The poetry of chanting things mainly used objects to express emotions or express aspirations. By the Southern Song Dynasty, the poetry of chanting things had entered a mature stage. Not only were they numerous, but they also paid more attention to writing skills and formal beauty. Shi Dazu's poem about things uses delicate brushwork to describe the characteristics of spring snow and the various forms of vegetation in the snow. This poem was probably written in early spring when the poet was alone in a foreign land.
The beginning of the poem is closely related to the season, writing about the spring snow entering the heart of the orchid and staining the grass blades, using the orchid to bloom and the grass to sprout to take care of the "new warmth". The spring breeze is pleasant, and the flowers and herbs are green, but the unexpected spring snow is accompanied by spring cold, and the "east wind" and "new warmth" are blocked together. "Qiaoqin" and "Tiaoglu" describe static snow scenes under windless conditions. The two sentences "詩宁" extend the previous meaning. The spring snow fell on the green tiles, leaving only a thin layer. The word "difficult to stay" further indicates that the thin snow melted instantly, revealing the spirit of spring. The Tang Dynasty ancestor's poem "Looking at the Remaining Snow in the South" once said: "The forest shows the sky, and the city becomes colder at dusk." In the evening, it snows again, so it should be cold, but the dusk chill is "lighter", which shows that spring is indeed coming. It's coming. The two sentences "walking through the sky into the mirror" are the only positive descriptions of spring snow in the whole poem. Han Yu's poem "Spring Snow" says: "The luan looks into the mirror and looks into the marsh, and the horse walks across the bridge across the sky." This means that after the snow, the luan looks into the marsh and looks like he is looking into the mirror, and the horse across the bridge feels like walking across the sky. The mirror and the sky are used to describe the brightness and purity of the snow on the surface of the pond and the bridge. Here we use it to write about snow. The four words "gently and soft" describe the softness and delicacy of spring snow. The weather was not too cold and there was no wind, so the snowflakes did not easily condense into large flowers. Therefore, it can penetrate into the heart of the orchid and stick to the grass armor. The first two sentences are concluded with a second sentence, starting with the word "material" to expand the imagination. Shi Dazu was born in the last years of Emperor Gaozong's reign in Shaoxing. His ancestral home was Bianjing and he had no chance to visit his hometown. The "hometown" here should refer to his home by the West Lake in Lin'an. The poem "Congratulations to the Bridegroom: Under the Moon on the West Lake" contains the sentence "living together at the foot of the West Mountain", and the West Mountain is Lingyin Mountain. Here, Shuangyan Chuanshuan is used to express the meaning of missing hometown and missing relatives. Heavy curtains that are not rolled up are caused by "spring snow" and "twilight cold". Spring has passed and it is the season for spring swallows to return, and heavy curtains will block the swallows carrying messages. The sight of things makes me sad, and the feeling of being lost in a foreign land is beyond words.
Continuing the story of the scenery in the spring snow. The willow eyes are green and white, covered with snow; the apricot blossoms are red in nature, with snow as the base. The shapes are anthropomorphic and the brushwork is delicate. Then he changed his mind and used two classics to write about people. "Old travels recall Shanyin", using the allusion of Wang Hui's visit to Dai Kui at night in the snow, and returning home: "The alliance then blocked Shangyuan", using the story of Sima Xiangru being late for the banquet in Liang Wang's Rabbit Garden in the snow. Meixi has a romantic temperament. Facing the snowy scenery, I can't help but think of the ancient literati and elegant people who traveled in the snow, and I can't help but yearn for it. The two sentences "Xunlu" carry the meaning of "barrier for new warmth" and "lighter cold at dusk". Spring has arrived, but the spring snow unexpectedly came, causing the idle "smoke furnace" to be lit again; the spring snow delayed the season, and winter clothes had to be worn for a while, and the needlework for spring shirts could be slowed down. The last two sentences complement the first two sentences. "Feng shoes" are women's shoes decorated with phoenix patterns. "Piancai" refers to the festival of choosing vegetables. It was a custom in the Tang Dynasty that on the second day of February, people would pick vegetables in the Qujiang River. Scholars and people would visit the place, which was called the Vegetable Picking Festival. This custom was followed in the Song Dynasty. The sentence "Baqiao" uses another snow code. According to Volume 7 of Sun Guangxian's "Northern Dream Suoyan": Zheng Xi said: "My poetic thoughts are on the donkey in the wind and snow in Baqiao." To expand here, it implies that even in the vegetable picking festival, the cold has not faded away, and the factors that cause people's tiredness are still there, implying that the poet's mood is still desolate in this season of earth's recovery. There is a folk proverb in Jiangsu and Zhejiang: "The Qingming Festival breaks the snow, and the Grain Rain breaks the frost." It is not surprising that it snows during the Vegetable Picking Festival.
Although this poem about snow has nothing particularly praiseworthy in its conception, it gives people a sense of beauty and has become another famous poem about things in Meixi. Its beauty lies in its exquisite carving. Draw. This poem is titled "Wing Chun Snow", but not a single word refers to the word "snow", but not a single word does not mention snow. And the whole poem is always written closely with the delicate characteristics of spring snow. The spring snow that "qiao Qinlan's heart secretly sticks to the grass armor" is definitely different from the winter snow that "defeats three million jade dragons, and the defeated scales fly all over the sky." "Tile is hard to stay" and "Easy and soft" both accurately grasp the characteristics of spring snow. This poem praises things but does not stop at things. The first sentence and the following six sentences of "Jiu You" are full of imagination and discussion. The imaginary brushwork is expressive and has great charm. Meixi is good at refining sentences and words, such as the couplet "The green is not yet green, the willows turn back and white eyes, the red is about to break, the apricots bloom with plain faces", which is called "white eyes" because the willow buds are covered with snow and turn white, and the apricot blossom If a woman is stained with snow, she is painted with lead powder, which is called "plain face". Personification is used inadvertently. "Green is not over" and "Red is about to break", they accurately grasp the proportion, the brushwork is delicate, ethereal but not substantial. The last two sentences are said to be "particularly picked out by Jiang Yaozhang" in "Hua'an Ci Selection", and Lu Fuzhi's "Ci Zhi" also recorded them as aphorisms. Its strength also lies in its implicitness and implication. "Feng Shoes" refers to a lady in red makeup, "picking vegetables" points out the season, and "Baqiao" implies wind and snow. Use the word "fear" to lead it, which makes it appear affectionate, graceful, clear and refined. Jiang Kui commented that Meixi's poems are "extraordinarily clear and elegant", and this poem can be a representative example.