Why are the four famous buildings in ancient Chengdu the first on the fourth floor and also listed as national famous buildings?

At the intersection of Baihuatan Park and Qintai Road in Chengdu, there is a carved pavilion near the water, which is four stories high, with octagonal cornices and bamboo walls. Many people pass by here. On the nights of many major festivals, the lights inside and outside the pavilion building are on, looking at the river, resplendent and magnificent. It is a well-known landmark building in the history of Chengdu: Scattered Flower Building. The most famous record of Scattered Flowers Building comes from Li Bai's "Scattered Flowers Building in Dengjincheng", which is located at the head of Rizhao Jincheng. Gold window embroidered door, silver hook hanging bead foil. I'm worried about my eyes on the ladder of green clouds and clouds. The rain flows in the Three Gorges at dusk, and the spring river flows around Shuangliu. Now, there is still a stone engraved with this poem in the grass next to the Scattered Flower Building. Sanhua Building is not only a world-famous building, but also known as "Four Famous Buildings in Chengdu" with Zhangyi Building, Dexian Building and West Building, ranking first on the fourth floor and also having a place among famous buildings in China. However, when was such a famous scattered flower building built? Who built it? To find out the source of the scattered flower building, we have to start with mó hē chí. One hundred years ago, at the junction of Chengdu Dongcheng Gen Street and Shi Yang Street, a piece of water was quietly filled up and became a martial arts field. People at that time didn't realize that they were filling in the last trace of a lake in Chengdu. This lake is called Maha Pool. In the history of 1300 years, the Maha Pool greeted Du Fu and sent Li Bai away. It was expanded by Meng Changjun, the king of the later Shu Dynasty, and was taken back by Ming Chengzu to build a palace. In the 3000-year history of Chengdu, the Maha Pool has existed for nearly half of the time. Under this lake, too much history of Chengdu is buried. In 585 AD, Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty sent his son Yang Xiu to Shu to rebuild the "sub-city" left by Zhang Yi when he was in Chengdu. The pit left by borrowing soil is slowly filled with rain and groundwater. According to Lu Qiu's "Chengdu Ji" in Tang Dynasty, a monk from the western regions saw this water surface and said "Maha Palace Piluo" in Sanskrit. Maha means grand palace, and Pyro is a dragon. This lake is vast, like a hidden dragon, hence the name Mahachi. At this time, the water surface of the Maha pool is about 500 mu, and only natural rainwater can be stored. By the Tang Dynasty, the urban water conservancy in Chengdu had been fully developed. Wei Gang, the envoy of Jiannan, dug a river in Taikooli, which is now Daci Temple, and named it Xie Yuxi, which is connected with the Maha Pool. More than 60 years later, our Xichuan envoy dug the Jinshui River and drained the river in the west of the city into the city. Since then, the Maha Pool is no longer a stagnant pool. Its source is continuously injected with living water from Dujiangyan water system. After filling the Maha pool, it flows into the Youzi River-today's Fuhe River along the oblique Yuxi. In Du Fu's time, the Maha Pool was already a tourist attraction for people to row boats on it. Du Fu came to Mahachi from Huanhuaxi Caotang, and the scenery changed. He wrote in the poem "Boating with Duke Zheng of Yan State in the Late Autumn": "The wind wakes up in a hurry, and the ship returns to the fog to start the embankment ... Don't surprise the egrets to stay in Qingxi as a companion." After Chang succeeded to the throne, he ordered hibiscus to be planted around the city. Every September, flowers bloom and are as red as a splendid city. Chengdu, also known as Rongcheng, got its name. Meng Chang expanded the Maha Pool again, covering today's exhibition hall, sports center and * * street, from 500 mu to 1 1,000 mu. Schematic diagram of the location of Maha Pool in the late Tang Dynasty (the original picture is taken from Textual Research on Fangcheng Monument in Chengdu). Chengdu Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology/Photo courtesy At this time, many buildings for the royal family to relax and climb the mountains and look far are gradually opening up, so there is the "Scattered Flower Building, which was built by Shu on the Maha Pool", and the building standing on the Maha Pool is the Scattered Flower Building. Sanhua Building is obviously located on the Maha Pool. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Chengdu Annals and Chengdu County Annals all said that Sanhualou was in the Ming Dynasty, and these were all in the area of Huangchengba, obviously in the center of Chengdu. Scattered flowers building is not a "tower", its name comes from "scattered flowers". It is also a goddess who scatters flowers. According to the Buddhist "Avalokitesvara Sutra", there was a woman in Vimala's room who sprinkled smallpox on all the bodhisattvas, but they all fell down, not even the big disciple. "The goddess said," "I haven't learned enough. I wear ears." The following is a story about testing Buddhist disciples through scattered flowers, which means that the building is tall and beautiful, and it can be described as the unity of heaven and man, which is wonderful. Sanhua Building, which is integrated with Baihuatan Park, is a royal pond garden in former Shu and later Shu, and Machac has ushered in its heyday. Spring water is blue, autumn water is like a mirror; Lotus leaves sway in summer and drizzle in winter. In one season, there are beautiful women, Meng Chang and the absolutely charming Mrs. Hua Rui, who spend all their time in the Maha Pool. Li Bai was only twenty-one years old when he wrote the famous "Scattered Flowers in Jincheng". He described in the poem, if interpreted, the general idea is this: the red sun shines high on the head of the golden crown city, and the morning glow dyes the scattered flowers. The windows upstairs are shining with golden light, and the paintings on the doors are as beautiful as gold and silver. The door curtain made of pearls hangs on the silver hook, and the stairs where Lingyun wants to fly rise from the trees. Standing on the roof, looking around, all the emotions of grief and indignation are swept away, the hazy dusk drizzle floats to the Three Gorges, and the spring water all over the river surrounds Shuangliu City. Come here to climb the stairs today. It's just a nine-day trip. After more than 30 years, Li Bai, who is over 500 years old, still remembers to write a poem about the scattered flower building in the Song of the Emperor's Journey to Nanjing: Although there are forest gardens in the north, there are still scattered flower buildings in Nanjing. Shanglinyuan is one of the most famous gardens in ancient times. It can be compared with Shanglinyuan, which shows the beauty of the scattered flower building and Li Bai's nostalgia for it. After Meng Changjun, Machac lost its status as a royal garden, but it is still a paradise for Chengdu people. However, at the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, Mongolian soldiers invaded Chengdu three times, and the urban water system was seriously damaged, and Mahaqi also went to born to die. 1385, Chun Zhu, the Ming emperor, filled up most of the Maha Pool and built the Shu Palace on the former site of Houshu Palace. 1685, Gong Yuan was built on the site of Shu Wangfu in the capital of Qing Dynasty. When countless talented people in Shu struggled for fame, they would not have thought that the land under their feet was once a blue lake. At this time, there was only a part of the water surface in the northwest corner of the Maha Pool, but it had already been rebuilt and there was no landscape when it was restored. By 19 14, the last lake of Machac Lake was finally filled up. The natural scattered flower building has disappeared, and it is said that it was destroyed by the war in the late Ming Dynasty. Even after the first generation of scattered flowers, there is a second generation of scattered flowers, and there is still no trace to be found. In the 1990s, the Huanhuaxi Scenic Area Office in Chengdu applied for rebuilding the Scattered Flower Building, which is the third generation. Built on the edge of Baihuatan Park, it is a four-story tower with a height of16.3m and a construction area of 300m2. Now, walking at the end of Qintai Road, you can see a patchwork of flower houses, which are built by the water. It's just that there is a lock at the door, so tourists can't get in. They can only see some traces such as stairs through the window. The owner of the canteen next door said that the scattered flower building was opened, but it hasn't reopened for a long time, and the doors are usually closed. It is said that there are some old stories about the new Sanhualou. Just a few years ago, although Sanhualou had an external padlock, the owner of an open-air tea shop could quietly unlock it, buy a cup of tea and go upstairs to have a cup of tea and see the scenery. Later, when the news came out, it was discovered that he had signed a lease contract, but it had expired. This kind of illegal behavior is also prohibited. After the reconstruction, the style of Sanhua Building is no longer the same as the year before, and the door is locked. The world can't climb the mountain to see the red sun like Li Bai, but we can only find the shadow of the scattered flowers building from his poems. Text | Feng, Kyle Picture | Fei Yi, vision china Editor | Tunxi Producer | Wang Hong