1. Read repeatedly, from the outside to the inside, and grasp the inner world of the characters by understanding their external characteristics.
2. Analyze and compare the life experiences and fates of the characters in each article, and interpret the author's thoughts and feelings.
Unit interpretation
This unit selects the essays of famous foreign writers, which reflects their different writing characteristics. What selfies bring us is how to look at ourselves and how to thoroughly understand our own methods. This method teaches us how to be a man and how to move forward on the road of life. The three characteristics of Montaigne's literary style are also worthy of our careful study: first, the unity of the external characteristics and internal spirit of the characters; Secondly, the article adopts a step-by-step narrative method; Third, the learned Montaigne is good at quoting classics, giving examples to illustrate that his writing is fluent and natural. Beethoven written by Bernard Shaw is a bold, passionate and wild music giant. His personality is so outstanding, and his achievements in the history of music are so great. The author did not directly explain all this, but put him in the long river of human music development and naturally compared with many musicians of the previous generation. The clever use of this contrast technique deserves our serious consideration and study. Hugo's reverence for george sand is essentially a propaganda and appreciation of a female independent spirit. George sand is the Statue of Liberty. She pays attention to gender equality and upholds women's rights. She is a model of women and the pride of France. When we study Hugo's articles, we should understand his unstoppable momentum. Carlisle embodies the Emerson style, that is, he does not pursue flowery rhetoric, washes language, uses vivid metaphors, and is good at grasping the outstanding characteristics of characters, so that Carlisle's unique personality can be fully displayed and left a deep impression on people.
Topic introduction
The essayist is another kind of hero in the world. Their hearts have always contained some beautiful and moving things, struggling from suffering and bringing joy to people with their own pain. They turn tears into pearls, weave "the most beautiful fairy tale in life", spread love to the world and warm all mankind. Most of these honest and sincere artists' essays are full of emotions, with beautiful and humorous words, which restore the colorful emotional experiences of the characters in a vast artistic space and teach people what life and death are in the true sense. Therefore, they belong to those who are great because of their hearts.
Romain rolland said: "The hero I am talking about is not a person who is dominated by ideas or strength, but a person who is great only by his heart." Sadly, in this era of increasing material worship, many people no longer believe in "heroism"! Today, let's walk into the artistic world of our ancestors from the biographies of these essayists and relive the long-lost dream of the soul.
Problem guidance
1. Montaigne said frankly in "Self-portrait": "I live a leisurely sex life, and I like freedom very much. I have the heart to do so. " Lin Yutang said in "The Art of Life": "Smart people will never work hard, those who work too hard will never be smart, and those who are good at killing time are really smart." The ancients also said, "In the past 50 years, busy people should not be better than idle people." (Bai Juyi's Wandering) What other famous sentences about "leisure" do you know? How to understand the word "leisure"
A: Zhuangzi's "Homology": "Life-long service has not been achieved, and I am tired of service and I don't know where to return." Wang Zhe's "Reducing Magnolia (Green Mountains and Green Waters)": "Green mountains and green waters, people who are enlightened should be idle." Cheng Hao: "Nothing is idle when you are free, nothing is red when you sleep." Zhao Ke's "Good Things Close (Listening to the Window in a Snow)": "Leaning against the window and watching six windows fly, the wind will stop."
Montaigne and English essayists love to call themselves "idlers" and even praise "laziness" and "tramps", just like wild cranes in the clouds, they are independent and detached from the world. The purpose of Montaigne's anthology is to "gossip and express feelings". The "leisure" advocated by these philosophers and everyone is not laziness, but a kind of spiritual freedom and creative aura gained after breaking away from the shackles of orthodoxy and dogma. In ancient China, the so-called "lazy Taoist", "clumsy", "stupid old man", and even Laozi, Zhuangzi and Zen all had the same ancestry with this kind of "idle people". "Leisure" is really the nature of human wise men, and it is also the first essence of writing essays and essays. The accomplishment of "idle people" is the foundation and soul of this casual style. Many great thinkers, writers and scholars in history used to be idle people who were so lazy that the grass at the window was green.