Zhu Xi proposed to "write with emotion", "pay equal attention to knowledge and practice", "combine learning and thinking", "read carefully and think deeply", "learn swimming" and "abandon exam-oriented education".
Xing, Guan, Qun, Yuan" was proposed by Confucius in "The Analects of Confucius Yang Huo". The article said: "Confucius said: Why should I learn from Fu's "Poetry"? "Poetry" It can be exciting, it can be watched, it can be grouped, and it can be complained. Those who are nearby are for the father, those who are far are for the king, and they are more familiar with the names of birds, beasts, grass and trees." To put it simply in modern terms, "Xing" means that poetry has the spirit of inspiring people. The role of poetry can arouse people's associations; observation means that poetry can play the role of observing social reality and can see the ups and downs of world affairs; group means that poetry can enable people to communicate with each other, achieve harmony, and play a role in uniting people. Function; resentment, that is to say, poetry can intervene in reality and criticize dark society and bad politics. Confucius's theory of "Xing, Guan, Group, and Resentment" had a great influence on later generations, becoming a standard for literary criticism in later generations and influencing our country's literature The formation of the tradition of Chinese realism.