1. Recommend some classical Chinese texts suitable for the fifth grade, with explanations and not too long.
"Bo Ya Jue Xian"
Original text: Bo Ya is good at drums and harp, and Zhong Ziqi is good at listening. Boya played the harp and played the harp, aiming at high mountains. Zhong Ziqi said: "How good it is! It's as tall as Mount Tai!" His goal was on flowing water. Zhong Ziqi said: "How good it is. It's as vast as a river!" What Boya was thinking about, Zhong Ziqi said You must get it. Boya was traveling in the shadows of Mount Tai. He encountered a heavy rain and stopped at the foot of a rock. Feeling sad, he played the harp and drums. At first it was the movement of rain, but now it was the sound of mountains collapsing. Every time a piece of music is played, Zhong Ziqi is constantly exhausted. Boya abandoned his qin and sighed: "How good, how good! The son listens to his husband's will, and the imagination is still in my heart. Where can I escape?"
Text: Ya is good at playing the harp, and Zhongzi is good at it. Please listen well. Boya played the harp and played the harp, aiming at high mountains. Zhong Ziqi said: "How good it is! It's as tall as Mount Tai!" His goal was on flowing water. Zhong Ziqi said: "How good it is. It's as vast as a river!" What Boya was thinking about, Zhong Ziqi said You must get it. When Ziqi died, Boya said that there would be no more music in the world. He would break the strings of his harp and never play the drum again for the rest of his life.
Text translation: Boya is good at playing the piano, and Zhong Ziqi is good at listening. When Boya played the piano, he thought of the towering Mount Tai. Zhong Ziqi listened and exclaimed: "Great! The sound of the piano is like the towering Mount Tai!" When Boya played the piano, he thought of the surging rivers. Zhong Ziqi exclaimed. : "Okay, the sound of the piano is like an endless river!" Zhong Ziqi could accurately express what Boya was thinking. After Zhong Ziqi passed away, Boya believed that there was no one who knew him better than Zhong Ziqi in the world. So, he broke his beloved piano, cut off the strings, and never played the piano again for the rest of his life.
"The Son of the Yang Family"
The son of the Yang Family in the Liang Kingdom was nine years old and very intelligent and helpful. Kong Junping visited his father. When his father was not there, he called his son out. To set the fruit, the fruit has bayberry. Kong pointed to his son and said: "This is the fruit of your family." The son replied: "I have never heard that the peacock is the master's poultry."
Translation: In the Liang Kingdom, there was a family named Yang. I have a nine-year-old son who is very smart. One day, Kong Junping came to visit his father, but his father was not at home, so Kong Junping called the child out. The boy brought some fruit to Kong Junping, including bayberry. Kong Junping pointed to the myrica rubras with the smiles on his face and said: “This is your home fruit.” The child immediately replied: “I’ve never heard that the peacock is your home bird, sir.”
Xueyi< /p>
Original text: Today's game is about numbers, decimals; if you don't concentrate on it, you won't be able to do it. Yi Qiu is one of the best players in the country. He asked Yi Qiu to teach two people to play chess. One of them concentrated on the game, but Yi Qiu listened. Although the other listened, he thought that a swan was coming, and he wanted to shoot it with his bow. Although you have learned along with it, it seems that now you regard playing chess as a skill, it is a small skill; if you don't concentrate on it, you won't be able to master it. Yi Qiu is a national chess master. Someone asked him to teach two people to play chess. One of them concentrated on listening to Yi Qiu's words. Although the other person was also listening to Yi Qiu's teachings, he was thinking about swans flying in the sky. I wanted to draw an arrow and shoot it down. Although they studied together, the latter did not study as well as the former. Is it because his intelligence is not as good as others? Some people said: "It's not like that."
Enlightenment
Teaching two people to learn to play Go through Yi Qiu illustrates the principle that you must concentrate on doing things and never be half-hearted.
Why is he so wise? Said: Not so.
Northerners eat water chestnuts
Original text: Those who are born in the north and do not know water chestnuts will serve in the south. Eat water chestnuts on the table and eat them with the shells in your mouth. Or he said: "The shell must be removed to eat water chestnuts." The person guarded his shortcomings and said: "I don't know that the shell is used to clear away heat." The questioner asked: "Does this thing also exist in the northern land?" Answer Said: "There are mountains in front and mountains behind, there is no place like that!" The water chestnut is born in the water and is called a native product. This is a strong idea that I don't know.
Translation: There was a man in the north who had not known water chestnuts since he was born. He was an official in the south. (Once) he ate water chestnuts at a banquet. (The man) put the shell and the horns into his mouth to eat. Some people said: "You must remove the shell before eating water chestnuts." In order to cover up his shortcomings, the man said: "It's not that I don't know the reason why I eat it with the shell, but "I want to clear away heat and detoxify." The person who asked asked, "Is there such a thing in the north?" He replied, "Where is the mountain in front and behind it?" Water chestnuts grow in water, but they say they grow in soil. Yes, this is because he reluctantly treats what he doesn't know as he knows.
The reason why northerners eat water chestnuts
1. It grows in water but says it grows in soil. This is because he insists on saying that he knows what he doesn't know. It is a metaphor to protect its shortcomings and use strong words to make excuses.
2. People cannot understand everything, but they cannot pretend to understand. If you don't know how to pretend to understand, you will inevitably make a fool of yourself. Knowledge is endless, don't pretend to understand, otherwise you will make people laugh. 2. There should be as few as five ancient essays, suitable for fifth to sixth grade students in primary schools
1. The best is like water. Water is good for all things and does not need to be disputed. He is disliked by everyone, so he is close to the Tao. Live in a good place, have a good heart, be with good people, speak good words and have good faith, govern well, do good things and be able to do good things at the right time. The husband does not fight, so there is no need for you.
2. It is better to hold on and make a profit. If you pick it up and sharpen it, you can't keep it for a long time.
The hall is full of gold and jade, but no one can guard it. If you are proud of your wealth, you will suffer the consequences. Success, fame, and retirement are the ways of heaven.
3. The five colors make one blind; the five tones make one deaf; the five tastes make one's mouth refresh; hunting in the fields makes one's heart go crazy; rare goods hinder one's movement. This is because the sage is his belly and not his eyes, so he goes to that place and takes this one.
4. Confucius said: "Isn't it right to learn and practice it over time? Isn't it a joy to have friends come from afar? If a person doesn't know and is not stunned, isn't he a gentleman?"
5. In ancient times, those who wanted to show virtue to the world first governed their country. If you want to govern your country, you must first regulate your family. If you want to regulate your family, you must first cultivate your body. If you want to cultivate your body, you must first rectify your mind. If you want to correct your heart, you must first be sincere. If you want to be sincere, you must first know it. Knowledge lies in investigating things. 3. Ancient Chinese prose suitable for fifth to sixth grade primary school students (with notes and names)
Extracurricular reading and appreciation of ancient poetry and prose
The Book of Songs·Xiaoya - "Plucking Wei" [Excerpt] < /p>
In the past ① I left, and the willows followed ②. Now I am thinking about ③, it is raining and snowing ④.
Walking on the road ⑤ is delayed ⑥, carrying ⑦ thirst and hunger. My heart is sad, but I don't know how sad I am.
Notes: ① Past: refers to the time of war. ②Yiyi: lush appearance. ③Thinking: particle at the end of the sentence. ④Feifei: The snow is heavy. ⑤行道: Walk. ⑥Chichi: walking slowly. ⑦ contains: again. ⑧Mo: Can’t, can’t.
Da Tiezhui Biography [Excerpt] [Qing Dynasty] Wei Xi
When the rooster crows and the moon sets, the stars illuminate the wilderness, and people can be seen at a hundred paces. As the guests drove off, they blew several whistles. In a moment, more than twenty thieves on horseback gathered on all sides, and hundreds of followers on foot, carrying bows and arrows. A thief rushed towards the guest with a knife. The guest shouted and waved his spine. The thief immediately fell off his horse and the horse's head was split. The thieves circled in and attacked from left and right. The men and horses fell to the ground, killing about thirty people. The general of Song Dynasty held his breath and looked at it, his chest was about to fall. Suddenly I heard the guest shouting: "I'm leaving." The dust was billowing and galloping eastward. Then he never came again.
Wolf [Qing Dynasty] Pu Songling
Returning late after a slaughter, all the meat in the load was gone, and only the bones were left. On the way, two wolves traveled a long distance. Kill the fear and throw the bones. One wolf will be stopped by the bones, but the other wolf will still follow. If you throw it again, the wolf behind will stop and the wolf in front will come again. The bones are gone, but the two wolves are driving together as before. Tu Da was embarrassed and feared that he would be attacked from both front and rear. There is a wheat farm in Gu Ye, and the owner has accumulated salary in it, covering it into a mound with thatch. Tu Nai ran and leaned under him, holding his knife with his shoulders relaxed. The wolves did not dare to move forward and stared at each other. After a while, a wolf passed away. A dog sat in front of him. For a long time, his eyes seemed to be closed and his mind was very idle. Tu violently broke out, chopped the wolf's head with a knife, and killed it with several knives. After turning to look at the accumulated salary, there is a wolf hole in it, intending to tunnel in to attack the rear. The body is already halfway in, but the buttocks and tail are only exposed. After the slaughter, his buttocks were cut off and he was also killed. Before he realized it, the wolf pretended to be asleep and used it as a cover to lure the enemy. The wolf is also cunning! And two people were killed in an instant. The beasts were so deceitful that they only increased their laughter!
There was a butcher who came home late one night. All the meat in his load had been sold, leaving only some bones. I met two wolves on the road and followed them for a long distance. The butcher was frightened, so he picked up a piece of bone and threw it in front of him. One wolf got the bone and stopped, but the other wolf still followed. The butcher picked up another bone and threw it in the past. The wolf that got the bone last stopped, but the wolf that got the bone first came after the butcher. The bones had been thrown away, and the two wolves were chasing each other as usual. The butcher was very embarrassed, fearing that he might be attacked by a wolf together. There are wild to see Michael playing a game, and the masters of the field pile firewood in the wheat field to fight, forming a hill-like coverage. So Ben butcher in the past to rely on firewood pile under a pile of firewood, put down his burden and picked up the butcher's knife. The two wolves did not dare to move forward and stared at the butcher. After a while, one wolf walked away straight away, and the other wolf squatted in front like a dog. After a long time, the wolf's eyes seemed to be closed, and his expression was very leisurely. The butcher suddenly jumped up and chopped at the wolf's head with a knife, killing the wolf with several more chops. The butcher was about to start his journey when he turned to the back of the pile and saw another wolf digging holes in the pile of firewood, trying to get through and attack the butcher from behind. The wolf has got half of its body, with only the *** and tail exposed. The butcher cut off the wolf's hind legs from behind and killed the wolf as well. Then I realized that the wolf in front was pretending to be sleeping, which was actually used to lure the enemy. The wolves are too cunning, but two wolves were hacked to death in a moment. How many deception methods can the beasts have? It just adds laughter to people. 4. Inspirational essays are suitable for 5
The recommended article is "Shang Zhongyong" - warning everyone that no matter how smart or precocious a person is, if he does not learn in time, he will lose own innate advantages.
Original text: Fang Zhongyong, a citizen of Jinxi, lived in farming for generations. In the fifth year of Zhong Yongsheng's reign, he didn't even know the writing utensils, so he suddenly cried out for them. The father was different, so he borrowed something close to him and wrote four lines of a poem, giving him his own name. His poems are based on the idea of ??raising parents and bringing in the family, and they are passed on to the scholars in the township. It refers to those who write poems about things and their literary and scientific aspects are impressive. The people of the town were curious about him, and they invited his father for a little while, or begged him with coins. My father benefited from this, and Zhongyong paid homage to the people of the city, and did not let him learn.
I have heard about it for a long time. In the Ming Dynasty, when the ancestors returned home and saw them at the uncle's house, they were twelve or three years old. The poems written cannot be compared to those heard in the past. Seven years later, he returned from Yangzhou and went to his uncle's house to ask about it. Said: "Everyone is gone."
The prince said: Zhongyong's enlightenment is the heaven that accepts it. The heaven that accepts it is that the wise are far away from the talented people. If he dies for everyone, then he will not be punished by others.
The heaven that accepts it is like this, and it is a virtuous person who does not accept it, but it is for everyone; now, the heaven that does not accept it, is for everyone, and the people who do not accept it, it is just for everyone?
Translation:
Fang Zhongyong, a commoner in Jinxi, has been engaged in agricultural production for generations. Zhongyong grew up to five years old, but he didn't know writing instruments. One day he suddenly burst into tears and asked for these things. His father was surprised and borrowed them from a neighbor. Zhongyong immediately wrote four lines of poetry and signed his name after the poem. This poem, with the content of supporting parents and uniting people of the same clan, was circulated among the outstanding intellectuals in the township to watch. From then on, as long as someone asked him to write poems about something, he could write it immediately. The literary grace and truth of the poems are worthy of appreciation. His fellow countrymen were surprised and gradually treated his father like a guest; some even offered money for Zhong Yong's poems and asked him to write poems for him. His father thought it was profitable, so he forced Zhongyong to visit his fellow villagers every day and refused to let him study.
I've been hearing this for a long time. During the Ming Dynasty, I followed my late father back to his hometown and met him at my uncle's house. At that time, he was already twelve or thirteen years old. Ask him to write poems, but the poems he writes can no longer match the previous rumors. Another seven years later, I came back from Yangzhou and went to my uncle's house again. I asked about Fang Zhongyong and replied: "His uniqueness has disappeared and he has become an ordinary person."
Wang Anshi Said: Fang Zhongyong’s wisdom and understanding were innate. His talent is much better than that of ordinary talented people; but in the end he becomes an ordinary person because the education he received has not met the requirements. He was so gifted that he did not receive normal acquired education and yet he became an ordinary person. So, now those people who are not born smart but are ordinary people and do not receive acquired education, how can they become ordinary people? Is that over yet?
Another article is "Preface to Prince Teng's Pavilion" by Wang Bo of the Tang Dynasty. This is an excellent work describing the scenery, and there is a sentence in it, "The east corner has passed, and the mulberry trees are not late." I personally like it very much. , warns everyone not to live in meaningless regrets and entanglements about wasted time, but to seize the moment. 5. Extracurricular poetry suitable for fifth grade primary school students
Qingming (Tang) Du Mu (mù) ) During the Qingming Festival, it rains heavily, and during the Qingming Festival, it happens to be drizzled, and pedestrians on the road feel like they are dying.
Pedestrians on the road felt even more depressed. May I ask where the restaurant is? I asked the shepherd boy where there was a restaurant. The shepherd boy pointed to Xinghua Village.
He pointed to the small Xinghua Village in the distance. Spring in the South of the Yangtze River (Tang Dynasty) Du Mu The oriole crows thousands of miles away and the green is reflected in the red. The cries of birds in the south of the Yangtze River are reflected in the green grass and red flowers. The wine flags in the mountains and rivers in the water village are blown by the wind.
Wine flags are flying everywhere in the waterside villages and the city walls at the foot of the mountains. There are more than 480 ancient temples left over from the Southern Dynasties, and many towers are in the mist.
Countless buildings were shrouded in wind, smoke, clouds and rain. Le Youyuan (Tang Dynasty) Li Shangyin felt unwell in the evening and felt depressed at dusk, so he drove to Guyuan.
Driving to the outskirts of Guyuan. The sunset is infinitely beautiful, the sunset is brilliant and infinitely beautiful, but it is almost dusk.
It’s a pity that it’s almost dusk. Bee ( ) Luo Yin Regardless of whether it is flat land or mountain tops, the infinite scenery is occupied.
The infinite scenery is monopolized by bees when they collect flowers and make nectar. After gathering honey from hundreds of flowers, it works hard to collect the honey from hundreds of flowers. For whom does it work hard and for whom is it sweet? Who are you sending sweetness to? Children's Fishing (Tang Dynasty) Hu Lingneng A child with a shaggy head learns fishing, A child with a shaggy head learns how to fish as an adult, sitting sideways with berries (méi) and moss (tāi) grass reflected in his body.
Sitting sideways on the berry moss, his figure hidden in the wild grass. Passersby asked for directions and waved from a distance. When I heard a passerby asking for directions, I quickly waved from a distance, fearing that I would be shocked and not respond.
The fish did not dare to answer loudly for fear of startling it. Fishermen on the River (Song Dynasty) Fan Zhongyan People who come and go on the river, People who come and go on the river love the beauty of sea bass.
We all like to eat delicious seabass. Look at the boat. But please look at the boat that is bumping on the water like a leaf, in and out of the storm. Up and down in the crests and troughs of the waves, appearing and disappearing.
Yuan Day (Song Dynasty) Wang Anshi The sound of firecrackers drives away the old year, the sound of firecrackers has driven away the old year, and the spring breeze brings warmth to Tu (tú) Su. The spring breeze brings warm drinks to Tusu to avoid misfortunes and seek blessings.
Thousands of households welcome the rising sun of the first month, always replacing old charms with new ones. Always replace the old peach charm with a new door god.
Boarding at Guazhou (Song Dynasty) Wang Anshi Jingkou and Guazhou are separated by water. Jingkou and Guazhou are on both sides of the Yangtze River respectively, and Zhongshan is only separated by several mountains. Looking back, Zhongshan’s house is only separated by a few layers of mountains.
The spring breeze has turned green the south bank of the Yangtze River again. The spring breeze has blown green the shore thousands of miles south of the Yangtze River again. When will the bright moon shine on me again? When will the bright moon shine on me and I return home? Mr. Shu Huyin's Bi (Song Dynasty) Wang Anshi The thatched eaves (yán) are long and swept clean without moss. The courtyard of the thatched house is often swept and is clean without a trace of moss.
Flowers and trees are planted by hand.
There are rows of flowers, plants and trees all over the border, all planted by the owner himself.
A stream of water protects the fields and surrounds them with green. A small river outside the courtyard protects the farmland and surrounds the green fields. Two mountains with rows of gates (tà) bring greenery. Two green mountains opened the door, bringing in the green mountain scenery.
Drunken Book at Wanghu Tower on June 27th (Song Dynasty) Su Shi Black clouds rolled over the ink but did not cover the mountains. Dark clouds rolled like splashed ink but did not cover the mountains. White raindrops jumped into the boat. White flowers and raindrops jumped on board like pearls.
A strong wind swept over the ground and suddenly blew away the rain. The water under Wanghu Tower was like the sky. After the storm, looking at the lake below, the water and sky are sparkling.
Drinking on the Lake at First Sunny and Later Rain by Su Shi (Song Dynasty) The water shines brightly (liàn) and the clear sky is good. The water ripples flash and the scenery is charming on a clear day. The mountains are hazy (méng) and the rain makes them wonder. The mountains look magical even in the mist and mist.
If you want to compare the West Lake to Xizi, if you compare the West Lake to the beauty Xi Shi, it is always suitable to wear light makeup and heavy makeup (mǒ). She is always beautiful no matter whether she has light makeup or heavy makeup.
Hui (huì) Chongchun River Late (Song Dynasty) Su Shi (shì) Three or two branches of peach blossoms outside the bamboo forest, Two or three branches of peach blossoms have just bloomed outside the bamboo forest, Ducks are prophets of the warm water in the spring river. Ducks in the warm water of the river are the first to feel the breath of spring.
The ground is covered with wormwood and wormwood, but the reed buds are short. The wormwood and wormwood are all over the ground and the reeds have just sprouted. It is the time when the puffer fish (tún) is about to come up. This is when the pufferfish are about to move up the tide.
Title on the West Forest Wall by Su Shi (Song Dynasty) It looks like a ridge from the side and a peak from the side. It looks like a winding mountain from the side and a steep peak from the side. It has different heights near and far. It looks different from far and near, high and low.
I don’t know the true face of Mount Lu. The reason why I can’t know the true face of Mount Lu is just because I am in this mountain. Just because I am in this deep mountain with many mountains.
Summer Quatrains (Song Dynasty) Li Qingzhao Live as a hero, live as a hero among men, and die as a ghost. After death, one should be a hero among ghosts. I still miss Xiang Yu. Why do people still miss Xiang Yu and refuse to cross Jiangdong?
Just because he was unscrupulous and returned to Jiangdong secretly. Shi'er (Song Dynasty) Lu You I know that everything is empty after death. I know that everything is empty after death, but the sadness is not the same as that of Jiuzhou.
I just lament that I cannot see the unification of Kyushu. On the day when the king's army set the Central Plains in the north, and the army of the Song Dynasty regained the Central Plains, the family sacrifices did not forget to tell Nai Weng.
Don’t forget to sue my deceased soul during family sacrifices. Catalog of extracurricular ancient poems for fifth graders 1. Qing Ping Le……………………. (Song Dynasty) Xin Qiji The eaves are low and the grass is green on the stream.
Wu Yin is very charming when she is drunk, but who is the old lady with gray hair? The eldest son is hoeing beans to the east of the stream, while the middle son is weaving a chicken coop.
My favorite child is a scoundrel, lying at the head of the stream peeling off lotus pods. ) 2. The ugly slave……………… (Song Dynasty) Xin Qiji The young man does not know the feeling of sorrow, and falls in love with the upper floors.
Falling in love with the upper floor, forcing myself to express my sorrow in order to compose new words. Now that I know all the sorrow, I still want to say it.
I wanted to stop talking, but I said that Xinliang is a good autumn. 3. Early Plum Blossoms…………………… (Tang Dynasty) Zhang said that a tree with cold plum blossoms and white jade strips stands very close to the village road and the creek bridge.
I don’t know if the water blooms first, but I suspect it’s because of the lingering winter snow. 4. Spring Hope…………………… (Tang Dynasty) Du Fu The country is broken by mountains and rivers, and the city has deep spring vegetation.
I shed tears when I am grateful for the flowers, and I hate others and scare the birds. The war rages on for three months, and a letter from home is worth ten thousand gold.
The white-headed scratches are shorter, and the lust is overwhelming. 5. Wangyue………………. (Tang Dynasty) Du Fu How about Dai Zongfu? Qilu is still young.
The nature is beautiful, and the yin and yang are divided into the dusk. Zeng Yun is born in the chest, and the returning bird enters the canthus.
From the top of the mountain, you can see all the mountains and small mountains at a glance. 6. Shui Tiao Ge Tou…………………… (Song Dynasty) Su Shi When will the bright moon come, ask the blue sky for wine.
I wonder what year it is today in the palace in the sky? I want to ride the wind back home, but I'm afraid of the beautiful buildings and jade buildings. It's too cold at high places. Dance and clear the shadow, how does it seem to be in the human world! Turn to the Zhu Pavilion, look down at the Qihu, and the light will make you sleepless.
There should be no hatred, why should we be reunited when we say goodbye? People have joys and sorrows, separations and reunions, and the moon waxes and wanes. This has never been the case in ancient times. I hope that people will live long and travel thousands of miles to meet Chanjuan.
7. Chanting orchids……………….