Author: Li Bai
The cost of pure wine, gold cup, a hip flask of 10 thousand copper, jade plate worth 10 thousand dollars.
I threw the food bar and cup aside. I couldn't eat or drink. I pulled out my dagger. I peeped in four directions in vain.
I want to cross the Yellow River, but the ice blocked the ferry; I want to climb the Taihang Mountain, but the sky is covered with snow.
I came to fish and sit on the stream, but I suddenly dreamed of driving a boat and sailing towards the sun.
It's hard to walk, it's hard to walk, a lot of roads, and today's safety.
One day, I will ride the wind and waves, raise the Yun Fan and cross the sea. "It's hard to go to heaven" is an ancient theme of Yuefu, which often laments the hardships of the world and the poverty and loneliness. Li Bai's group poem Difficult to Walk mainly expresses his feelings about the lack of talents. Here is the first poem. There is no lack of heroism in grief and indignation, but there is still hope in setbacks.
Poetry begins with narration and gradually transitions to lyricism. It begins with an extremely exaggerated brushwork, which reads "Golden sake" and "Precious jade plate", as if to create a joyful banquet atmosphere, as if it were a "toast song". But there are three or four sentences that turn sharply and suddenly say, "I throw the food bar and cup aside, I can't eat or drink, I pull out my dagger, and I peep in four directions in vain"! Such a strong contrast shows the poet's inner sadness. Good wine is hard to swallow when you are depressed. The sixth poem "Difficult to Imitate" written by Bao Zhao, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, begins with: "You can't eat the case, but draw your sword and strike the column with a sigh." Li Bai obviously used this poem, but added "contrast" and wrote mourning with music scenes, which strengthened the degree of mourning. So, what is the poet's sorrow for? The answer is vague, hazy and full of "poetry". "I would like to cross the Yellow River, ice ferry, Taihang Mountain snow", which is a kind of melancholy for no reason, a kind of confusion at a loss. The poet wrote the hardships of the world in vivid language, which contained infinite sadness. Although the road to reality is bumpy and dangerous, the dream is still there and the ideal is still there. How much the poet hopes to see Zhou Wenwang at the age of 80 and show his talents like Jiang Taigong; Like Yi Yin, the dream of going to the "edge of the sun" by boat is of great significance to the world today. But there is a distance between ideal and reality. Ideal can't conquer reality, and reality refuses to agree with ideal. This kind of pain is intertwined in the poet's heart, and he finally issued a "difficult to walk!" The journey is very hard and there are many roads. Is it safe now? " Sigh. At the end of the poem, it was aroused in depression, which strengthened the confidence of "breaking the wind and waves" and revived the courage to sail in the sea.
This poem is full of metaphors. The use of Yuefu ancient poems to express feelings has the charm of generous elegy, and the implicit expression and image description of the poet's political pursuit make the poems more confusing. Li Bai is not ambitious. He takes famous figures such as Guan Zhong and Yan Ying as his self-portraits. He wanted to assist the emperor and make a great career, "enlarge the atlas area and make Hai Xian County clear". The next best thing is that, like his compatriots Sima Xiangru and Yang Xiong, he made a sensation with an article about Ci Fu used by the emperor. He left Shu at the age of twenty-four, "serving the country with his sword, leaving his relatives to travel far away" and spent most of his life wandering. It was not until he was 42 years old that he got a letter of appointment from Hanlin. Two years later, he was forced to leave Beijing. Considering poetry, this poem should be Li Bai's work when he went to Chang 'an to ask for an official position. Therefore, it is not only the language of indignation, but also the ambition to "break the waves."
"Difficult to Go" and Jason Wu's "Interpretation of Yuefu Ancient Poems" said: "As the saying goes, things are unpredictable, and the sadness of parting is headed by' not seeing your husband'. "Bao Zhao, a poet in the Southern Dynasties, wrote eighteen poems" It is really difficult to imitate ",some of which are masterpieces handed down from generation to generation. Li Bai's old Yuefu poems inherited Bao Zhao's artistic tradition, expressed his resentment after political setbacks, and revealed his ideals and wishes.
The whole poem can be divided into three layers, each with four sentences. On the first floor, the poet was faced with such exquisite food as "golden wine" and "jade plate and shame", but he couldn't swallow it because his heart was full of unsolvable troubles. He drew his sword and struck the column (all the books are Four Considerations, and one is Mishitting the Column). The phrase "Stop drinking" comes from Bao Zhao's "It's difficult to do it" (the sixth time), "You can't eat the case, draw your sword and strike the column with a sigh", but it is shine on you and better than blue. "Stop casting" is more vivid than "dialogue", and "empty heart" can show the feeling of being at a loss more deeply than "long sigh", which echoes the following "multiple ways". The second layer closely follows the poetry of the upper class, gives a positive description of "difficult to walk" and writes the political reasons for "looking at nothing". The first two sentences use the metaphor of "ice blocking Sichuan" and "snow covering mountains" to show that a person's career path is blocked and he can't realize the ideal of saving the world and the people. Zhu Jian, an Amin, said: "The Yellow River and Taihang Mountain are the intersection of land and water and the road to the world. Do you want to cross the Yellow River? Then the ice jam can't pass; Do you want to go to Taihang? Then the snow is full and I can't climb up. " (Selected Works of Shi Li, Volume II) Indeed, this poem is difficult to travel on land and water, and it is difficult for traitors to govern. The world is hard to bear, and the meaning is clear. In the last two sentences, I used two allusions to express my desire for historical figures to be suddenly reused. The word "leisure" was used to fishing in Weihe River before Jiang went to the temple. See Volume 17 of Zhu for details; The sentence of "sudden reply" in Yi Yin Zheng Dian is recorded in Fu Rui's book of Song Dynasty: Yi Yin dreamed that he passed by the sun and the moon by boat before meeting Shang Tang, and was later reused by Shang Tang. Jiang Shang and Yi Yin happened to meet a wise God, which undoubtedly injected hope into the poet's confused heart. However, when his thoughts returned to real life, he felt that things were difficult and he was at a loss. Therefore, he repeatedly recited "It's hard to walk" in four or three sentences, with a short rhythm and a low tone, and sang endless worries and anxieties in response to the poem "Knocking on the post and being at a loss" above. After all, the poet still has a glimmer of hope for the future. So the last two sentences, with a stroke of a pen, expressed his belief and pursuit: one day, he can ride the wind and waves, break through obstacles, cross the sea and realize his grand ideal. Poetry in Tang and Song Dynasties thinks that this poem is "not determined to go", so it is inferred that it was written at the beginning of its release, that is, when Tianbao left Chang 'an three years ago. It is reasonable to expound the whole poetic thought.
Although this poem is not long, it has the characteristics of long poetry momentum, that is, jumping and ups and downs. Through ingenious artistic conception, the poet alternately changes disappointment and hope, frustration and efforts, and then appropriately uses long and short sentences and exclamations, which properly reflects the psychological process of the poet's emotional alternation and his complex mentality of depression, confusion, indignation, self-confidence and persistent pursuit.