Original text of ancient poem
The autumn wind blows in the green poplar lanes, and the border town is in chaos. The horses are neighing in the distance, people are returning to the place, and the garrison is blowing the trumpet. Feelings of good and evil are more and more faded, the grass is cold and the smoke is thin. It's like the generals at that time meandering across the desert.
Reminiscent of the small boats on the West Lake carrying songs and enjoying the evening flowers. Are you still there? Think about it now, the green is withering and the red is falling. Write about the sheep skirt and wear it when the new geese arrive. Afraid of being rushed, unwilling to send, and missing appointments.
Translation Translation
When the autumn wind blows from the streets full of willows, this border city becomes even more desolate and desolate. I seemed to hear the horse neighing and getting away. Where was it carrying the travelers? It was already evening, and the horn was blowing from the garrison. My mood was extremely bad, not to mention the cold smoke and decaying grass in front of me, which was bleak and desolate, just like the scene when a general led the army and marched zigzag on the desert.
I then deeply recalled the wonderful time on the West Lake in Bianjing, taking the singers on a boat and having fun among the flowers in the evening. My friends who were playing together were still there. It is conceivable that it is autumn there too when the green leaves are withering and the red flowers are falling. I used a piece of clothing to write down my mood at this moment, and when the geese flew over in the spring, I tied it to them. I'm afraid they were in a hurry and refused to send it for me, which would delay future appointments.
Comments and explanations
Desolate Guilin, the name of Ci Pai, Jiang Kui made his own music, there are musical scores handed down from generation to generation, Xianlu Diao Guilin has two tunes. Also known as "Ruihe Xianying". Two pieces of ninety-three characters, oblique rhyme.
Border Town: Huaibei in the Southern Song Dynasty was occupied by the Jin Dynasty and was an enemy territory, while Huainan was regarded as the border.
Lisuo: dilapidated and desolate.
Garrison: A building on the ancient city wall dedicated to security.
Steps: Ancient military establishment units. This generally refers to the army.
Meandering (yǐlǐ): continuous appearance.
舫 (fǎng): boat.
The green leaves are withered and the red flowers are falling. It implies that the season has arrived in autumn.
Sheep Skirt: Yang Xin from the Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties. Bi Chu refers to letters given to close friends.
Later appointment: an appointment to get together in the future.
Creation background
This poem was written around the first year of Guangzong Shaoxi (1190). At that time, the author was living in Hefei and witnessed the scenery of the border town in autumn - the Huainan area became a border defense front. Hefei, an important town in the area, also lost its former prosperity and became extremely depressed and desolate. Jiang Kui wrote this poem with emotion.
Poetry Appreciation
The first part of this poem describes the desolate and desolate scene of Hefei, a border town in Huainan. The second part vaguely reveals a kind of "sunli" in the nostalgia for the past travel life. "Sadness. Infinite emotion, all in vain.
The first film describes the depressed scene in the border town of Hefei and his own miserable feelings arising from the scene. During the Southern Song Dynasty, Huainan was already on the border. As an important border town, Hefei had lost its former prosperity due to frequent military disasters. The first two sentences summarize the desolation and desolation of Hefei City. "Hefei alleys are planted with willows." The poet places the "green poplar alleys" in the broad background of "autumn wind" and "border town", using the sentimental willows to contrast the bleakness and ruthlessness of the border town in autumn. It is easier to find that "disengagement". "Two Poems from the North Gate of Hefei" by Wang Zhidao of the Song Dynasty describes the dilapidated scene near Hefei in the early Southern Song Dynasty: "broken walls, stones and new fortresses, old battlefields with broken halberds buried in the sand. Shopping malls withered and simmering in the ashes, spring breeze growing grass and no cattle and sheep." "A piece of loose cable" is all realistic. However, these two sentences are just rough outlines, like a large oil painting. The first thing people see is the overall outline of the picture: in the desolate border town streets, a piece of willow dances in the autumn wind; when looking closer, the reader seems to Entering the specific painting environment, you can see the neighing of military horses, hurried pedestrians, and the lonely tower of the garrison and the cold horn blowing sadly. "Horses neighing" and "blow horns" appeal to hearing, while travelers and "garrison towers" appeal to vision; these images are either in motion or presented as static, intertwined into a picture in the bleak autumn wind, mobilizing readers' various emotions. The different senses allow him to fully feel the unique desolate atmosphere of the border town suffering from war. Then, the author put aside the description of the objective scenery and used the four words "feelings of good and evil" to communicate his feelings with the readers. Then he painted the above picture with the words "declining grass and cold smoke". A heavy stroke, followed by the word "gentle", embodies the emotion and thought in the language of the scenery, so the picture blends into one at the height of the blending of scenery and scenery. At this point, the meaning is still unfinished. I paused for a few sentences and then reflected on the reality. With the help of metaphors with a certain special style, I conveyed my feelings when I was there: walking through this once prosperous and famous city, it was like following the general out of the fortress. Soldiers trudging through the uninhabited desert felt depression, desolation, and unbearable boundless loneliness. Department, this generally refers to the army. Meandering, twists and turns. This metaphor injects certain characteristics of the times into the gloomy picture. It inspired readers at the time to recall all the past events since the Jingkang Incident, and they could not help but feel the deep hatred of family and country and the sorrow of life experience. Therefore, the sense of vicissitudes triggered by this metaphorical association further deepens and sublimates the artistic conception of the picture.
When the next film changes, the word "reminiscing" introduces memories, and the thoughts turn to the past, bringing up the entire next film. The clear water, red lotuses, painted boats and music, and the beautiful life of recreation in the West Lake in the past are unforgettable for the author. During the 14th and 5th years of the Chunxi reign, Jiang Kui once lived in Hangzhou. In his poem "Niannujiao" written at that time, he expressed his deep love for the lotus flowers in the West Lake in a fresh and elegant style: "At dusk, the pavilions are covered with green roofs, and the lover is gone. , Fighting to endure the waves, I'm just afraid that the cold clothes will fall easily, and I will be worried about Nanpu in the west wind. "At this time, the chilling autumn wind has turned Nanpu into a desolate place, and the faint cold fragrance of the West Lake lotus may also follow the "water breeze." "Shang" withered and disappeared, right? "Is the old tour still there?" is a question, which slightly revives the meaning of the words and adjusts the rhythm of the narrative. The sentence "Thinking about now" uses a speculative tone to express the imagination of the withering lotus in West Lake. The first sentence describes a person, and the latter sentence chants a lotus. The chanting of lotus also implies a sense of vicissitudes of looking back on the present and looking back on the past, and that people and things have changed. These two sentences form a sharp contrast with the picture depicted by the first three sentences, and they are a transition in time, that is, from remembrance to today. If the first three sentences reflect the neglect of Hefei in Huainan through the description of the beautiful scenery and recreational life of West Lake, then the description of the depressed autumn scenery of West Lake in the next two sentences is because the author is in the real environment of Huainan and is influenced by the surrounding environment. The triggering of the scenery is the result of the association of the scenery of the West Lake due to "feelings of good and evil". The interweaving of time and space is harmoniously unified here. The more the author feels the desolation and bleakness of the environment in front of him, the stronger his nostalgia for his old trip to West Lake becomes. Therefore, in the following sentences, the author simply expresses this feeling that he cannot control himself. "Written on the Sheep Skirt" uses Wang Xianzhi's book about the story of Yang Xinbai practicing her skirt. "The Biography of Yang Xin in Southern History" records that Yang Xin, a native of the Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasty, started to work on calligraphy when he was young and was very popular with Wang Xianzhi. Yang Xin wore a new silk skirt in the summer (men also wore skirts in ancient times) and slept during the day. Wang Xianzhi wrote an inscription on his new skirt. Yang Xin saw Wang Xianzhi's ink and kept the skirt. Here, "sheep skirt" refers to the ink mark on the piece of writing that is intended to be given to the beloved. The author imagined that he would tie a letter expressing his mood at the moment to the goose's foot and let him deliver it to his beloved lover. At this point, the author still feels that he has not finished his meaning, but Jiang Kui takes the familiar story of swan geese passing letters to another level: I am afraid that the geese are in a hurry and refuse to carry the letter for me, thus delaying the future. Meeting date. Therefore, "Sheep Skirt" is just empty writing, and the feelings of friendship can never be understood, which makes readers more sympathetic to the lonely situation and sad feelings of the poet.
This is also a self-titled song by Jiang Kui. The "offending" tune mentioned in the preface is to make the palace tune offend each other to increase the changes in the music, similar to the modulation of Western music. The so-called "Zhuzi", that is, "killing sound", refers to the sound at the end of a song. The word tune "Desolate Offender" is Xianlu Tiao off Shang Tiao. The two tunes have the same character, so they can conflict with each other. Regarding its voice, just as Long Yusheng said: "In the entire first film, there is not a single flat sentence, and the gushing tone is fully vented using short side rhymes. Although two flat sentences are used in the second film, The ending sentences are used to adjust the intense emotions; at the end, a series of oblique sentences are used to show the blunt and upright mood. "("Introduction to Ci and Music") Jiang Kui ordered Guo Gong to play this piece in Xingdu (Hangzhou). , saying "its rhyme is extremely beautiful". The melody matches the emotion of the words, and the sound and emotion have a unique musical beauty, which reflects Jiang Kui's high musical accomplishment.