Zhang shunmin
Under the leaves of the wood, there is boundless empty water. Pour ten times to make you look beautiful. I am not a Westerner in Weicheng, and I don't sing "Yangguan".
Drunk sleeves caress the dangerous aperture, and the sky is light and the clouds are idle. Who survived this road? Looking back at sunset, it should be Chang 'an.
Note that in Yuanfeng, Zhang Shunmin marched from Gao Zunyu to Xixia, but failed. At that time, he was in charge of confidential words and wrote frontier poems. In the winter of Yuanfeng's fifth year, Richard, a transfer judge, illegally played a role and was supervised by Chenzhou tea, salt and wine tax. He traveled south to Yueyang, Hunan, and wrote two poems "Selling Flowers". This word is one of them.
8. What kind of scenery does one or two sentences of the word describe? What's the role? Combined with content analysis. (5 points)
This topic examines the ability to appreciate the scenic images of ancient poems, and the ability level is D (appreciation and evaluation).
Answer and analytical answer: one or two sentences of the word are written in Dongting Lake, and the autumn water is the same color as the sky, which is boundless; In the autumn wind, thousands of trees wither, and leaves fall in succession on Junshan Mountain (1). Use fallen leaves in Dongting and misty water (1) to outline a bleak scene, render a bleak atmosphere (1), and set off the author's sad mood at that time (1).
Analysis: This is one of the most common problems. Including scenery, emotion and environment. Three aspects are indispensable when answering questions.
We can understand what the author's intention and feelings are by refining the characters that describe the characteristics of the characters, excavating the inner character and spirit of the characters, and grasping the meeting point between the object and the voice.
9. What emotion does this word express? How is it expressed? Please briefly elaborate. (6 points)
This topic examines the ability to appreciate the emotion of the author of ancient poetry, and the ability level is D (appreciation and evaluation).
Answer and analytical answer: (1) A sad and sad state of mind living in rivers and lakes (1); The first two sentences contain the feelings in the scene (1 min). (2) Disgraced resentment (1): four or five sentences, combining the bitterness of self-mockery with the long-suppressed sadness, the sadness is beyond words; The sentence "Who survived this journey" summed up the fate of many immigrants throughout the ages, and also poured out the poet's voice, bearing endless sorrow and the pain of being demoted (one point can be obtained by analysis 1 point). (3) Looking back at Chang 'an, the last two sentences describe the poet's nostalgia for his hometown (1) and his expectation for the king (1).
Analysis: To solve this problem, it is necessary to find hidden but meaningful keywords to infer and imagine the author's emotions.
To appreciate the thoughts and feelings of ancient poetry writers, the following items should be implemented one by one. (1) Understand the meaning of words. We should firmly establish the concept of understanding the meaning of words in combination with specific contexts; ② Grasp the structural level of poetry. A poem is mostly composed of several layers of meaning. Even short poems such as quatrains and metrical poems can be divided into several levels (usually two sentences at a level). After decomposition, it is easy to understand poetry accurately and grasp the poet's emotions. After stratification, we should also consider how to transform the poetry between layers, that is, how to transition and connect; ③ Mastering the rhetorical methods and expressive skills commonly used in poetry; (4) Appreciate the artistic conception depicted in the poem and the feelings expressed by the poet.
Poetry appreciation
Zhang Shunmin, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, was an imperial adviser and was demoted because of party struggle. This word was written by Yuan Feng in six years (1083) when he demoted Chenzhou to Yueyang Tower.
Yueyang Tower is located in the west gate of Yueyang City, Hunan Province, facing Dongting Lake and water. It is one of the famous buildings in the south of China, which is as famous as Dongting Lake and Yueyang Tower. It is said that this was once the place where Lu Su, the general of the Three Kingdoms, trained the navy. In the fourth year of Tang Kaiyuan (7 16), it was said that the building was built in Yuezhou and rebuilt in the fifth year of Song Dynasty (1045) when it was stationed in Baling County. Fan Zhongyan was invited to write The Story of Yueyang Tower, which made him famous. After the ancients boarded this building, they left many famous works, among which the poems were magnificent. Meng Haoran's "Clouds and Clouds Trapped Yueyang City" (hereinafter referred to as "Dongting Lake to Prime Minister Zhang") and Du Fu's "There is Wu in the east and Chu in the south, and you can see the world drifting endlessly" (hereinafter referred to as "Climbing Yueyang Tower") were handed down from generation to generation. This poem by Zhang Shunmin should be a masterpiece of Yueyang Tower.
The sentence "Autumn wind blows, leaves fall under Junshan Mountain, and there is boundless empty water" is transformed from Qu Yuan's "The Lady of Chu Ci Xiang": the waves in Dongting Lake fall under the leaves. In just two sentences, it presents a bleak scene: Dongting Lake, the autumn water is long and boundless; In the autumn wind, all the trees withered and the leaves fell on Junshan. Junshan is an island in Dongting Lake, also known as Dongting Mountain. Legend has it that Princess Xiang Jun of Yu Shun visited here, hence the name. I stand on Yueyang Tower and have a bird's eye view of Junshan, but I may not be able to see the fallen leaves. This is probably a feeling that the author was frustrated at that time. He linked his situation with the fallen leaves. If so, this scene language is also the language of love.
I pour wine to make my face look good. At this time, the author has moved from the front of the building to the interior. A singer is pouring a glass of wine all over the floor, smiling, and planning to sing a famous farewell song "Three Chapters of Yangguan" for his guests. However, the author disagreed, because he was not a Westerner in Weicheng, so he didn't sing "Yangguan". I'm not Wang Wei's farewell in Weicheng, but a guest who is about to move south, so don't sing. This is a superficial statement, but it is full of the author's helplessness, bitterness and indignation.
Next, the drunken sleeve caresses the dangerous bar, and the sky is light and the clouds are idle. This is the time when the author came to the building again with a little drunkenness. He held the railing of the tall building and looked into the distance. I saw the pale sky and white clouds fluttering leisurely. The author's thoughts can't help but suddenly start with the fluttering white clouds: who survived this journey? Lingnan area was called a lonely place in ancient times and became the exile place of relegated officials in previous dynasties. When Li Deyu, the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty, was demoted to Hainan, there was a poem: Travel a thousand miles, but never return. Where is Asia? Sick and sick. At this time, the author must have thought of the fate of the former literati and his own fate, before he issued such a shocking sigh. The last two sentences, looking back at the sunset, should be Chang 'an. This is from Bai Juyi's poem "Yueyang Tower": the spring shore is more dreamy when it is green, and it is near Chang 'an when the waves are red at night. Chang 'an refers to Bianjing in the Song Dynasty. Looking back at the sunset, the author thinks about his old country, with both unspeakable resentment and infinite attachment. The meaning is pun intended, which is intriguing.