Analysis of learning situation
The teaching object is the students of Grade Two (1) in our school. This class is a liberal arts class. Most students have active thinking, strong perception, accumulated certain knowledge of poetry appreciation, strong interest in reading and desire to express, and active classroom atmosphere.
design concept
The key of poetry teaching is to feel the poetic scene, appreciate the poetic sentiment and comprehend poetry, and on this basis, cultivate the ability of understanding, appreciation and aesthetic emotion. Du Fu's poems are famous for their profundity and profundity. They are often light and plain, so they are as big as a square inch and shrink from ancient times to modern times in an instant. Therefore, reading the text and chewing words are the basic ways to appreciate the scenery, experience feelings and understand. According to the concept of "teachers are the guide, students are the main body, experience is the red line, and thinking is the main attack", students are actively guided to participate in activities such as "reading", "discussing", "thinking" and "speaking", so that they can read and understand, discuss and understand, talk and move their hearts, thus entering the author's emotional world and experiencing the author's long-term wandering.
Teaching objectives
Knowledge and ability
1, understand the author's background and learn the appreciation method of knowing people and discussing the world.
2. Analyze the images in the text and learn the appreciation methods of image analysis.
3. Read repeatedly to understand the author's emotions in reading.
Process and method
1, be familiar with poetry, dredge the theme, perceive the emotional tone of poetry as a whole, grasp the artistic conception of poetry as a whole, and feel the poet's complex life feelings.
2. Take the study group as a unit to induce thinking and inquiry learning.
Emotional attitude values
Feel Du Fu's broad feelings of caring for the country, the people and the world.
Emphasis and difficulty in teaching
1. Feel the poet's deep pain and anxiety.
2. Master the basic methods of poetry appreciation.
3. Appreciate the artistic features of blending scenes and majestic weather.
Teaching time
1 class hour
teaching process
First, emotional recitation, overall perception
(1) Review old knowledge and introduce new lessons.
Courseware projection review shows Du Fu's poems that have been learned.
The design aims to awaken students' knowledge accumulation and stimulate their interest in learning.
(B) Know the world and approach the poet.
Du Fu (7 12-770), a courseware project, has beautiful words, and his ancestral home is Xiangyang (now Hubei), a native of Gongxian County, Henan Province, and has a literary tradition. It is the tradition of this family to make contributions and do what you say. He studied poetry at the age of 7 and became famous at the age of 15. Together with Li Bai, he is called "Big Du Li" ("Little Du Li refers to Li Shangyin and Du Mu"). Because he once lived in Shaoling, south of Chang 'an, he was recommended by Yanwu of Chengdu as Duan's staff officer and Yuan Wailang, proofreader of the Ministry of Industry. Later generations called him Du Gongbu and Du Shiyi, and he claimed to be the elder of Shaoling. Du Fu lived in the historical period from prosperity to decline in the Tang Dynasty, and his poems were mostly about social unrest, political darkness and people's sufferings, which was called "the history of poetry; Du Fu is concerned about the country and people, with noble personality and exquisite poetic skills. He is called "Poet Saint" by later generations. Du Fu's poems 1400 have profoundly reflected the social panorama of more than 20 years before and after the Anshi Rebellion in Tang Dynasty and vividly recorded Du Fu's life experience. The close combination of social reality and personal life has realized the perfect unity of ideological content and artistic form, which represents the highest achievement of Tang poetry and has a far-reaching influence on later generations.
The poem Up the Mountain was written in the autumn of the second year of Dali (767). At that time, the Anshi Rebellion, which lasted for eight years, had ended, but the border incidents remained the same, wars continued everywhere, and the situation in the Tang Dynasty was turbulent. Du Fu once lived in Shu with his good friend Yanwu, but Yanwu died in the first year of Yongtai (765). Du Fu was not spared by the melee between warlords in Sichuan. So he left Chengdu and went down the Yangtze River. He arrived in Kuizhou in the first year of Dali (766) and stayed there until he was 55 years old. The poet drifted for a long time, went through hardships and fell ill in his later years. Besides, his friends Li Bai, Gao Shi and Yanwu died one after another, and his ambition was hardly rewarded. All kinds of sorrows and sorrows piled up in his heart. In the autumn of the second year of Dali, he boarded the high platform outside Bai Di, Kuizhou, and climbed up with mixed feelings to have a look. What he saw in his eyes aroused his feelings and the bleak scenery of Qiu Jiang, which led to the fall of his life. As a result, there is a famous article "hiking", which is known as "the first seven-character poem in ancient and modern times". Three years later, Du Fu died on a wrecked ship from Changsha to Yueyang.
The design intention is to know people and discuss the world, that is, to let students get closer to the inner world of the author and poet and deeply understand the rich connotation of poetry by deeply understanding the author's life, thoughts and creative background.
(C) Repeated reading, the overall feeling
Courseware projection
Gordon
Du Fu
The wind is fast and high, the ape cries sadly, and the birds are circling in the white sand.
The endless trees are rustling leaves, and the Yangtze River is rolling unpredictably.
Li in the sad autumn scenery, a wanderer all the year round, lives alone on the high platform in today's illness.
After all the hardships and hatred, the white hair is full, and the wine glasses are damaged.
Instruct students to read seven-character poems and recite them at the rhythm of 222 1 or 22 12, paying attention to cadence and priorities.
Pronunciation reading-students are required to read freely and pay attention to pronunciation.
Emotional reading-ask students to read aloud with emotion. Tell the students that to read a poem or an article well, you must regard yourself as the author and incarnate yourself as a human being, just as you wrote that poem or article yourself. For example, reading this poem by Du Fu, I incarnate myself as the old and lonely Du Fu-standing on the edge of the Yangtze River, dressed in rags and unkempt, climbing high and looking far, missing my hometown, my loved ones, caring about my motherland, thinking about my life, thinking about my life. Encourage one or two students to take the initiative to model reading and give positive praise.
Students read aloud, demanding to grasp the pulse of poetry and feel emotions.
The design intention of poetry focuses on reading aloud, triggering students' emotional experience and building a platform for students to experience. Students consciously grasp the poem as a whole in reading aloud, feel the artistic conception of the poem, and lay the foundation for the later analysis; Cultivate students' ability to read and recite ancient poems, and feel poetic emotion through reading and reciting.
Second, appreciate the taste and feelings.
(A) grasp the image, experience feelings
Courseware projection raises questions and stimulates thinking.
1. How to write the poem "Up the Mountain" to have scenery and lyricism?
(The first couplet and the parallel couplet write about the scenery, and the neck couplet and the tail couplet express their feelings. )
2. What scenery did you write? What words do poets use to describe each other? What kind of feelings did you express?
This poem begins with six kinds of scenery: wind, sky, ape, bamboo, sand and birds; There are two kinds of scenery in the jaw couplet: falling wood and the Yangtze River. Use urgency, height, sadness, clearness, whiteness, flying back, rustling and rolling to describe them. Expressed the feelings of wandering, old illness and loneliness for many years. )
The design intention is to grasp the whole poem and understand the author's writing ideas through simple analysis. By introducing simple questions, students' fear of poetry appreciation is gradually resolved.
(2) Enter the country with emotion and realize emotion.
Courseware projection "Map of Sanqiu, Du Fu's Heart"
Some critics summarized this poem of Du Fu as "a painting of Sanqiu, Du Fu's heart".
1, send the message "Map of Sanqiu".
Autumn is not only a season, but also a state of mind. Not only their own experience, but also the future of the country. Autumn in the season-the autumn wind is blowing strongly, the sky is high and the clouds are light, and the apes and birds are hovering. The vast, desolate and cold scenes between heaven and earth all convey the sadness of autumn: the autumn of life-the fallen leaves are a symbol of aging, and "rustling" symbolizes the poet's mood. He lamented that his life had reached late autumn. Facing the rolling Yangtze River, the eternal nature laments how time flies. The autumn of national luck-although the war has settled, the scene of the prosperous Tang Dynasty is gone, and the decline of state affairs has touched the poet's feelings of worrying about the world and hurting the world. This poem clearly describes the autumn of the season, but also permeates the autumn of life and the autumn of national luck. The three meet and blend, and the poetry is profound and broad.
2, depression "Du Fu's heart".
(1) What are the eyes of this poem? (sad)
(2) What is the sadness in this poem?
There are eight meanings between Luo Dajing's comments on the fourteen characters of the Neck Couplet in Song Dynasty: "Wan Li is far away; Autumn, when sad; Be a guest and travel; Frequent visitors, long-distance travel; For a hundred years, teeth are dying; Sick and sick; Taiwan, high also; Alone on the stage No friends or relatives. There are eight meanings between fourteen characters, and the duality is extremely accurate. " Sorrow is concentrated at one end, with eight layers of sorrow superimposed, one word of sorrow and one sigh, which makes feelings more depressed and poetry more sad.
(3) If "the meaning of climbing a mountain is nine times as sad", what is another kind of sadness?
I want to devote myself to national affairs, but I can't. I want to drown my sorrows in wine. Let Du Fu's sorrow be alleviated and not dispelled, which will be even sadder.
(4) This poem shows the author's strong sadness. Where does the author's sadness come from? According to the text, find out the reason of sadness from the poem.
The poet's "sadness" comes from:
One of sadness: sad autumn.
Sadness 2: Autumn sadness among guests.
The third worry: frequent visitors worry about autumn.
Tragedy 4: Frequent visitors in Wan Li mourn for autumn.
Sadness 5: Going on stage alone.
Sadness # 6: Being sick alone on the stage.
Sadness 7: Sick in old age.
Sadness 8: Life is hard.
Sadness 9: I recently stopped drinking glasses.
(5) With so much sadness, what thoughts and feelings did the author convey? Please analyze the poet's sadness with the method of knowing others and discussing the world.
Generally speaking, the country: the decline of the national movement-the national disaster.
In short, family fortune: the trouble of traveling-the pain of wandering.
No matter how small the ego is, nothing can be achieved-ambition is hard to pay.
Design intention This is the key content of this lesson. By asking questions step by step, students are always in an excited mood, and their autonomy in learning is fully reflected. Cultivate students' ability to grasp key words in the text and appreciate poetry.
(C) cooperative exploration, perception of life
Du Fu's courseware projection not only brings us the enjoyment of poetic beauty, but also his personality spirit is a precious spiritual wealth for future generations. What spiritual wealth can we get from Ascending the Mountain and the poems we have learned before? Seeking independent thinking-group communication-class sharing.
The design intention is to feel Du Fu's broad feelings of caring for the country and the people and helping the world, to cultivate students' team consciousness and cooperation spirit, to improve students' ability of independent inquiry, diligent thinking and good at learning, and to form the habit of mutual learning and cooperation.
Third, migration and expansion, observing life.
Read the famous sentences in Du Fu's poems by projection, and learn more about Du Fu's personality charm. Take Du Fu and Me as the topic, choose a point of view, write a paragraph and talk about your feelings about Du Fu.
1, there are thousands of buildings in Ande, which greatly protect the poor in the world and stand still in the wind and rain. Oh! When I suddenly see this house in front of me, I will freeze to death alone! The autumn wind broke the hut.
2, Zhumen wine stinks, and the road has frozen bones. "From Beijing to Fengxian, chanting 500 words"
On the border, people's blood flows like the sea, but Emperor Wu's heart is still beating for the war. Military vehicle shop
After three months of war, a message from hometown is worth a ton of gold. What spring looks like.
The design aims to guide students to further feel Du Fu's broad feelings of caring for the country and the people and helping the people, so as to observe his life and improve his language expression ability.
Lesson preparation notes
This is what I designed for the third Chinese lesson "Going Up the Mountain" in the morning of September 25th, 2008 in Grade Two (1) class (liberal arts class) of our school. This design is based on the characteristics of the poem Up the Mountain, and the class's strong interest in Chinese learning, reading and expressing, and strong perception. It follows the concept of "teachers as the guide, students as the main body, experience as the red line and thinking as the main attack", and devotes itself to "teaching people to fish" by guiding students to actively participate in "reading", "discussion" and "thinking". In actual teaching, students actively participate, think positively and immerse themselves in the scene created by poetry, which has achieved the expected teaching effect.