1. basic class, only memory, tell you some memory methods.
Reciting method: (finishing)
(Law) 1. The method of breaking the whole into parts. Reading a classical Chinese as a whole is like "swallowing dates". We should analyze the whole into several meaningful paragraphs and read them in sections.
[Analysis] After analyzing the meaning paragraphs of a text, we can see the clues of the article and the author's ideas, and know the ins and outs of clearly written people and things, and then run through them according to the sequence of things, the logic of life and the explanation of the ins and outs according to the time and place. Once the level is clear, you can recite it quickly after reading it carefully. Reciting should be carried out in stages, and every breakthrough should be carried out until all the words are recited.
(French) Second, the copying method. This is a way to recite with eyes, mouth, hands and heart.
[Analysis] Look at the words, words and sentences of the article, read the words, words and sentences of the article, write the words, words and sentences of the article by hand, and think about the words, words and sentences of the article. Copy, copy, read, read, copy, not long, read part, copy part, back part. Then if you have read it all, you have copied it all, and you can recite it all. Familiar, familiar with the mantra, familiar with the hands, familiar with the heart, the full text will be easy to recite.
(Law) 3. Progressive method. Adopting this method is like snowballing, that is, reading the first sentence first, that is, reciting the first sentence; Reading the first sentence and the second sentence together means that the first sentence and the second sentence are recited together. And so on, scroll forward until the complete text is accumulated.
(French) Four or three grasping methods. It is natural to implement the "three stresses" by department.
[Example] Before reciting the "Warring States policy, Tang Ju will live up to his mission", we can use three grasping hands. For example, in the first natural paragraph, first grasp the first word of this paragraph-"Qin"; Then grab the first sentence of this paragraph-"The king of Qin made people call him an Ling Jun Yue"; Finally, grasping the author's thoughts reflected in this paragraph and the context of the article-the confrontation between the king of Qin and the king of Anling is the antecedent of the Tang drama's mission and the prelude to the struggle between the two sides. The beginning of the plot. These three grippers have promoted each other. It is easier to recite the text according to these tips.
(French) 5. Take care of translation and recitation. That is, from style to classical Chinese.
[Example] If you want to recite Ouyang Xiu's Zuiweng Pavilion, you can first translate it sentence by sentence into modern Chinese (that is, "modern translation"), then return to ancient Chinese according to the translated Chinese (that is, modern translation), and then from ancient to modern, that is, from translation back to the original classical Chinese, repeatedly. This not only practices the translation from modern times to ancient times, but also compares the vocabulary syntax between ancient times and modern times.
[Analysis] The above five methods are effective for reciting the original text. Of course, every method can be used, and it seems better to combine several methods. In short, there is no fixed method. One is to use whatever method everyone likes, which is subjective. The other depends on the objective reciting effect. If a method is fast (fast) and good (accurate), then that method is the best.
How to recite classical Chinese in high school (for high school friends)
Classical Chinese accounts for nearly one-third of the content in the textbook of senior one. Although the latest edition of the Chinese textbook for Senior One has deleted a unit and adjusted some articles, its importance has not decreased. However, the study of classical Chinese has always been a difficult point in teaching and learning. Students don't like learning, and even teachers who open public classes rarely attend classical Chinese. When it comes to reciting, students will have a headache. Not to mention the first year of senior high school, although the third book of senior high school has only one unit of classical Chinese, it needs a lot of recitation. I want to recite all famous articles and passages, but it is much more difficult for students to recite modern Chinese. Even if you barely recite it, it won't be long before you forget it. I always do what I ask students to recite in classical Chinese teaching, but my "demonstration" has not played much role. Needless to say, the importance of classical Chinese recitation. As the author himself, I am particularly good at classical Chinese. Many famous articles, such as Fan Zhongyan's Yueyang Tower and Su Shi's Red Wall Poetry, can still be memorized after many years. Even articles that have never been recited before, such as Chen Qingbiao by Shi Mi, can be recited quickly after class. What is the reason? It is not that my memory is amazing. Careful analysis, in addition to the factors of interest, is also related to my mastery of some principles and methods of reciting.
Turn "long" into "short". In other words, a long article or paragraph should be divided into several short parts to recite. In this way, the content of each recitation is less, the speed is faster, and the "sense of success" comes, which is much easier than reciting the whole text and paragraph at one time. Of course, in the end, we have to connect several parts with heart.
2. Then there is the improvement of ability, with emphasis on reading. Training is the key to short reading ability. You can find some reading questions in the senior high school entrance examination, or typical examples, or questions that often appear in the exam to find reading skills. Here are some reading skills:
Classification of Chinese reading questions
1. Expression: narration, description, lyricism, explanation and discussion.
Second, the expression techniques: symbol, contrast, contrast, suspense, echo before and after, desire to promote first, express meaning by holding things, express feelings by borrowing things, associate, imagine and set off (positive contrast, negative contrast).
Third, rhetorical devices: metaphor, personification, exaggeration, parallelism, duality, quotation, rhetorical question, repetition, intertextuality, contrast, metonymy and irony.
Four, the six elements of narrative: time, place, people, the cause, process and result of things.
5. Narrative sequence: sequence, flashback and insertion.
Sixth, description angle: positive description and side description.
Methods of describing characters: language, action, manner, psychology and appearance.
Eight, the perspective of describing the scene: vision, hearing, taste and touch.
Methods of describing scenery: the combination of dynamic and static (writing static by moving), the combination of generalization and concrete, from far to near (or from near to far).
X. Description (or lyric) methods: positive (also called direct) and negative (also called indirect).
XI。 Narrative mode: general narrative and detailed description.
Twelve. Interpretation order: chronological order, spatial order, logical order.
13. explanation: examples, numbers, analogy, comparison, definition, classification, explanation, imitation and quotation.
Fourteen, the plot of the novel is divided into four parts: beginning, development, climax and ending.
Fifteen, the three elements of the novel: the character, the plot and the specific environment.
Sixteen, environmental description is divided into: natural environment and social environment.
17. Three elements of argumentative writing: argument, argument and argumentation.
18. Argumentation is divided into factual argument and rational argument.
Nineteen. Argumentation methods: example (or fact) argument, reason argument (sometimes called quotation argument), contrast (or positive and negative contrast) argument, metaphor argument.
20. Method of argument: argument and rebuttal (rebuttable argument, argument, argument)
Twenty-one, the structure of argumentative essay: total score, total score, total score; There are often parallel and progressive parts.
Twenty-two, the role of quotation marks: citation; Emphasize; Specific appellation; Negation, irony, irony
Twenty-three, dash usage: prompt, comment, summary, progression, topic change, interjection.
Twenty-four, others:
( 1)
The function of sentences in the text;
1, prefix: opening point; Render the atmosphere (narrative, novel), bury the foreshadowing (narrative, novel), and set suspense (novel) as an auxiliary foreshadowing for the following; Below the general collar;
2. In the text: connecting the preceding with the following; Below the general collar; Summarize the above;
3. At the end of the article: point out the center (narrative, novel); Deepen the theme (narrative, novel); Pay attention to the beginning (argumentative, narrative, novel)
(2)
The function of rhetoric: (1) its own function; (2) Combined with sentence context.
1, figuratively personified: vivid;
Answer format: written vividly+object+characteristics.
2, parallelism: momentum, strengthen the tone, in one go and so on. ;
Answer format: emphasis+object+characteristics.
3; Questioning: arouse readers' attention and thinking;
Answer format: arouse readers' attention and thinking about+object+characteristics
Rhetorical question: emphasis, emphasis, etc.
4. Contrast: emphasize … stand out …
5. repeatedly emphasize ... strengthen the tone.
(3)
Answer to the meaning of the sentence:
In such a topic, a word or phrase in a sentence is often expressed by metaphor, contrast, metonymy and symbol. When answering the question, reveal the object it refers to, and then clear the sentence.
(4)
Can one word in a sentence be replaced by another? Why?
Verb: No. Because the word accurately, vividly and specifically wrote ...
Adjective: No. Because this word vividly describes ...
Adverbs (such as all, most, very only, etc. ): no. Because this word accurately describes the situation of … (table degree, table limit, table time, table range, etc.). ), after the change, it becomes ... not in line with the facts.
(5)
Can the order of two or three words in a sentence be reversed? Why?
I can't. Because (1) does not conform to the law of people's understanding of things (from shallow to deep, from surface to inside, from phenomenon to essence) (2) this word corresponds to the above one by one (3) these words are progressive, interlocking and cannot be exchanged.
(6)
Induction of paragraph meaning
1. Narrative: Give a clear answer (when and where) to who did what.
Format: (time+place)+people+things.
2. explanatory text: the answer clearly States what the object is and what its characteristics are.
Format: description (introduction)+description object+description content (characteristics)
3. Argumentative essay: clearly answer what the question is and what the author's point of view is.
Format: What demonstration method is used to prove (demonstrate)+demonstrate?
(7)
Expression skills play an important role in the appreciation of ancient poetry, such as allusions, comparison, rendering, laying out, comparison, lyricism, scene blending, lyricism by borrowing scenery, combination of static and dynamic, combination of reality and fiction, euphemism, comparison, allegory, symbol, pun and so on. The rhetorical methods commonly used in poetry include exaggeration, parallelism, duality, metaphor, metonymy, analogy, rhetorical question, rhetorical question and repetition. The commonly used terms in analyzing poetry language are: accurate, vivid, vivid, concise, incisive, concise, bright, fresh, novel, beautiful, gorgeous, implicit, simple and natural. When reviewing, we should systematically summarize all kinds of expression skills and reserve relevant knowledge. First of all, we should understand the characteristics and functions of these expressive skills, and then carefully appreciate and analyze them in combination with specific poems.
As for evaluating the ideological content of poetry and the author's attitude, it includes summarizing the main idea of the work, analyzing the social reality reflected by the work, and pointing out its positive significance or limitations.
In short, the first step to appreciate ancient poetry is to grasp the content of poetry from the following aspects: 1 Read the title and comments carefully; 2. Analyze the image; 3. Taste the artistic conception; 4 contact the author. Step 2, find out the skills: 1 Grasp the image features; 2. Differentiate expression skills; 3 Explain the expression function. The third step is to evaluate the contents and opinions: 1 summarize the main idea; 2 contact background; 3 distinguish between primary and secondary; 4. Comprehensive evaluation.
When answering questions, we should pay special attention to the following points: first, we should stick to the requirements and not generalize; Second, the main points should be complete and should be considered from multiple angles; The third is to scrutinize the terms and strive to be accurate, concise and standardized.
3. Writing is the "half of the country" that determines the results of the Chinese exam, so the success or failure of writing often determines the success or failure of the whole Chinese exam. So how do you get high marks in the exam composition? I think the following points must be noted.
1, Questions and Intentions All exam compositions must be examined, because candidates should compete fairly in the same environment. Examining the topic is to read and understand all the contents shown in the topic comprehensively and accurately, read out the intention of the proposer, clarify the limitations of examining the topic, and clarify what I should write, how to write it, and to what extent, so as to truly understand it comprehensively, grasp it profoundly, and write a composition without bias or omission. The composition marking of the college entrance examination clearly stipulates that the final score of any problematic paper in the exam generally does not exceed the lowest score of the second type of paper. It can be seen that the accuracy of the exam is the key factor in the success or failure of the composition. The idea is to ask the author to stand at the height of the times, observe and understand life, refine the theme, make the theme reflect the spirit of the times, reflect the times, act on the times, beat the pulse of the times and promote the progress of the times. The "meaning" of the article is actually an idea gradually developed by the author in his life experience, and it is the product of the collision between the author's subjective understanding and objective reality. It reflects the author's ideological level, cognitive level and world outlook, outlook on life and values formed in social life. The reform of composition teaching in recent two years advocates students to be loyal to life and to themselves. Some students ignore the grasp of the ideological tendency of the article, see the problem incompletely and have extreme views. What's more, they doubt the party's leadership and policies because of corruption. Although today's China is politically clear and free of speech, and mistakes will not be investigated for any political issues, as a builder of the future society, we should still have a correct view of right and wrong. This must be noted.
2. Titles and paragraph titles are the eyes of the article, and also the first impression of the marking teacher on the article, especially the writing of self-made topics. The marking teacher attaches great importance to the questions put forward by the candidates. As the saying goes, "plant half the grain well and write half the text well", which shows the importance of the topic. Some candidates write the text first, and then draw up the title. After the article is finished, they may not have time to write the title, or they may forget to make up the title. Although the score stipulates that there is no topic to deduct 2 points, the actual result is far from 2 points. Someone did an experiment in which two groups of teachers graded several well-written compositions according to the two types of reserved titles and hidden titles, and the difference in scores was generally above 5 points. This is because the marking teacher has a psychological distance from the untitled composition and unconsciously reduces the score. As for how to draw up the title, I think we should do the following: ① Be exact. It is in line with the meaning of the article, and it is also the meaning of choosing words and making sentences according to the norms. ② refinement. The number of words in the index question is appropriate. 3 vivid. Refers to the topic can reflect a vitality, readability and interest. 4 novels. Refers to having a new perspective, new ideas and new insights, which can give people a sense of freshness. (5) meaningful. Refers to the inherent meaning. There are many ways to raise a topic, such as using rhetoric, quoting common sayings, using old sayings, borrowing idioms, using buzzwords, skillfully using formulas or symbols from other disciplines, etc. Candidates can use it flexibly according to their own situation. Paragraph: The structure of the first, belly and tail paragraphs is the most taboo in the exam composition. It is best to divide the article into several paragraphs. /kloc-for a composition of less than 0/000 words, I think it is enough to divide it into 5-8 natural paragraphs. Because the more natural the natural section, the more mature and sophisticated you are. In addition, write the first sentence of each paragraph. The first sentence of each paragraph is like a person's eyebrows. The first sentence is well written, "with fine eyes", and the whole paragraph is remarkable.
3. Style and Content There are two types of style requirements for the composition questions in the college entrance examination: one is to stipulate that a certain style must be written, such as "writing an argumentative essay"; The other is to exclude writing a certain style, such as "any other style except poetry". Candidates must write in accordance with the prescribed style. In recent years, there are no restrictions on the style in the composition questions of the college entrance examination, so that candidates can freely choose the style. What we should pay special attention to here is that writing style is not limited to not writing style, but after you choose a writing style, you must write according to the characteristics of this writing style and what you want to write. You can't just write a nondescript "four unlike" article. Content of the article: Never write what you can think of without thinking; Don't write your own thoughts after a little thinking; Take a few minutes to write something unexpected. It is best to set the protagonist as yourself in the narrative and enter the article in the first person, so that the passion of "I" shines in the article, which is sincere and sincere, causing * * *. Argumentative writing should avoid boasting, rhetoric, nonsense, empty arguments, moaning, shouting slogans, making phone calls, empty expressions of determination and so on. Writing can be fictional, and "allowing" to write stories does not mean advocating "writing stories". When writing a story, you should "imagine boldly and justify yourself". You can never get high marks by making it up.
4. The beginning and end of the exam-oriented composition are the cutting edge of the article. All the methods of beginning and ending learned in and out of class can be used in exam-oriented composition. No matter how you start and end, you must go straight to the point at the beginning and point out the main idea at the end. In order to make a good impression on the marking teacher, don't smear both the beginning and the end. There is a saying: a good beginning is half the battle. However, some candidates have made the mistake of "slow entry": some copied all the original materials in large sections; Some expand the original simple raw materials; Some start with materials, ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign, and take your time. The opening is loose, which takes up a lot of space, but the content behind it is "yet we called and urged a thousand times before she started toward us", and some of them just pass by, with a serious imbalance, so it is difficult for teachers to measure their actual writing level. It makes sense for the ancients to pay attention to "phoenix head", "pig belly" and "leopard tail" when writing articles. But some candidates don't have time to stop writing, or break it in one sentence, or click on a string of ellipsis, so even if you carve a "phoenix head" and grow a "pig belly", it won't be a good article, because without a "leopard tail", you won't get high marks. The marking teacher measures the quality of an article, first of all, looking at the whole. So what the examinee gives the teacher should be a complete composition anyway.
5. Language test The composition language should be standardized and accurate, with individuality and vitality. Don't be a literary white; Don't use dialects and words that others don't understand; Use less long sentences and more short sentences; We can introduce some new words of the times, quote famous sayings and aphorisms, quote the lyrics of popular songs, and quote the oral folk songs of the people, but the guidance must be positive and the language should really light up. It makes sense to say that articles are tools to express one's feelings. Long words, short words. It seems that there should be no limit to the number of words. However, as a special form of composition, examination composition generally requires the number of words in order to achieve certain examination purposes and take into account the examination time and other factors. We must obey the rules. If the minimum number of words is limited, write enough or slightly more than 50- 100 words. The number of words is insufficient. Although the scoring standard stipulates that the number of words is insufficient, every 50 words will be deducted 1 point, but the actual situation is that the lack of words is often considered as the content of the article is thin and the score is difficult to score. Do not exceed the maximum number of words. Otherwise, it gives people a bloated feeling. Moreover, it takes more time to write a long composition and less time to solve the previous questions, which will definitely be affected. If there is no limit to the maximum number of words, it is generally limited to composition paper, that is, writing in the composition paper grid. Don't flatter yourself, beyond the writing style, lest you be ungrateful.
6. Writing and Rolling In recent years, writing has accounted for a considerable score in the composition scoring standard of the college entrance examination. Generally speaking, it is not required to write well, but it is required to write neatly and easily, with clear strokes and no cursive characters. Punctuation writing should also be standardized, especially the format should be correct, and no period, comma, question mark, exclamation mark, pause or semicolon should appear at the beginning of the line; Quotes, brackets and book titles do not appear at the end of the first half of the line. You can write a word after these symbols. Quotes, brackets and the second half of the title of a book do not appear at the beginning of a line, but these symbols can be squeezed at the end of the previous line. Ellipsis and dash occupy two spaces and cannot be broken. If you can't write it, it will be squeezed at the end of a line. As for the size of a composition, just like a person's appearance, impression is very important, especially for the college entrance examination composition. Whether the paper surface is neat or not directly affects the psychology and mood of the marking teacher. The handwriting is neat and the surface is clean, which makes people feel happy at first sight, and the result can be imagined.
7. Check and revise the exam composition questions, just like other questions. After the completion, you need to carefully check whether there are typos, sentences that are not fluent and need to be adjusted. When typos and inappropriate words are found in the review, they must be corrected. For the paragraphs that should be deleted, they should be added, just for the sake of clarity and neatness. The cleanliness of the coil surface should not be affected by the modification.
4. Flashback method
Flashback is not to tell the whole event in reverse, but to tell it in sequence except for a certain part in advance. There are generally three kinds of flashbacks: first, in order to express the central idea of the article, the part that can best express the central idea is mentioned in front and highlighted; The second is to make the structure of the article changeable and avoid straightforward narration; Third, in order to show the effect, the article twists and turns, causing suspense and fascinating. Explain the starting point clearly when flashback. There should be clear boundaries between flashback and sequence, necessary text transition and natural connection. Pay special attention not to toss and turn aimlessly, making the article unclear.
5. Interpolation method
Interpolation is to express the needs of the article center. Sometimes it is to help readers understand the narrative of the story, and sometimes it is to annotate and explain the plot of the characters that appear. The use of interpolation must obey the need to express the central idea, so as not to rock the boat and steal the host's attention. When inserting a narrative, we should also pay attention to the transition, care and cohesion of the article, and there should be no traces of fracture.
6. Supplementary narrative methods
Supplementary narrative is mainly used to supplement the above narrative, which is generally fragmentary and short, and does not have a complete event. You can also put the explanation or explanation in front and cause the following. The function of supplementary narrative generally does not develop plots and events, but enriches and supplements the original narrative.
8. Detailed narrative method
Detailed description is generally used to describe the development and change process of things. When describing the details, we should grasp the characteristics of the characters or the details of things and describe them in detail. When writing a composition, the part closely related to the central idea should be described in detail. It has little to do with the central idea, but it has to be explained, so as to highlight the center of the article. Otherwise, the article will appear non-center or multi-center, which is more complicated.
9. Sketch method
The function of brief narration is to explain what is necessary and what is not necessary in the process of event occurrence and development. When it is combined with detailed narrative, the whole narrative is detailed, sparse and dense, forming the ups and downs of narrative. Brief narration is generally used at the beginning and end of the article; The part generally related to the central idea; What people know.
10, direct lyric method
Direct lyric can make feelings simple, real and shocking. Direct lyric is generally suitable for expressing strong and nervous feelings. Direct lyric is characterized by strong narrative feelings, fast and tense rhythm, straightforward feelings and easy to grasp.
1 1, indirect lyric method
Indirect lyricism is characterized by implicit indirect lyricism, charm and strong appeal. Indirect lyricism can generally be expressed by narration. The author adds his own subjective feelings and narrates according to the flow of feelings, so that readers can feel the author's thoughts and feelings in the process of narration. You can also express your feelings through discussion. In the discussion, the author expressed strong love and hate. The discussion in this narrative is generally carried out through judgment; You can also express your feelings through description, and the author permeates his feelings in the process of description. Using indirect lyric method, we should make the language beautiful and full of emotion.
12, the method of discussing first
The narrative before the discussion is the narrative before the discussion, so the discussion should play a role in summing up the above and concentrating courage. When discussing, we should discuss the main content of the event, or the main people or things of the event. Only in this way can we achieve the unity of narration and discussion. The method of discussion can be discussed through the language and psychological activities of the characters in the article, or as a third party.
13, discuss the law first, then discuss it.
The method of discussion before narration is adopted, and the main points and centers of narration are put forward first. In this way, the full text is unified, so that the significance of the events recorded in the full text becomes clear after discussion. When narrating, you should write around the center of the discussion and grasp the key points.
14, methods of description and discussion
Narrative and argumentative essays are characterized by narrative and discussion interspersed, flexible writing, and the author can freely express his feelings. When using narrative discussion method, we should pay attention to the coherence of narrative and the discussion should be inserted naturally.
15, taking things as clues
In the process of narration, let an object appear repeatedly in all stages of the event, and strengthen its image through various means. Such objects often play a transitional role or symbolize and point out the central idea.
17, with ideological changes as the clue.
In this way, the main line of ideological development should be clear. All stages of ideological change should be natural and clear.
2 1, bamboo shoot stripping method
Some articles are complex in structure, so it is impossible to describe them clearly and grasp their characteristics by rotation alone, so we have to describe the structure of articles from outside to inside or from inside to outside. Transition words should be used to explain clearly which level to enter. In addition, it is necessary to focus on the structure of the article.
22, personification method
When comparing animals with adults, we should find out the similarities between animals and people and describe them in detail. To compare an animal with an adult, we should first compare it with an adult as a whole, and then find out the local similarities. This way, you can have a sense of integrity after reading it. If we only focus on partial comparison, it is easy to appear neither fish nor fowl, and it is not easy for readers to imagine. Comparing animals with humans is also used to describe animal movements. This is mainly based on the psychological activities of the characters to imagine the purpose of animal movements.
23, dynamic method
The imagination of dynamic objects should be combined with static description, so that they can set each other off and become interesting. The article changes from describing static to imagining dynamic or from dynamic to imagining static, and the description should be clear, otherwise it is not clear which part to look at and think of. The fictional object dynamics of the article should conform to the characteristics of the object, so that people can read it credibly.
25, the use of "five senses" method
Eyes can see the color and shape of objects; Ears can hear all kinds of sounds; Nose can smell fragrance, stink, fishy smell and shame; Tongue can know the bitterness, spicy, sour, sweet, salty, light and astringent of goods; Skin can sense the softness, hardness and coldness of objects. When describing an object, we can write the characteristics of the object through the feelings of various sensory organs. When describing an object with the "five senses" method, we should pay attention to writing around the most important features of the object to avoid fragmentation. In addition, we should pay attention to the description in a certain order.
27, the method of expressing ambition
The characteristic of an article written by expressing one's will with things is to use an object to compare or symbolize a certain spirit, character, thoughts, feelings, etc. To write such an article well, we must master the internal relations between "things" and "aspirations" and "things" and "feelings". First of all, the main features of an article should have some similarities and similarities with one's own aspirations and wishes. Secondly, when describing, your ambition should be centered on the characteristics of the object. Articles should be able to express their wishes. The most commonly used writing methods are metaphor, personification and symbol.
28, the article readme method
The self-narrative method of the article is to describe the article in the first person, so we should make the article have human characteristics. In the specific description, we should pay attention to accurately grasp the characteristics of the object, so that the personalized object not only embodies the characteristics of people, but also does not lose its true colors. It has the characteristics of humanization, vivid objects, attracts readers' interest and clearly shows the author's thoughts and feelings. Keep the essential characteristics of the object, and describe the object truly and naturally.
3 1, stepwise transformation method
By changing the steps and shapes to describe the building, we can constantly change the foothold and observation point, and observe and describe the building in many ways. Looking at the same building from different angles, we will get different impressions. Therefore, when describing architecture by gradual transformation, it is necessary to make the observation point and foothold clear, so that readers can understand from which angle the architectural image you described is seen. Otherwise, it is easy to confuse readers. Secondly, when describing architecture with the method of gradual transformation, we must grasp the most important features of architecture to write. If described in a comprehensive way, the article can easily become a running account.
Explanation and introduction
When describing a building in a descriptive way, we should first pay attention to the center determined by the article and make the necessary description, and avoid rambling. In the process of explanation and introduction, we should be concise and to the point, and avoid dragging our feet. When describing a building by description and introduction, we should also pay attention to the overall coherence, that is, after description and introduction, the article should return to describing the building and connect with the previous article. The article should have transitional words or sentences from describing architecture to introducing architecture, or from introducing architecture back to describing architecture.
34, crayon description method
Plants are always composed of roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits. When drawing with colored pencils, write down the most important features of roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits, and write down their shapes and colors. When describing plants in this way, you should observe them carefully. It is necessary to distinguish the colors of various parts of plants, which are also red, and to distinguish whether they are fiery red or pink; It is also yellow, whether it is orange or gold; It is also green, whether it is green or light green ... It is necessary to carefully distinguish the morphological characteristics of each part, which is also a flower, which is different from a blooming flower. After careful observation and detailed description, the reader seems to see a color photo of a plant. To describe plants in this way, we should also use appropriate metaphors to write our own feelings.
38, expand the association method
When we see a plant, we often think of other things, and these things often have something in common with this plant. For example, when we see cotton peaches, we think of white snowflakes, because snowflakes and cotton are the same color; When we see a big watermelon, we think of basketball, because watermelon and basketball are similar in shape; We see pine trees with lush ice in the snow and think of heroes who are not afraid of torture and never bend their knees before the enemy. That is the similarity in quality between pine trees and heroes. When describing plants by association, we should pay attention to the main characteristics of plants and expand our imagination. To improve one's associative ability, one must first study hard, understand life and store rich knowledge in one's mind. Secondly, think hard and train hard to make yourself rich in imagination.
39, highlighting the key methods
Plants are always composed of roots, stems, branches, leaves, flowers and fruits. When we describe a plant, we can describe its roots, stems, branches, leaves, flowers and fruits, or we can only describe a certain part of the plant. When we focus on describing a plant, we must first find out what makes this plant different. Secondly, it is necessary to describe the part that best reflects the characteristics of this plant from many aspects such as color, shape and smell. In addition, personification, metaphor and other methods can be used appropriately.