation, when a person's body is naturalized, if you can still leave a little reputation for people to miss, then maybe this life is not worth it. Finally, the poet got this insight through repeated thinking.
When the ups and downs of the society in the late Han Dynasty lavished low-level soldiers, they all thought about the true meaning of life with one voice. Some sang "Why don't you aim high, follow the Tao first, do nothing to keep the poor and humble, and always suffer hardships" ("Nineteen Ancient Poems Today's Good Banquet"), showing the enthusiasm for the world; Others whispered: "It is mostly people's fault to seek immortality by eating food. It is better to drink clothes and cauliflower "(the same as" Driving East Gate "), which shows the decline of carpe diem. And this poet, willing to honor as a treasure, is out of self-discipline. Although he can't get rid of the centuries-old worries about the mysteries of life, by contrast, his thoughts are deeper and his style seems to be higher.
Obviously, this is a philosophical miscellaneous poem, but it is not only boring to read, but also full of emotions. Of course, on the one hand, it is because his thoughts are close to life and naturally approachable, which is different from the excessive abstraction of metaphysical poems in later generations. From the four levels of thinking, he can feel the poet's emotional rhythm change from repression to promotion, from promotion to repression, and then from repression to promotion. On the other hand, perhaps more importantly, the poet began to consciously or unconsciously come into contact with the truth that the realm of poetry is dominated by beauty, and reached an unprecedented new realm in the creation of scenery and the blending of scenes. The first four sentences of this poem have always been praised by people, so we might as well compare them with similar writing in the Book of Songs. He is separated from Xiaomi. He is a seedling of Xiaomi. The line is decadent and the center is shaken. Those who know me make me worry, and those who don't know me make me want. Oh, my God, who is this?
This poem "Li Shu" is a famous article in the Book of Songs. If it is not limited to the enlightenment theory of Chow Tai Fook's rural life thought, it is not difficult to see that this is also done by pedestrians. Compared with this poem, although the mechanism of expressing inner worries from the scenery is slightly closer, the brushwork of constructing the scenery is different. Li Shu uses reduplicated words such as "separation", "decadence" and "vacillation" to convey feelings and strengthen the atmosphere with natural voice, which is a typical simple and effective technique in the Book of Songs as an ancient poem. But this poem is more ingenious. "Go back and drive, and it's a long way. Looking around, the east wind shakes the grass. " The overlapping use of "mai", "you", "boundless", "shake", reduplicated words and monosyllables also renders the boundless sad atmosphere. However, it's not just the decline of sound, but the development from one point-"car" to a line-"long road" and even the whole face-"Gu Si" wilderness. Then, from the vast landscape to a "grass", the word "shake" not only vividly expresses the form of grass in the wind, but also conveys the god of spring grass in the wind. The delicate taste contains the poet's thinking and swaying mentality. Compared with the "central vacillation" in Li Shu, the word "vacillation" in this poem has already played an important role in exercising, so it is no wonder that predecessors have commented that this word "vacillation" is "the first time to see the sky". This kind of scenery construction and the development of refined words, as well as its pivotal role in the layout of the first "encounter" sentence, all slightly ridicule the characteristics of literati poetry. Tang Jiaoran's "Nineteen Poems" says: "Nineteen Poems are refined and elegant, written in chapters, and only then can they see their functions." (function is artistic conception), which is eye-catching; This poem is a good example for us to know the history of Jiao Ran's poetry.
Jiao Ran's thought of "first achievement" is very interesting, pointing out that the artistic conception of Nineteen Ancient Poems is still in the primary stage. In fact, the structure and practice of the first four sentences of this poem are still close to the poem "Su Li", but it is obviously much simpler and more natural than the poets in the Six Dynasties and the Tang Dynasty. For example, Lu Yun's answer to Dr. Zhang Ran: "It's getting more and more chaotic." . The waves are fierce and I hate the thin hills. "Looms are close, but more refined, but not smooth. If Ten Poems is "a scholar told an ordinary story" (Xie Zhen's Four Poems), then Lu Yun is a scholar. From Li Shu to this poem, and then to Lu Yun, we can clearly see the evolution of China's classical poetry, which is very suitable as an intermediary. Therefore, Lu Shiyong's "A Mirror of Ancient Poetry" said that "there are nineteen poems, which are called" wind "and" mother of poetry ".
The first hazy philosophical thinking about the purpose and meaning of life, the first hazy awakening to the essence of poetry and literature. These two "preliminary" poems may be the eternal artistic charm of this poem and even the complete set of "Nineteen Ancient Poems".