White rocks emerge from Jingxi River, and red leaves are scarce in the cold weather. ——Wang Wei of the Tang Dynasty, "In the Mountains" White rocks emerge from Jingxi River, and the red leaves are sparse in the cold weather. White rocks emerge from Jingxi River, and the red leaves are sparse in the cold weather.
There is no rain on the mountain road, and the sky is green and people's clothes are wet. Autumn, travel notes and scenery translation and annotations
Translation
The Jingxi River flows through the sparkling white rocks, the weather becomes cold and the red leaves fall sparsely.
There was no rain on the winding mountain road, but the green mountain color was so thick that it seemed to wet people's clothes. Appreciation
This short poem describes the mountain scenery in early winter based on what the poet saw and felt when he was traveling in the mountains.
The first sentence writes about streams in the mountains. Jingxi, whose real name is Changshui, also known as Chanshui, originates from the Qinling Mountains in the southwest of Lantian County, Shaanxi Province, flows north to the northeast of Chang'an and joins the Ba River. What is written here is probably the upper reaches of the mountain. Mountain roads often run next to streams. When hiking, it is easy to first notice the winding and clear streams that seem to accompany people. The weather is cold, the water is shallow, the mountain stream turns into a trickle, and the phosphorus white stone is exposed, which looks particularly light and lovely. By capturing the main characteristics of a mountain stream in the cold winter, readers can not only imagine its clear and crystal clear color, its winding shape, but even seem to hear its gurgling sound.
The second sentence writes about the red leaves in the mountains. The gorgeous frost-leafed mangroves are a characteristic of Akiyama. As winter gets colder, the red leaves become scarce; this was originally a less eye-catching sight. But for a poet and painter like Wang Wei who is particularly sensitive to the colors of nature, on a rich mountain background (this can be seen from the next two sentences), there are a few red leaves dotted here and there. , sometimes it is more conspicuous. They may arouse the poet's reverie about the gorgeous autumn colors that have just passed. Therefore, the "sparse red leaves" here do not give people a sense of desolation or withering, but rather arouse the appreciation and lingering of beautiful things.
If the first two sentences describe some or two parts of the mountain scenery, then the last two sentences show its entirety. Despite the cold weather in winter, the entire Qinling Mountains are still lush with pines and cypresses, and the mountain roads pass through the boundless green. The green mountain color itself is empty and bright, unlike tangible objects that can be touched, so it is called "empty green". Naturally, "Empty Green" will not "wet clothes", but it is so thick that it can almost overflow with green moisture, so thick that the whole air is almost filled with green molecules. Walking in the empty green, it is like Being shrouded in a green mist, the whole body and mind are soaked and moistened by it, and feel a slight coolness like drizzle on wet clothes. Therefore, even though "there is no rain on the mountain road", you naturally feel that "the sky is green and wet." clothes". This is a kind of illusory and real feeling produced by the complex effects of vision, touch and feeling, a kind of spiritual excitement. The contradiction between the word "empty" and the word "wet" is unified in this spiritual ***.
Zhang Xu's "A Guest in the Mountains" said: "Even if it is clear and clear without rain, my clothes will still be stained deep in the clouds." "Clothed clothes" is a literal description, showing The deep mountains locked in clouds and fog are another realm of beauty; the "wet clothes" in Wang Wei's song "In the Mountains" are hallucinations and illusions, expressing the poetic feeling given by the lush green mountains. They also write about the scenery in the mountains, and they also write about Zhanyi, but they have the same purpose but different approaches, and each achieves its own beauty. True art is never repeated. Creation background This poem was written in early winter. It was written by the author while he was traveling in the mountains. The specific year of creation has not been confirmed. Wang Wei (701-761, some say 699-761), courtesy name Mojie, Han nationality, was born in Puzhou, Hedong (now Yuncheng, Shanxi), his ancestral home is Qixian County, Shanxi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, known as the "Poetry Buddha" . Su Shi commented on him: "When you taste Mojie's poems, there are paintings in the poems; when you look at Mojie's paintings, there are poems in the paintings." In the ninth year of Kaiyuan (721), he was promoted to Jinshi, Tai Lecheng. Wang Wei is a representative poet of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He has more than 400 poems in existence today. His important poems include "Lovesickness" and "Dwelling in the Mountains in the Twilight of Autumn". Wang Wei was proficient in Buddhism and was greatly influenced by Zen Buddhism. There is a Buddhist "Vimalakīrti Sutra", which is the origin of Wang Wei's name. Wang Wei is famous for his poetry, calligraphy and painting. He is very versatile and proficient in music. Together with Meng Haoran, they are collectively known as "Wang Meng".
Wang Wei Seeking for a small meeting in the human world, try to put the golden statue next to the chrysanthemum bush. Autumn grass grows in the distance of the cloister, and the dream soul is thousands of miles away from the green doorway. In the new cold, the rain knocks on the window while drinking wine, and the lingering fragrance lingers in the mood of autumn. I'm often afraid that the autumn wind will come early and I won't know how it will drift. Looking at each other while drunk, looking at the rain in dreams, are all troubles in waking life. How long have we been apart? We have spent seven Mid-Autumn Festivals. The clear dew in the heart of the pan is like lead water, and it is blown away by the west wind one night. What is the most painful thing in front of your pillow? There are no dewdrops on the sycamore leaves. When you asked about your return date, it rained at night in Bashan and the autumn ponds swelled. Magpies are flying over the mountains at dawn, cicadas are noisy in the wild autumn wind. Guilin has a unique scenery, and autumn is like spring in Luoyang. Huang Hua made an appointment with the west wind, and his gray hair first came from distant visitors. At dusk, the sand is flat and the autumn grass is turbulent. A pair of white birds fly away from people. The autumn grass is cold in the six mornings, and the flowers are raining in the empty altar. The autumn wind will see us again next year, so don't miss us when we break up for the time being.